Abstract:
:As new antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) become available, physicians will define their appropriate use in particular patient populations. For women, the issues include gender-specific efficacy and tolerability, including the impact of the AED on reproductive health. Women with epilepsy who are treated with established AEDs appear to be at risk for compromised bone health, for disturbances in fertility, menstrual cyclicity, ovulatory function, and sexuality and, with some AEDs, for failure of hormonal contraception. Finally, pregnancy outcome may be adversely affected by the established AEDs, all of which are human teratogens. Felbamate (FBM), gabapentin (GBP), lamotrigine (LTG), oxcarbazepine (OCBZ), tiagabine (TGB), topiramate (TPM), and vigabatrin (VGB) were reviewed. The preclinical development process had not addressed all the issues of concern to women. Although gender-specific efficacy is routinely evaluated, impact on reproductive health is not. FBM, GBP, LTG, TGB, TPM, and VGB have similar efficacy in women and men. It is not known whether the new AEDs will affect bone health, fertility, the menstrual cycle, and sexuality. FBM, GBP, LTG, TGB, and probably VGB do not interfere with hormonal contraception. Whether these new AEDs are good choices for the pregnant woman with epilepsy awaits further experience in human pregnancy. However, animal reproductive toxicology studies appear promising. The limited number of human pregnancy exposures do not, thus far, signal a significant number or particular type of adverse outcomes. However, only with improved postmarketing surveillance can essential information about teratogenic effects by acquired in an acceptably short time.
journal_name
Epilepsiajournal_title
Epilepsiaauthors
Morrell MJdoi
10.1111/j.1528-1157.1996.tb06037.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-01-01 00:00:00pages
S34-44eissn
0013-9580issn
1528-1167journal_volume
37 Suppl 6pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
EPILEPSIA文献大全abstract:PURPOSE:Felbamate (FBM) is a new antiepileptic drug (AED) that is often effective in seizure disorders refractory to other treatments; its use has been greatly restricted after cases of aplastic anemia were reported. To elucidate the putative association between FBM and aplastic anemia, we made a detailed evaluation of...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1997.tb00062.x
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amygdala kindling is used to investigate cerebellar dentate nucleus participation in the neuronal plasticity of the cerebrum. We studied the behavioral change, the occurrence of epileptiform events, and the duration of afterdischarge during amygdaloid kindling under control conditions and after a dentate lesion of the...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1992.tb02309.x
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate the safety, tolerability, and efficacy of long-term pregabalin as add-on therapy for patients with poorly controlled partial seizures. METHODS:Analysis of data from six long-term clinical trials involving 2,061 patients receiving open-label pregabalin 75-600 mg/day adjunctive therapy for partial on...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02532.x
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Accurate identification of cortical malformations in children with epilepsy can be crucial for successful clinical management. Although standard head-coil magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 1.5 tesla (T) can be used to view the macrostructure of the brain, phased array technology at both 1.5 and 3T significantly impr...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2005.00303.x
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Originally derived from a Wistar rat strain, a proportion of which displayed spontaneous absence-type seizures, Genetic Absence Epilepsy Rats from Strasbourg (GAERS) represent the most widely utilized animal model of genetic generalized epilepsy. Here we compare the seizure, behavioral, and brain morphometric...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.12840
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Continuous, generalized 2.5 to 3.5-Hz spike-wave (SW) discharges were evident in an EEG performed 13 h after a first seizure associated with a viral illness, in an 8-year-old girl. On eye opening, the EEG abnormality was suppressed and replaced by delta activity and brief spike-wave paroxysms. No alteration in conscio...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1995.tb00982.x
更新日期:1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome (WHS) is a well-known clinical entity caused by partial deletion of the short arm of one chromosome 4 (4p- syndrome). Seizures occur in almost all the cases, but studies on the electroclinical disorder and its evolution are still scarce. We present a longitudinal study of the electro...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1528-1157.2003.63502.x
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Previous studies have established the importance of the insular cortex and temporal lobe in cardiovascular autonomic modulation. Some investigators, based on the results of cortical stimulation response, functional imaging, EEG recordings of seizures, and lesional studies, have suggested that cardiac sympatheti...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2006.00509.x
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We explored Kentuckians' attitudes toward children with epilepsy. Questions compared respondents' attitudes about children with epilepsy, asthma, hyperactivity, and AIDS. Random digit dialing led to 617 completed interviews. The key questions asked concerned (a) how a pupil with each illness would alter the classroom ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1995.tb00959.x
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The occurrence of seizures at specific times of the day has been consistently observed for centuries in individuals with epilepsy. Electrophysiological recordings provide evidence that seizures have a higher probability of occurring at a given time during the night and day cycle in individuals with epilepsy here refer...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.16716
更新日期:2020-10-16 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Low-frequency fiber-tract stimulation has been shown to be effective in treating mesial temporal lobe epilepsies through activation of the hippocampal commissure in rodents and human patients. The corpus callosum is a major pathway connecting the two hemispheres of the brain; however, few experiments have doc...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.14595
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To define the association between late-onset epilepsy (LOE) and 25-year change in cognitive performance. METHODS:The Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities (ARIC) study is a multicenter longitudinal cohort study with participants from four U.S. communities. From linked Medicare claims, we identified cases of LO...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.16616
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Refractory status epilepticus (RSE) is a medical emergency, with significant morbidity and mortality. The use and effectiveness of clobazam, a unique 1,5-benzodiazepine, in the management of RSE has not been reported before. Over the last 24 months, we identified 17 patients with RSE who were treated with clobazam in ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.13013
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epileptogenic networks are defined by the brain regions involved in the production and propagation of epileptic activities. In this review we describe the historical, methodologic, and conceptual bases of this model in the analysis of electrophysiologic intracerebral recordings. In the context of epilepsy surgery, the...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/epi.13791
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Genetic variants in STXBP1, which encodes the conserved exocytosis protein Munc18-1, are associated with a variety of infantile epilepsy syndromes. We aimed to develop an in vivo Caenorhabditis elegans model that could be used to test the pathogenicity of such variants in a cost-effective manner. METHODS:The...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.16464
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Posttraumatic epilepsy is a common complication of traumatic brain injury (TBI), occurring in up to 15-20% of patients with severe brain trauma. Trauma accounts for approximately 5% of chronic epilepsy in the community. Because it is a common condition, and because of the relatively short latency period between injury...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2008.02006.x
更新日期:2009-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Kindled seizures are widely used to model epileptogenesis, but the molecular mechanisms underlying the attainment of kindling status are largely unknown. Recently we showed that achievement of kindling status in the Sprague-Dawley rat is associated with a critical developmental interval of 25 +/- 1 days; the id...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.0013-9580.2005.46904.x
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deletions and duplications/amplifications of the α1-sodium channel subunit (SCN1A) gene occur in about 12% of patients with Dravet syndrome (DS) who are otherwise mutation-negative. Such genomic abnormalities cause loss of function, with severe phenotypes, reproductive disadvantage and, therefore, sporadic occurrence....
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2010.02790.x
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Effects of pre- and postsynaptic γ-aminobutyric acid B (GABA(B)) receptor activation were characterized in human tissue from epilepsy surgery. METHODS:Slices of human cortical tissue were investigated in a submerged-type chamber with intracellular recordings in layers II/III. Parallel experiments were performe...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02094.x
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE: Memory impairment is a common comorbidity in people with epilepsy-associated malformations of cortical development. We studied spatial memory performance and hippocampal synaptic plasticity in an animal model of cortical dysplasia. METHODS: Embryonic day 17 rats were exposed to 2.25 Gy external radiation. O...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2012.03431.x
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 73-year-old patient with hyperglycemia and rheumatoid arthritis presented with attacks of involuntary lingual movements that were associated with pain at the base of the tongue, often followed by aversion of head and eyes to the left with clonic contractions of the left corner of the mouth. Seizures could be induced...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1988.tb05094.x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To describe the long-term outcome of childhood-onset secondarily generalized epilepsies (SGEs). METHODS:Children were identified from the Nova Scotia population-based epilepsy study (n=692). Onset of epilepsy was between 1977 and 1985, and follow-up was mainly in 2003. SGE was defined as having a mixture of mo...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.01072.x
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To report our evaluation of interictal two epileptic spike fields on magnetoencephalography (MEG) by using invasive intracranial monitoring in a patient without lesion on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS:A 15-year-old left-handed boy with a 9-year history of refractory simple partial seizures, seconda...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1999.tb05563.x
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of short-term withdrawal of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) on auditory event-related potentials (ERPs) was studied in 16 patients undergoing preoperative evaluation for epilepsy surgery. ERPs were performed for all patients during treatment with full medication and after a 1-week period during ongoing tapering ...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1995.tb00994.x
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over 100 years ago, on the 27th of January 1881, Fyodor Mikhailovitch Dostoevsky died. Since that time, many biographies, monographs, memoirs, and, to a lesser extent, articles in the medical literature have discussed the fact that Dostoevsky was a patient with epilepsy. An attempt is made here to integrate the detail...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 传,历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1983.tb04628.x
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanism by which animals develop tolerance to the antiepileptic effects of the carbonic anhydrase (CA) inhibitor, acetazolamide, was explored using a quantitative immunocytochemical method. Cerebral cortex sections of DBA/2J mice susceptible to audiogenic seizures and of C57BL/6J nonsusceptible mice were stained...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1157.1986.tb03576.x
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Unresolved past stressful events can induce a state of vulnerability to epilepsy and comorbidities. Using an experimental model of stress-induced vulnerability to depression, we tested whether an antioxidant treatment applied after the onset of epileptogenesis was disease modifying and could prevent the occur...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/epi.14692
更新日期:2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Status epilepticus (SE) is typically defined as a prolonged self-sustaining seizure or repeated seizures showing an incomplete recovery between them. SE represents a medical emergency often associated with significant disability, morbidity, and mortality. Despite the clinical impact, the mechanisms underlying the tran...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/epi.14082
更新日期:2018-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:A drug holiday seems to produce seizure interval prolongation (SIP) after reinstitution of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). This effect was demonstrated mainly with carbamazepine. We evaluated SIP with newer AEDs and tested the relationship of SIP to history of AED tolerance. METHODS:We prospectively studied patien...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2009.02494.x
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multidrug transporters are postulated to contribute to antiepileptic drug (AED) resistance. The transporter best studied is P-glycoprotein, an ATP-Binding Cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily member. RLIP76 is suggested to be an energy-dependent non-ABC transporter, reducing AED blood-brain barrier penetra...
journal_title:Epilepsia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1528-1167.2007.00926.x
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00