Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To determine persistence of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) on a hematology-oncology ward and to determine the value of phenotypic and genotypic procedures for establishing clonality among CNS isolates. DESIGN:Strains of CNS isolated from bacteremic patients (n = 139) were typed by biochemical reactivity, antibiotic susceptibility, DNA macrorestriction analysis by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), and arbitrary primed polymerase chain reaction (AP PCR). Coagulase-negative staphylococci were subgrouped in a random collection (n = 20) used for the evaluation of the typing procedures and a collection of 119 CNS isolates from hematologic patients displaying multiple bacteremic episodes. RESULTS:Analysis of the reference collection demonstrated the usefulness of the DNA typing procedures, indicating that AP PCR and PFGE can be used for epidemiologic typing of CNS in a concordant fashion. Certain strains appeared to be permanent colonizers of the hematology ward or ward-related personnel. In individual patients, persistent colonization by a single type was demonstrated. However, a number of patients also experienced bacteremic episodes caused by CNS belonging to different types. CONCLUSION:We conclude that monitoring of CNS infections on a hematology ward by various genotypic techniques provides insight into nosocomial epidemiology and elucidates the complexity of the infections taking place. DNA typing is preferred over phenotypic procedures and can identify persistent CNS strains in a given location.
journal_name
Infect Control Hosp Epidemioljournal_title
Infection control and hospital epidemiologyauthors
van Belkum A,Kluijtmans J,van Leeuwen W,Goessens W,ter Averst E,Wielenga J,Verbrugh Hsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-10-01 00:00:00pages
660-7issue
10eissn
0899-823Xissn
1559-6834pii
S0195941700002964journal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine glove use and handwashing practices, the factors associated with infection control practices, and the frequency of potential microbial transmission in a long-term-care facility (LTCF). DESIGN:Observational study of 230 staff-resident interactions in an LTCF. We recorded resident characteristics...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647562
更新日期:1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hospital-wide attack rate for Clostridium difficile-associated diarrhea at our tertiary-care university hospital was 0.02 per 100 patient discharges (0.02%) in 1982, but 0.41% and 1.47% in 1986 and 1987, respectively, with a peak incidence of 2.25% in the fourth quarter of 1987. Hospital antibiotic usage patterns ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646173
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::With use of the Nationwide Inpatient Sample, we conducted a study to determine whether rates of Clostridium difficile infection for delivery-associated hospitalizations are increasing. From 1998 to 2006, the number and incidence of C. difficile infection among peripartum women increased significantly. These increases ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/652454
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE Contaminated hands of healthcare workers (HCWs) are an important source of transmission of healthcare-associated infections. Alcohol-based hand sanitizers, while effective, do not provide sustained antimicrobial activity. The objective of this study was to compare the immediate and persistent activity of 2 h...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1017/ice.2017.293
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate and control an outbreak of colonization and infection caused by vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) in a burn intensive care unit (BICU). DESIGN:Epidemiological investigation, including multiple point-prevalence culture surveys of patients and environment, cultures from hands of healthcare ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501806
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate the potential role of blood pressure (BP) cuffs in the spread of bacterial infections in hospitals. DESIGN:A comprehensive, prospective study quantitatively and qualitatively evaluating the bacterial contamination on BP cuffs of 203 sphygmomanometers in use in 18 hospital units from January th...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/507284
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hand hygiene noncompliance is a major cause of nosocomial infection. Nosocomial infection cost data exist, but the effect of hand hygiene noncompliance is unknown. OBJECTIVE:To estimate methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-related cost of an incident of hand hygiene noncompliance by a healthca...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/651096
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the impact of the screening test, nursing workload, handwashing rates, and dependence of handwashing on risk level of patient visit on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) transmission among hospitalized patients. SETTING:General medical ward. METHODS:Monte Carlo simulation was us...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502589
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The perioperative use of antibiotics is an established and accepted technique for the prevention of postoperative infection. Intravenous administration often is preferred, and intramuscular administration is possible, although it has certain drawbacks. This article examines a variety of other routes of administration ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1086/647366
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe an outbreak of imipenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (IR-Ab) and the measures for its control, and to investigate risk factors for IR-Ab acquisition. DESIGN:An observational and a case-control study. SETTING:A surgical intensive care unit (ICU) in a university tertiary care hospital. METHO...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501822
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Describe an outbreak of influenza A (H3N2); provide an analysis of vaccine efficacy; measure the sensitivity, specificity, and positive predictive value of 3 clinical case definitions of influenza. SETTING:A nursing home in Washington County, Maryland. The outbreak involved 52 residents (attack rate = 47.7%...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646479
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To study risk factors for the highly variable local colonization rates with unrelated Enterobacter species strains previously found in 22 Swedish neonatal units (0% to 32.4% of the infants). PATIENTS AND SETTING:The fecal Enterobacter species carriage rates among 953 infants in the 22 special-care neonatal u...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/646641
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:States have established public reporting of hospital-associated (HA) infections-including those of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA)-but do not account for hospital case mix or postdischarge events. OBJECTIVE:Identify facility-level characteristics associated with HA-MRSA infection admissio...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/678069
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether hydrogen peroxide vapor (HPV) decontamination can reduce environmental contamination with and nosocomial transmission of Clostridium difficile. DESIGN:A prospective before-after intervention study. SETTING:A hospital affected by an epidemic strain of C. difficile. INTERVENTION:Intensiv...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/589906
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To describe the epidemiology and the interventions used to control two methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) epidemics involving 46 infants with two fatalities in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). SETTING:A 50-bed, level III NICU in a university hospital. INTERVENTIONS:After traditional in...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/647285
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Despite contact isolation precautions for patients with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), MRSA infections are increasing in many countries. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the role of a potential unrecognized reservoir of MRSA carried by patients in acute care wards, we determined the prevalence of ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502514
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To identify variables contributing to interfacility differences in mortality among residents of long-term care facilities who have lower respiratory tract infection. DESIGN:Multicenter, prospective, 1-year observational study. SETTING:Twenty-one long-term care facilities in 4 geographic areas of Canada. PA...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1086/590123
更新日期:2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Data on the resources and staff compensation of hospital epidemiology and infection control (HEIC) departments are limited and do not reflect current roles and responsibilities, including the public reporting of healthcare-associated infections. This study aimed to obtain information to assist HEIC profession...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/650199
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Social media, prevention of healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) and antimicrobial stewardship (ASP) each impact every area of medicine. Independently, each have power to change medicine, however, synergistically, the impact could be transformative. Given the profound clinical, financial, and public health impact o...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1017/ice.2019.231
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutaraldehyde (pentanedial) is a dialdehyde that displays potent bactericidal, fungicidal, mycobactericidal, sporicidal, and virucidal activity. Pertinent to its activity is its interaction with amino groups in proteins and enzymes, but this simplistic statement masks the manner in which it inactivates various types ...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1086/646845
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Older adults often have atypical presentation of illness and are particularly vulnerable to influenza and its sequelae, making the validity of influenza case definitions particularly relevant. We sought to assess the performance of influenza-like illness (ILI) and severe acute respiratory illness (SARI) crite...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2020.22
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the effectiveness of infection control strategies to reduce transmission of vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE), a cohort study was performed in a university hospital. Contact precautions alone were not effective in reducing transmission of VRE. Strict isolation of affected patients in private rooms, i...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/513024
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To analyze the secular trends of candidemia in a large tertiary-care hospital to determine the overall incidence, as well as the incidence by ward and by species, and to detect the occurrence of outbreaks. DESIGN:Retrospective descriptive analysis. Secular trends were calculated using the Mantel-Haenszel tes...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/502582
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey was conducted in laboratories across Canada to determine rates of compliance with recommended safety precautions against exposure to bloodborne pathogens and the rationale for current behaviors. Laboratory workers reported high rates of exposure to bodily fluids and poor rates of compliance with personal prot...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/524325
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy of a multifaceted hospitalwide quality improvement program that featured an intervention to remind physicians to remove unnecessary urinary catheters. METHODS:A hospitalwide preintervention-postintervention study was conducted over 2 years (July 1, 2004, through June 30, 2006). The i...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/518453
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVETo evaluate probiotics for the primary prevention of Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) among hospital inpatients.DESIGNA before-and-after quality improvement intervention comparing 12-month baseline and intervention periods.SETTINGA 694-bed teaching hospital.INTERVENTIONWe administered a multispecies prob...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2018.76
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE To analyze whether electronically available comorbid conditions are risk factors for Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)-defined, hospital-onset Clostridium difficile infection (CDI) after controlling for antibiotic and gastric acid suppression therapy use. PATIENTS Patients aged ≥18 years admit...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2018.10
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate prospectively the clinical course and risk factors for ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) and the impact of VAT on intensive care unit (ICU) morbidity and mortality. DESIGN:Prospective cohort study. SETTING:University Hospital Larissa, Larissa, Greece. PATIENTS:Critical care patie...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/671274
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine whether electronically available comorbidities and laboratory values on admission are risk factors for hospital-onset Clostridioides difficile infection (HO-CDI) across multiple institutions and whether they could be used to improve risk adjustment. PATIENTS:All patients at least 18 years of age...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1017/ice.2020.1344
更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the motivating and behavioral factors responsible for improving compliance with hand washing among physicians. DESIGN:Five unobtrusive, observational studies recording hand washing after direct patient contact, with study results reported to physicians. SETTING:A 450-bed hospital in a health ma...
journal_title:Infection control and hospital epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1086/501965
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00