Abstract:
:The author reviews the research demonstrating not only that clients withhold personal information and reactions from their therapists but also that such discretion is associated with positive therapy process ratings and outcomes. These results run counter to traditional approaches to psychotherapy, which demand a high degree of openness from clients. These puzzling findings can be explained by conceptualizing psychotherapy as a self-presentational process, wherein clients come to benefit from therapy by perceiving that their therapists have favorable views of them. Creating these favorable impressions can involve clients' hiding some undesirable aspects of themselves from their therapists. The author offers findings from the psychotherapy and social-psychology literatures in support of this view and makes suggestions concerning what clients and therapists might optimally reveal in therapy.
journal_name
Psychol Bulljournal_title
Psychological bulletinauthors
Kelly AEdoi
10.1037/0033-2909.126.4.475subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-07-01 00:00:00pages
475-94issue
4eissn
0033-2909issn
1939-1455journal_volume
126pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The task-switching paradigm is being increasingly used as a tool for studying cognitive control and task coordination. Different procedural variations have been developed. They have in common that a comparison is made between transitions in which the previous task is repeated and transitions that involve a change towa...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/a0019791
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::People can learn about the probabilistic consequences of their actions in two ways: One is by consulting descriptions of an action's consequences and probabilities (e.g., reading up on a medication's side effects). The other is by personally experiencing the probabilistic consequences of an action (e.g., beta testing ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1037/bul0000115
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A dual-process model of the alcohol-behavior link is presented, synthesizing 2 of the major social-cognitive approaches: expectancy and myopia theories. Substantial evidence has accrued to support both of these models, and recent neurocognitive models of the effects of alcohol on thought and behavior have provided evi...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/a0015991
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychological distance and abstraction both represent key variables of considerable interest to researchers across cognitive, social, and developmental psychology. Moreover, largely inspired by construal level theory, numerous experiments across multiple fields have now connected these 2 constructs, examining how psyc...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1037/bul0000005
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several investigators have claimed over the past decade that working memory (WM) and general intelligence (g) are identical, or nearly identical, constructs, from an individual-differences perspective. Although memory measures are commonly included in intelligence tests, and memory abilities are included in theories o...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.131.1.30
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Grafts of fetal and nonfetal brain tissues have been successfully implanted into the mammalian central nervous system (CNS). The functional effects of neural grafting in the CNS of rodents and nonhuman primates in a variety of situations are reviewed. Research areas discussed included the effects of dopamine-rich graf...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.108.3.462
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::What is the relation between competition and performance? The present research addresses this important multidisciplinary question by conducting a meta-analysis of existing empirical work and by proposing a new conceptual model--the opposing processes model of competition and performance. This model was tested by cond...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/a0028324
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Reports an error in "Narrowing the transmission gap: A synthesis of three decades of research on intergenerational transmission of attachment" by Marije L. Verhage, Carlo Schuengel, Sheri Madigan, R. M. Pasco Fearon, Mirjam Oosterman, Rosalinda Cassibba, Marian J. Bakermans-Kranenburg and Marinus H. van IJzendoorn (Ps...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.1037/bul0000149
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite widespread popular concern about what it means to be over 40 and unemployed, little attention has been paid in the literature to clarifying the role of age within the job seeking experience. Extending theory, we propose mechanisms by which chronological age affects job search and reemployment outcomes after jo...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/bul0000019
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tip-of-the-tongue experience (TOT) has intrigued psychologists for nearly a century. R. Brown and McNeil (1966) provided the first systematic exploration of the phenomenon, and the findings since their seminal study suggest that TOTs (a) are a nearly universal experience, (b) occur about once a week, (c) increase ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.109.2.204
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Depression is well known to share a negative cross-sectional relationship with personality constructs defined by positive emotion (positive affect, extraversion, behavioral activation). These Positive Emotionality (PE) constructs have been proposed to represent stable temperamental risk factors for depression, not mer...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/bul0000059
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Violent video games are theorized to be a significant cause of aggressive thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Important evidence for this claim comes from a large meta-analysis by Anderson and colleagues (2010), who found effects of violent games in experimental, cross-sectional, and longitudinal research. In that meta...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/bul0000074
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Engaging in a test over previously studied information can serve as a potent learning event, a phenomenon referred to as the testing effect. Despite a surge of research in the past decade, existing theories have not yet provided a cohesive account of testing phenomena. The present study uses meta-analysis to examine t...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1037/a0037559
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::People perceive and conceive of activity in terms of discrete events. Here the authors propose a theory according to which the perception of boundaries between events arises from ongoing perceptual processing and regulates attention and memory. Perceptual systems continuously make predictions about what will happen ne...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.133.2.273
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A framework for action planning, called ideomotor theory, suggests that actions are represented by their perceivable effects. Thus, any activation of the effect image, either endogenously or exogenously, will trigger the corresponding action. We review contemporary studies relating to ideomotor theory in which researc...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/a0020541
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A large and growing number of studies support the notion that arousing positive emotional states expand, and that arousing negative states constrict, the scope of attention on both the perceptual and conceptual levels. However, these studies have predominantly involved the manipulation or measurement of conscious emot...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/a0020495
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In 1899, R. S. Woodworth published a seminal monograph, "The Accuracy of Voluntary Movement." As well as making a number of important empirical contributions, Woodworth presented a model of speed-accuracy relations in the control of upper limb movements. The model has come to be known as the two-component model becaus...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.127.3.342
更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intelligence can have an extremely high heritability, but also be malleable; a paradox that has been the source of continuous controversy. Here we attempt to clarify the issue, and advance a frequently overlooked solution to the paradox: Intelligence is a trait with unusual properties that create a large reservoir of ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/bul0000131
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of child-, family-, and system-focused interventions have been designed to prevent or reduce the negative effects of divorce on children. This article critically evaluates these intervention efforts by examining (a) their relation to basic research on the processes proposed to mediate children's postdivorce a...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.111.3.434
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A set of basic beliefs about others' minds and behavior, referred to as folk psychology or theory of mind, is often discussed as if it were the same the world over. Yet, certainly variation in folk psychology exists. This article compares several aspects of European American theory of mind with other cultural models, ...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.123.1.3
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::From analyzing 100 assessments of coping, the authors critiqued strategies and identified best practices for constructing category systems. From current systems, a list of 400 ways of coping was compiled. For constructing lower order categories, the authors concluded that confirmatory factor analysis should replace th...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.2.216
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although some theories suggest that anxious individuals selectively remember threatening stimuli, findings remain contradictory despite a considerable amount of research. A quantitative integration of 165 studies with 9,046 participants (clinical and nonclinical samples) examined whether a memory bias exists and which...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1037/a0013343
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article proposes that binge eating is motivated by a desire to escape from self-awareness. Binge eaters suffer from high standards and expectations, especially an acute sensitivity to the difficult (perceived) demands of others. When they fall short of these standards, they develop an aversive pattern of high sel...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.110.1.86
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In a recent article in this journal, D. H. Gleaves (1996) criticized the sociocognitive model (SCM; N. P. Spanos, 1994) of dissociative identity disorder (DID) and argued in favor of a posttraumatic model (PTM) in which DID is conceptualized as a consequence of childhood abuse and other traumatic events. The present a...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.125.5.507
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevailing view in popular culture and the psychological literature is that White women have greater body dissatisfaction than women of color. In this meta-analysis, 6 main effect sizes were obtained for differences among Asian American, Black, Hispanic, and White women with a sample of 98 studies, yielding 222 ef...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.132.4.622
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Can susceptibility to false memory and suggestion increase dramatically with age? The authors review the theoretical and empirical literatures on this counterintuitive possibility. Until recently, the well-documented pattern was that susceptibility to memory distortion had been found to decline between early childhood...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.134.3.343
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lie detection techniques are frequently used, but most of them have been criticized for the lack of empirical support for their predictive validity and presumed underlying mechanisms. This situation has led to increased efforts to unravel the cognitive mechanisms underlying deception and to develop a comprehensive the...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1037/bul0000087
更新日期:2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years, the magnitude, consistency, and stability across time of cognitive sex differences have been questioned. The present study examined these issues in the context of spatial abilities. A meta-analysis of 286 effect sizes from a variety of spatial ability measures was conducted. Effect sizes were partitio...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.117.2.250
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article concerns a class of experimental manipulations that require people to generate explanations or imagine scenarios. A review of studies using such manipulations indicates that people who explain or imagine a possibility then express greater confidence in the truth of that possibility. It is argued that this...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1037/0033-2909.110.3.499
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Women and members of other underrepresented groups who break through the glass ceiling often find themselves in precarious leadership positions, a phenomenon that has been termed the glass cliff. The glass cliff has been investigated in a range of domains using various methodologies, but evidence is mixed. In 3 meta-a...
journal_title:Psychological bulletin
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1037/bul0000234
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00