Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the clonality of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) strains among hospitalized patients. SETTING:University-affiliated, 465-bed tertiary-care teaching hospital with adjacent cancer clinic in Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. DESIGN:Thirty-five colonized and 30 infected patients from January 2, 1992, through August 31, 1993, were investigated retrospectively. Analysis by restriction fragment-length polymorphisms of ribosomal RNA genes (ie, ribotyping) of 103 nosocomial isolates of MRSA from these 65 patients and of 25 selected unrelated strains was completed. Ribotyping results were compared with the phage typing data obtained prospectively during the course of prospective MRSA surveillance. RESULTS:HindIII ribotyping was more discriminating than phage typing when epidemiologically unrelated strains were differentiated by these methods (19 different ribotypes versus 14 page types; P < .005). Two early index cases were identified. Isolates from the index cases were two different strains, identified by ribotyping analysis as ribotype A (clonal group 1) and ribotype B (clonal group 2), respectively. These two ribotypes were not found when typing the unrelated control strains. Thirty-six colonized and infected patients (55%) had clonal group 1 isolates, and 20 (31%) had clonal group 2 isolates. These two clones emerged in the hospital in January and February 1992 and dominated the entire investigated period. There also were six patients with an additional clonal group (group 4) that emerged and disappeared in the second quarter of 1993. CONCLUSIONS:This study highlights the utility of ribotyping in investigating nosocomial MRSA. Three MRSA clones caused nosocomial colonization or infection in patients at this hospital. Two of these MRSA clones, once introduced, were maintained among our patients throughout the study period.
journal_name
Infect Control Hosp Epidemioljournal_title
Infection control and hospital epidemiologyauthors
Nath SK,Shea B,Jackson S,Rotstein Cdoi
10.1086/647046subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-12-01 00:00:00pages
717-24issue
12eissn
0899-823Xissn
1559-6834pii
S0195941700008687journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Quality assurance is rapidly encroaching on the fields of epidemiology and infection control. If we are to lead this most recent revolution in medical care, we must ensure that our approach is structured, that we reassess our goals and methods regularly and that we achieve the maximal benefit from the resources we con...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646164
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Describe the epidemiology of central line-associated bloodstream infections (CLABSIs) in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) participating in a standardized and mandatory CLABSI surveillance program. DESIGN:Retrospective cohort. Setting. We included patients admitted (April 2007-March 2011) to 7 level II/I...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/673464
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To ascertain which components of healthcare worker (HCW) influenza vaccination programs are associated with higher vaccination rates. DESIGN:Survey. SETTING:University-affiliated hospitals. METHODS:Participating hospitals were surveyed with regard to their institutional HCW influenza vaccination program fo...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/651666
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the motivating and behavioral factors responsible for improving compliance with hand washing among physicians. DESIGN:Five unobtrusive, observational studies recording hand washing after direct patient contact, with study results reported to physicians. SETTING:A 450-bed hospital in a health ma...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501965
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the prevalence, characteristics, and appropriateness of systemic antibiotic use in assisted living (AL) and to conduct a preliminary quality improvement intervention trial to reduce inappropriate prescribing. DESIGN:Pre-post study, with a 13-month intervention period. SETTING:Four AL communities...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1086/677821
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To reconstruct the infection curve for the 2003 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) epidemic in Taiwan and to ascertain the temporal changes in the daily number of infections that occurred during the course of the outbreak. METHOD:Back-projection method. RESULTS:The peaks of the epidemic correspond we...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/516656
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine persistence of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) on a hematology-oncology ward and to determine the value of phenotypic and genotypic procedures for establishing clonality among CNS isolates. DESIGN:Strains of CNS isolated from bacteremic patients (n = 139) were typed by biochemical reactiv...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A patient with no risk factors for malaria was hospitalized in New York City with Plasmodium falciparum infection. After investigating all potential sources of infection, we concluded the patient had been exposed to malaria while hospitalized less than 3 weeks earlier. Molecular genotyping implicated patient-to-patien...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2015.236
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe the high burden of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (CPE) colonization and infection in a neuro-rehabilitation hospital in Italy over a 6-year period. Overall, 9.3% of patients were found to be CPE carriers on admission; the rates of CPE in-hospital acquisition and CPE-BSI were 9.2 and 2.9 cases ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2018.344
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rate of purified protein derivative (PPD) conversion in workers at our hospital increased to 1.7% in 1991. After implementation of mandatory respiratory isolation of patients with community-acquired pneumonia, the rate dropped to 0.6%. This policy may protect workers in institutions where the majority of patients ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647675
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the incidence of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in patients hospitalized in French public hospitals. DESIGN:A 2-month survey that included 163,573 patients and 140,114 admissions. SETTING AND PATIENTS:Forty-three public or public-affiliated hospitals throughout France, includ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501656
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:In-hospital transmission of methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) among neonates remains enigmatic. We describe the epidemiology of MSSA colonization and infection in a 30-bed neonatal ward. DESIGN:Multimodal outbreak investigation SETTING:A public 800-bed tertiary care university hospital in...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2015.184
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Patients colonized with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) may contaminate their immediate environment with this organism. However, the extent to which gastrointestinal colonization with MRSA affects environmental contamination is not known. We investigated the frequency of environmental conta...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/520737
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Social media, prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial stewardship (ASP) each impact every area of medicine. Independently, each have power to change medicine, however, synergistically, the impact could be transformative. Given the profound clinical, financial, and public health impact o...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/ice.2019.231
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe and compare the epidemiology of catheter-associated urinary tract infection (CAUTI) occurring in non-intensive care unit (ICU) versus ICU wards in a network of community hospitals over a 2-year period. Overall, 72% of cases of CAUTI occurred in non-ICU patients, which indicates that this population is an i...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/671000
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether electronically available comorbidities and laboratory values on admission are risk factors for hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile infection (HO-CDI) across multiple institutions and whether they could be used to improve risk adjustment. PATIENTS:All patients at least 18 years of age...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2020.1344
更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate a possible nosocomial outbreak of tuberculosis (TB). DESIGN:Retrospective cohort study. SETTING:Community hospital. METHODS:We reviewed medical records, hospital infection control measures, and potential locations of nosocomial exposure. We examined the results of acid-fast bacilli (AFB) sme...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502144
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To test the hypothesis that antibiotic use could be controlled or improved in a community teaching hospital, with improvement defined as reductions in overall use, overall cost, and antimicrobial resistance. DESIGN:Interventional study with historical comparison. SETTING:A not-for-profit, 900-bed community ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/500419
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case-control study of patients with and without confirmed UTI was performed to identify risk factors for nosocomial UTI. Duration of hospitalization, unit of admission, history of diabetes mellitus or debilitating diseases, and duration and number of urinary catheters were independently associated with increased ris...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502336
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To screen copper and noncopper paints for their bactericidal effectiveness in rendering surfaces self-disinfecting. DESIGN:Tested paints were applied to glass coverslips, cured, inoculated with test organisms (Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Enterococcus faecalis), and dr...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/648361
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE To analyze influential infectious diseases, antimicrobial stewardship, infection control, or medical microbiology blogs and bloggers SETTING World wide web DESIGN We conducted a systematic search for blogs in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines in September 2015. METHODS A snowball sampling approach was ap...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2017.69
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The prevalence of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) has increased markedly during the past decade. Few data exist regarding the epidemiology of resistance of VRE to chloramphenicol, one of the few therapeutic options. DESIGN:Survey and case-control study. SETTING:A 725-bed, tertiary-care academic medic...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502365
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE To evaluate antimicrobial utilization and prescription practices in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) after implementation of an antimicrobial stewardship program (ASP). DESIGN Quasi-experimental, interrupted time-series study. SETTING A 54-bed, level IV NICU in a regional academic and tertiary referral ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2017.151
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE To compare 6 airway-management devices in 3 isolation scenarios regarding their effect on airway management: portable isolation unit (PIU), personal protective equipment (PPE), and standard protection measures METHODS In total, 30 anesthesiologists working in emergency medical services performed airway manag...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/ice.2017.287
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of normal use on latex glove integrity in a flow cytometry laboratory. The gloves were tested using the 1,000 microL water-tight test and met industrial standards (less than 4% leakage) before, but not after use. More durable gloves, or more frequent changes of gloves, m...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647643
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nine hundred seventy-two cultures taken from the external nares and the vaginal vestibules of 54 women for the isolation of Staphylococcus aureus were studied. The swabs were plated directly to a trypticase soy agar plate containing 5% sheep blood and were then placed into a selective staphylococcal broth. Both cultur...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/645834
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Observational studies compare outcomes among subjects with and without an exposure of interest, without intervention from study investigators. Observational studies can be designed as a prospective or retrospective cohort study or as a case-control study. In healthcare epidemiology, these observational studies often t...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/ice.2016.118
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To understand the feasibility of implementing a standardized performance measure for collecting and reporting influenza vaccination rates among healthcare personnel, qualitative, semistructured interviews were conducted with key informants in 32 healthcare facilities. Despite practical and logistical challenges to imp...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/667375
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Storage cabinets for heat-sensitive endoscopes (SCHEs) are designed to store gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopes in a clean, dry and well-ventilated cupboard to prevent microbiological proliferation. The use of SCHEs in a GI endoscopy unit has significally reduced the rate of contaminated endoscopes (13.0% vs 45.0%, P<.0...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2015.139
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Nosocomial infections appear to be increased in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), compared to individuals with asymptomatic infection due to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Risk factors for bacterial colonization and infection include immunosuppression, prior treatment with some antibiotics,...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1086/647300
更新日期:1996-05-01 00:00:00