Abstract:
:Big Blue Rat-2 cells were evaluated for mutagenesis and mutational spectra (spontaneous and ethylnitrosourea [ENU]-induced). Survival, mutant frequency, population doubling time, and kinetics of mutant increase (to 120 hr) were determined. Exposures were 100, 200, 400, 600, and 1,000 micrograms ENU/ml. The spontaneous mutant frequency was similar to that previously reported in vivo, i.e., 5 X 10(5). Dose-related increases in mutant frequency were observed following ENU treatment. Kinetics (time course) of mutant frequency increase, population doubling, and mutational spectra were investigated following treatment at 1,000 micrograms ENU/ml. Among 39 spontaneous mutants, 26 independent mutations were found as follows: nine (34.6%) G:C-->A:T transitions (five at CpG sites), six (23%) G:C-->T:A transversions, three (11.5%) G:C-->C:G transversions (two at CpG sites), two (7.7%) frameshifts, five (19%) deletions or insertions, and one (3.8%) complex (deletion+insertion) mutation. Among 46 ENU-induced mutants, 37 independent mutations (all base substitutions) were found as follows: 15 (40.5%) G:C-->A:T transitions (four at CpG sites), five (13.5%) A:T-->G:C transitions, four (10.8%) G:C-->T:A transversions, 11 (30%) A:T-->T:A transversions, and two (5.4%) A:T-->C:G transversions. Nearly 50% of the base substitutions in the ENU-treated cells were at A:T base pairs, in contrast to the spontaneous mutants where none was found. Both the spontaneous and the ENU-induced mutational spectra were similar to that reported in vivo and for other cells. An important aspect of the experiment is that all mutations sequenced following ENU treatment (1,000 micrograms/ml) occurred under conditions which our experiments show corresponded to very little mitotic activity.
journal_name
Environ Mol Mutagenjournal_title
Environmental and molecular mutagenesisauthors
Zimmer DM,Zhang XB,Harbach PR,Mayo JK,Aaron CSdoi
10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1996)28:4<325::AID-EM5>3.0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-01-01 00:00:00pages
325-33issue
4eissn
0893-6692issn
1098-2280pii
10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1996)28:4<325::AID-EM5>3.0journal_volume
28pub_type
杂志文章abstract::DNA interstrand crosslinks (ICLs) are covalent linkages between two strands of DNA, and their presence interferes with essential metabolic processes such as transcription and replication. These lesions are extremely toxic, and their repair is essential for genome stability and cell survival. In this review, we will di...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.21736
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA polymerase κ (Pol κ) is a specialized DNA polymerase involved in translesion DNA synthesis. Although its bypass activities across lesions are well characterized in biochemistry, its cellular protective roles against genotoxic insults are still elusive. To better understand the in vivo protective roles, we have est...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.21961
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is a major source of indoor air pollution. Extractable-respirable particulate (ERP) from the ETS-contaminated indoor air (ERP-ETS) was collected from six passenger train cars and one control room. The mutagenicity of ERP-ETS was tested in the Ames/Salmonella test in the presence of ma...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(1999)33:3<185::aid-em2>3.0
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extractable organic material (EOM) from atmospheric total suspended particles (TSP) contains several organic compounds including non-substituted polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), alkyl-PAHs, and nitro-PAHs. These chemicals seem to be among the key drivers of TSP genotoxicity. We have shown previously that t...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.22377
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparison of spontaneous mutation spectra derived from different transgenic constructs can provide valuable insights for interpreting the mechanisms of spontaneous mutation. In this study, spontaneous mutation frequencies and spectra of the lacI transgene are compared in the liver of C57BL/6, B6C3F1, and BC-1 mice an...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.1021
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Combinations of antiretroviral drugs that include nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) are superior to single-agent regimens in treating or preventing HIV infection, but the potential long-term health hazards of these treatments in humans are uncertain. In earlier studies, our group found that coexposur...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.10073
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::2,6-Dicyano-4-nitroaniline and 2-cyano-4-nitroaniline (CNNA; 2-amino-5-nitrobenzonitrile) are potent mutagens in the Ames test, even though unsubstituted nitroanilines (NAs) are no more than weak mutagens. These compounds are putative reduction products of many commercial azo dyes, including Disperse Blue 165, Dispers...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.22161
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polluted soil sampled from a former coking plant in Lorraine (France) was studied for its genotoxicity and reproductive effects on the Eisenia fetida earthworm. Genotoxicity was investigated by means of the single-cell gel electrophoresis (comet) assay on the coelomocytes of earthworms after 4 and 10 days of exposure ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20436
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA is exposed to endogenous and environmental factors that can form stable lesions. If not repaired, these lesions can lead to transcription/replication blocking or mutagenic bypass. Our previous work has focused on 8,5'-cyclopurine 2'-deoxyribonucleosides, a unique class of oxidatively induced DNA lesions that are s...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20619
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has been shown previously that carbon black (CB), Printex 90 exposure induces cII and lacZ mutants in the FE1-Muta(TM) Mouse lung epithelial cell line and causes oxidatively damaged DNA and the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). The purpose of this study was to determine the mutation spectrum in the cII g...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20629
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have applied the alkaline comet assay to study the functional impact of gene polymorphisms in base excision repair (APEX1 Asp148Glu, XRCC1 Arg194Trp, XRCC1 Arg399Gln) and homologous recombination repair (XRCC3 Thr241Met, NBS1 Glu185Gln), two pathways that play crucial roles in the repair of DNA damage induced by me...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20415
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mutational spectrum for 28 X-ray induced mutations and 2 spontaneous mutations, previously determined by genetic and cytogenetic methods, consisted of 20 multilocus deficiencies (19 induced and 1 spontaneous) and 10 intragenic mutations (9 induced and 1 spontaneous). One of the X-ray induced intragenic mutations w...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850180303
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quinoline is a specific and potent carcinogen to the rat and mouse liver. Studies are described here in which it was evaluated for its ability to initiate unscheduled DNA synthesis (UDS) in the rat liver in vivo. Although some individual animals showed indications of a marginal response the absence of clear group posi...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850140403
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous population-based studies have identified subject characteristics that, when combined, can account for approximately 20% of the observed interindividual variation in baseline SCE rates. In the present investigation, a classic twin study design was used to address the issue of the relevance of genetic factors t...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850200103
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromosome aberrations can occur by secondary mechanism(s) associated with cytotoxicity, induced by chemicals that do not attack DNA. Aberrations are formed from DNA double-strand breaks, and DSBs are known to be induced by nonmutagenic (Ames test negative) noncarcinogens at toxic levels [Storer et al. (1996): Mutat R...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This collection of articles was inspired by the long-standing relationship between the Environmental Mutagen Society and Latin American scientists, and by the program for the 39th Environmental Mutagen Society meeting in Puerto Rico in 2008, which included a symposium featuring "South of the border" scientists. This c...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20563
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previously, we determined that elimination of deoxycytidylate (dCMP) deaminase (DCD1) in the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae increases the intracellular dCTP:dTTP ratio and reduces the induction of G x C --> A x T transitions in the SUP4-o gene by ethyl methanesulfonate (EMS) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (M...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although not mutagenic by Ames test, 2,5-dimethylfuran (DMF), a leading biofuel candidate, was found to induce chromosomal damage in cultured murine cells, suggesting that it may be genotoxic. We sought to prioritize the environmental and biological impacts of using DMF as a combustible biofuel. First, we assessed DMF...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.21702
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animal studies have linked perinatal bisphenol A (BPA) exposure to altered DNA methylation, but little attention is given to analyzing multiple physiologically relevant doses. Utilizing the viable yellow agouti (A(vy)) mouse, we examine the effects of developmental exposure through maternal diet to 50 ng BPA/kg (n = 1...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.21692
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evidence is provided that antitopoisomerase drugs induce chromosomal aberrations via the formation of DNA double strand breaks. Camptothecin, an inhibitor of DNA topoisomerase I, produced only chromatid-type aberrations, and in order to be effective it has to be present during the DNA replication. The fact that it ind...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.2850220416
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A wild-type strain of herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1:KOS) encoding a functional thymidine kinase (tk+) and a tk- mutant strain (HSV-1:PTK3B) were used to study the role of the viral tk in the repair of UV-irradiated HSV-1 in human cells. UV survival of HSV-1:PTK3B was substantially reduced compared with that of HS...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850150104
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Iron oxide nanoparticles (ION) are gaining importance as diagnostic and therapeutic tool of central nervous system diseases. Although oleic acid-coated ION (O-ION) have been described as stable and biocompatible, their potential neurotoxicity was scarcely evaluated in human nervous cells so far. The primary aim of thi...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.22323
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic polymorphisms have been reported in several cytochrome P450 (CYP) genes, including CYP1B1 which metabolically activates procarcinogens present in tobacco to carcinogenic intermediates. This study used a case-control approach in North Indian population to determine associations between genetic variants in CYP1B...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.22098
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Ames Salmonella/microsomal assay was employed to test the mutagenicity of some benzamines (aniline, and o- and p-phenylenediamine) and their nitro-derivatives (p-nitroaniline, 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine, 3- and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine), using strains TA98 and TA100 and their nitroreductase-deficient mutants, TA...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1996)27:1<67::AID-EM9>3.0.
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human sulfotransferase (SULT) 1A1, 1A2, and 1A3 cDNA genes were subcloned separately into the pTrc99A(KM) vector. The generated plasmids were introduced into the Salmonella typhimurium O-acetyltransferase-deficient strain NM6000 (TA1538/1,8-DNP/pSK1002), resulting in the new strains NM7001, NM7002, and NM7003. We comp...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20696
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lead is a widely existing environmental pollutant with potential carcinogenicity. To investigate the association of blood lead level (B-Pb) with potential chromosomal damage and cancer, we analyzed micronucleus (MN) frequency of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and the methylation status of six human tumor suppress...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.22194
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The frequency of 6-thioguanine resistant (TGr) mutants induced in human G0 phase T-lymphocytes by 200 cGy of gamma irradiation is greatly enhanced by incubation with cytosine arabinoside (ara-C) after irradiation. The mutant frequency increased with increasing incubation time in ara-C for up to 2 hr. This mutation ind...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850170403
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We evaluated the mutagens in fumes produced by heating three different cooking oils used in Taiwan to temperatures of 100 degrees C, 200 degrees C, and 300 degrees C, and constructed models to study the efficacy of fume extractors used commonly by Taiwanese women. Particulates of volatile emissions from lard (at 200 d...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cytotoxicity and mutagenicity of the human carcinogen, treosulphan, and its hydrolysis product, dl-1,2:3,4-diepoxybutane (DEB), were studied in Chinese hamster ovary, AS52, cells. Treosulphan (0.1-1.0 mM) is toxic and mutagenic at the gpt locus. A strong pH dependence was noted. DEB is cytotoxic and mutagenic at a...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850210113
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prostate cancer (PC) is commonly diagnosed cancer in men but only a few risk factors, such as family history, ethnicity, and age have been established. Chromosomal instability is another possible risk factor but this has not been adequately explained previously. In this study, we tested the hypotheses that peripheral ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.22240
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00