Abstract:
:Previous population-based studies have identified subject characteristics that, when combined, can account for approximately 20% of the observed interindividual variation in baseline SCE rates. In the present investigation, a classic twin study design was used to address the issue of the relevance of genetic factors to baseline SCE rates and to identify other demographic, hematologic, and exposure variables predictive of SCE rate. Questionnaire data and peripheral blood samples from 136 monozygotic and 88 dizygotic twins (age range: 25-81 years) were obtained. Among the large number of variables examined, univariate analyses (including ANOVA tests for the categorical variables and Pearson-product moment correlations for the quantitative variables) revealed smoking status, coffee drinking status, sex, white blood cell count, and absolute numbers of lymphocytes and neutrophils to have significant effects on SCE rates. A stepwise multiple regression analysis showed that together, smoking and coffee drinking status entered at the first step accounted for 21% of the observed variance in SCE, with a further 6% being contributed by the demographic and hematologic variables added in subsequent steps. Finally, the twin analyses showed that after adjustment of the data set for smoking and other significant predictors, genetic factors accounted for approximately 30% of the variation in SCE rates. Thus these data support the hypothesis of a significant genetic influence on baseline SCE.
journal_name
Environ Mol Mutagenjournal_title
Environmental and molecular mutagenesisauthors
Hirsch BA,Sentz KK,McGue Mdoi
10.1002/em.2850200103subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-01-01 00:00:00pages
2-11issue
1eissn
0893-6692issn
1098-2280journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP), an exposure biomarker for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), was used to identify potential sources of PAH exposure for 660 Koreans who were not occupationally exposed to PAHs (65% male; 35% female; mean age, 36.5 +/- 11.1 years). In this study, 74% of subjects had detectable lev...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.10196
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have used an SV40-based shuttle vector, pZ189, to investigate the capacity of HeLa cell extracts to reproduce the in vivo process of mutation fixation. We showed previously that when UV-irradiated pZ189 is replicated in these extracts, bypass of UV photoproducts occurs, resulting in base substitution mutations in t...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850260207
更新日期:1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Alkylating treatments predominantly induce G: C = greater than A:T transitions, consistent with the predicted significance of the miscoding potential of the O6-alG lesion. However, the frequency and distribution of these events induced by any one compound may be diagnostic. SN1 agents that act via an alkyldiazonium ca...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.2850150208
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nitrous acid (NA) is often presumed to cause base substitutions in organisms with double-stranded DNA as a direct consequence of oxidative deamination of adenine and of cytosine residues. Here we summarize evidence indicating that other mechanisms are involved in the case of NA-induced G/C-->A/T transition mutations. ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850240305
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::This laboratory has previously described a method for scoring the incidence of rodent blood Pig-a mutant phenotype erythrocytes using immunomagnetic separation in conjunction with flow cytometric analysis (In Vivo MutaFlow®). The current work extends this approach to human blood. The frequencies of CD59- and CD55-nega...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.21924
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arsenic is an environmental pollutant capable of causing oxidative stress, disturbance of metabolism, and cancer development. The present study was undertaken to investigate the effects of exposure to sodium arsenite on the glutathione pool, lipid peroxidation, protein carbonyl levels, global DNA methylation, and acti...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20328
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nuclease P1 modification of the 32P-postlabeling technique was used to study the biological activity of 7H-dibenzo[c,g]carbazole (DBC) and some of its derivatives, including N-methyldibenzo[c,g]carbazole (N-MeDBC), 5,9-dimethyldibenzo[c,g]carbazole (5,9-diMeDBC), 5,9,N-trimethyldibenzo[c,g]carbazole (5,9,N-triMeDB...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(1997)30:1<56::aid-em8>3.0.
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The widespread application of carbon nanotubes (CNT) on industrial, biomedical, and consumer products can represent an emerging respiratory occupational hazard. Particularly, their similarity with the fiber-like shape of asbestos have raised a strong concern about their carcinogenic potential. Several in vitro and in ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.22177
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clustered damage induced by ionizing radiation--two or more oxidized bases, abasic sites, or strand breaks within a few DNA helical turns--have been postulated to be major lethal and/or mutagenic sites. Although they have recently been shown to be induced in genomic DNAs by ionizing photons and particles, little is kn...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.1067
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of several methodological factors on mean values of sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and micronuclei (MN) in peripheral lymphocytes of 1,650 subjects was analyzed. Donors belonged to a general healthy population living in Pisa and in two nearby small cities: Cascina and Navacchio (Ca-Na). Blood samples ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(1998)31:3<218::aid-em3>3.0
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Contamination of ground water by industrial waste poses potential health hazards for man and his environment. The improper disposal of toxic wastes could allow genotoxic chemicals to percolate into ground waters, and these contaminated ground waters may produce toxicity, including mutation and eventually cancer, in ex...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20210
更新日期:2006-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigations have been carried out which have measured the influence of the repair polymerases on the yield of different types of chromosomal aberrations. The studies were mainly concerned with the effect of inhibiting the polymerases on the yield of aberrations. The polymerases fill in single strand regions, and th...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.2850220405
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have applied the alkaline comet assay to study the functional impact of gene polymorphisms in base excision repair (APEX1 Asp148Glu, XRCC1 Arg194Trp, XRCC1 Arg399Gln) and homologous recombination repair (XRCC3 Thr241Met, NBS1 Glu185Gln), two pathways that play crucial roles in the repair of DNA damage induced by me...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20415
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The centrosome, also known as the microtubule organizing center of the cell, is a membrane-less organelle composed of a pair of barrel-shaped centrioles surrounded by electron-dense pericentriolar material. The centrosome progresses through the centrosome cycle in step with the cell cycle such that centrosomes are dup...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.20533
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to emissions from laser printers during the printing process is commonplace worldwide, both in the home and workplace environment. In the present study, cytotoxic and genotoxic effects of the emission from five low to medium-throughput laser printers were investigated with respect to the release of ozone (O(3...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20695
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Benchmark Dose (BMD) method is the favored approach for quantitative dose-response analysis where uncertainty measurements are delineated between the upper (BMDU) and lower (BMDL) confidence bounds, or confidence intervals (CIs). Little has been published on the accurate interpretation of uncertainty measurements ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.22422
更新日期:2021-01-11 00:00:00
abstract::Paraoxon (diethyl-p-nitrophenylphosphate) is the toxic, but non-mutagenic metabolite of the organophosphorus ester (OP) insecticide parathion. Although this agent has been used as a deacetylase inhibitor in many studies, we discovered a mutagenic synergy with paraoxon and plant-activated m-phenylenediamine or with dir...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A transplacental carcinogenicity study was conducted by exposing pregnant Swiss (CD-1) mice to 0, 50, 100, 200, or 300 mg 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT)/kg body weight (BW) daily for the duration of gestation (18-19 days) [National Toxicology Program,2006]. The incidence of alveolar/bronchiolar adenomas and carcinom...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20420
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Respirable crystalline silica has been classified as a human lung carcinogen. Ultrafine (diameter < 100 nm) silica particles may be important in carcinogenesis, although the mechanisms remain unclear. In the present study, WIL2-NS cells were incubated for 6, 24, and 48 hr with 0, 30, 60, and 120 microg/ml ultrafine cr...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20287
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gene therapy has been proposed to have implications in the treatment of cancer. By genetically manipulating the hematopoietic stem cell compartment with genes that confer resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, the dose escalation that is necessary to effectively treat the cancers could potentially be achieved. DNA rep...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2280(2000)35:2<71::aid-em1>3.0.
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Noncovalent DNA interactions, e.g., DNA intercalation and DNA groove-binding, have not been well studied relative to covalent interactions largely due to the inability of predicting and detecting such events in intact cells. We have adapted an in vitro bleomycin amplification method for DNA intercalation for use in cu...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.20096
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Early results from two transgenic mouse mutation assays, Big Blue [Kohler SW et al. (1991): Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 88:7958-7962] and Muta Mouse [Myhr BC (1991): Environ Mol Mutagen 18:308-315], raised questions about appropriate study design and methods for statistical analysis. First, there were a number of potential...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type:
doi:10.1002/em.2850230104
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA is exposed to endogenous and environmental factors that can form stable lesions. If not repaired, these lesions can lead to transcription/replication blocking or mutagenic bypass. Our previous work has focused on 8,5'-cyclopurine 2'-deoxyribonucleosides, a unique class of oxidatively induced DNA lesions that are s...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20619
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of AS52 cells with 5-azacytidine resulted in an induction of 6-thioguanine-resistant [6TG] colonies, which reached a maximum by an expression time of 9 days. Dose responses for both cytotoxicity and mutation induction were determined following treatment with 5-azacytidine. At 20 microM treatment, 5-azacytidi...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1996)28:2<100::AID-EM5>3.0
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The phenoxyherbicide and peroxisome proliferator 2-methyl-4-chlorophenoxyacetic acid (MCPA) was tested for its ability to induce sister-chromatid exchanges (SCE) in chick embryos. Erbitox E30 (a commercial formulation containing 28% MCPA sodium potassium salt as active ingredient) was injected into the air chamber in ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850190411
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hypertension is often treated with diuretics, like hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ). Previous results on the in vitro genotoxicity of HCTZ are equivocal. In the present study, we have evaluated the genotoxicity of HCTZ in cultured human lymphocytes using the Cytokinesis Blocked Micronucleus (CBMN) assay. In addition, micron...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20180
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genomes of all living organisms are constantly threatened by endogenous and exogenous agents that challenge the chemical integrity of DNA. Most bacteria have evolved a coordinated response to DNA damage. In Escherichia coli, this inducible system is termed the SOS response. The SOS global regulatory network consists o...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/em.22267
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objective of our study was to develop a micronucleus (MN) assay for detecting genotoxic damage after inhalation exposure in mouse alveolar Type II and Clara cells, potential target cells for lung carcinogens. Ten male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to ethylene oxide (630 mg/m(3)) for 4 hr via inhalation; 10 unexposed ...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.20520
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mutational spectrum for 28 X-ray induced mutations and 2 spontaneous mutations, previously determined by genetic and cytogenetic methods, consisted of 20 multilocus deficiencies (19 induced and 1 spontaneous) and 10 intragenic mutations (9 induced and 1 spontaneous). One of the X-ray induced intragenic mutations w...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/em.2850180303
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Ames Salmonella/microsomal assay was employed to test the mutagenicity of some benzamines (aniline, and o- and p-phenylenediamine) and their nitro-derivatives (p-nitroaniline, 2-nitro-p-phenylenediamine, 3- and 4-nitro-o-phenylenediamine), using strains TA98 and TA100 and their nitroreductase-deficient mutants, TA...
journal_title:Environmental and molecular mutagenesis
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/(SICI)1098-2280(1996)27:1<67::AID-EM9>3.0.
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00