Abstract:
:Therapeutic strategies for the treatment of acute retroviral infections have relied mainly on antiviral drugs. In this study we used the Friend virus model system to demonstrate that enhancement of the immune system can also have dramatic therapeutic effects. Since resistance to Friend virus-induced leukemia in mice is associated with T helper cell type 1 (Th1) immune responses, we enhanced these responses in susceptible mice by treatment with synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing unmethylated CpG motifs (CpG-ODN). Treatments begun at 4 days postinfection increased recovery from 6% in the control group to 74% in the CpG-treated group. CpG-mediated recovery was associated with a significant reduction of viral loads in the blood and spleens of treated mice compared to those of control animals. The treatment promoted Th1-type cytokine production by splenocytes of Friend virus-infected mice and augmented Friend virus-specific cytotoxic T-cell responses, but no influence on the virus-specific neutralizing antibody response was observed. Friend virus-specific CD8(+) T cells were critical for effective treatment with CpG-ODN, since in vivo depletion of these cells from treated mice prevented their recovery. Our results demonstrate that CpG-ODN therapy can significantly enhance virus-specific cellular immune responses and prevent retrovirus-induced disease. These findings may have implications for antiviral therapy in general.
journal_name
J Viroljournal_title
Journal of virologyauthors
Olbrich AR,Schimmer S,Heeg K,Schepers K,Schumacher TN,Dittmer Udoi
10.1128/jvi.76.22.11397-11404.2002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-11-01 00:00:00pages
11397-404issue
22eissn
0022-538Xissn
1098-5514journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The US3 protein kinase of herpes simplex virus 1 blocks apoptosis induced by replication-incompetent virus mutants, proapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family of proteins, and by a variety of other agents that act at the premitochondrial level in the proapoptotic cascade. To define the role of US3 in blocking apoptosis ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00820-07
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular and viral factors participate in the replication cycle of rotavirus. We report that the guanine nucleotide exchange factor GBF1, which activates the small GTPase Arf1 to induce COPI transport processes, is required for rotavirus replication since knocking down GBF1 expression by RNA interference or inhibiting...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01062-19
更新日期:2019-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::Polyomavirus large T antigen is phosphorylated on both serine and threonine residues at a ratio of approximately 6 to 1. This phosphorylation could be resolved into a series of nine Staphylococcus aureus V8 phosphopeptides. All of these were found in an N-terminal chymotryptic fragment with a molecular weight of 57,00...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.61.4.1155-1163.1987
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of the influenza A virus panhandle structure formed from the 3'- and 5'-terminal nucleotides of virion RNA segments was studied in both an RNA polymerase binding assay and an in vitro transcription assay. Despite recent indications that promoter activity is simply a function of the 3'-terminal sequence of vir...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.68.6.4092-4096.1994
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::H5N1 and H9N2 avian influenza virus subtypes top the World Health Organization's list for the greatest pandemic potential. Inactivated H5N1 vaccines induce limited immune responses and, in the case of live-attenuated influenza virus vaccines (LAIV), there are safety concerns regarding the possibility of reassortment b...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02490-12
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::V3-glycan-targeting broadly neutralizing antibodies (bNAbs) are a focus of HIV-1 vaccine development. Understanding the viral dynamics that stimulate the development of these antibodies can provide insights for immunogen design. We used a deep-sequencing approach, together with neutralization phenotyping, to investiga...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00828-17
更新日期:2017-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::Despite reports of viral genetic defects in persons who control human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) in the absence of antiviral therapy, the extent to which such defects contribute to the long-term containment of viremia is not known. Most previous studies examining for such defects have involved small numbers...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00535-08
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Viral particles purified from species of the protozoan parasite Leishmania braziliensis subsp. guyanensis by centrifugation in CsCl gradients were examined for the presence of viral polymerase. We demonstrated that RNA-dependent RNA polymerase is associated with viral particles. Viral transcription was studied in vitr...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.64.8.3712-3715.1990
更新日期:1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A member of the family Circoviridae, porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV2), is associated with postweaning multisystemic wasting syndrome (PMWS), a recent emerging disease worldwide. PCV2 is also found in clinically asymptomatic animals. This paradoxical finding makes the syndrome etiology challenging. We developed new ass...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.05156-11
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV) is an emerging pathogen and is the causative infectious agent of Kaposi sarcoma and two malignancies of B cell origin. To date, there is no licensed KSHV vaccine. Development of an effective vaccine against KSHV continues to be limited by a poor understanding of how the vir...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00630-19
更新日期:2019-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::The genome of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is a linear, double-stranded molecule of DNA composed of a long (L) region covalently linked to a short (S) region. The S region is capable of inverting relative to a fixed orientation of the L region, giving rise to two equimolar populations. We have investigated other forms...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.56.1.194-200.1985
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To clarify hematological abnormalities following infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), we examined the hematopoietic capability of bone marrow by using cynomolgus monkeys infected with pathogenic simian/human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) strain C2/1, an animal model of HIV infection. The relationship bet...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.78.20.10906-10910.2004
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three tegument proteins of human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), ppUL82 (pp71), pUL69, and ppUL83 (pp65), were examined for the ability to stimulate the production of infectious virus from human diploid fibroblasts transfected with viral DNA. Although viral DNA alone had a low intrinsic infectivity of 3 to 8 plaques/microg of...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.71.6.4400-4408.1997
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bluetongue virus (BTV), a member of the Reoviridae family, is an insect-borne animal pathogen. Virus release from infected cells is predominantly by cell lysis, but some BTV particles are also released from the plasma membrane. The nonstructural protein NS3 has been implicated in this process. Using alternate initiato...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.02352-10
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human cytomegalovirus UL4 gene encodes a 48-kDa glycoprotein, expression of which is repressed at the translational level by a short upstream open reading frame (uORF2) within the UL4 transcript leader. Mutation of the uORF2 initiation codon in the viral genome eliminates ribosomal stalling at the uORF2 terminatio...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.75.15.7188-7192.2001
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::A functional preinitiation transcription complex was formed by incubating vaccinia virus early transcription factor VETF and RAP94+ RNA polymerase with an early promoter template immobilized on paramagnetic particles. A preferred order of assembly, VETF followed by RNA polymerase, was demonstrated by stepwise addition...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.68.9.6052-6056.1994
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6) has a tropism for T lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages, suggesting that HHV-6 infection affects the immunosurveillance system. In the present study, we investigated the HHV-6-induced phenotypic and functional alterations of dendritic cells (DCs), which are professional antigen-presenting...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.76.20.10338-10345.2002
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies with the herpes simplex virus type 1 X type 2 intertypic recombinant RS6 suggested that the genomic region from 0.11 to 0.14 map units is involved in neurovirulence (R. T. Javier, R. L. Thompson, and J. G. Stevens, J. Virol. 61:1978-1984, 1987). To study this further, we isolated an RS6-derived herpes...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.62.4.1381-1387.1988
更新日期:1988-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a respiratory paramyxovirus of global clinical relevance. Despite the substantial knowledge generated during the last 10 years about hMPV infection, information regarding the activation of the immune response against this virus remains largely unknown. In this study, we demonstrated tha...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.01213-12
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::SERINC5 is a 10-transmembrane-domain cellular protein that is incorporated into budding HIV-1 particles and reduces HIV-1 infectivity by inhibiting virus-cell fusion. HIV-1 susceptibility to SERINC5 is determined by sequences in the viral Env glycoprotein gp120, and the antiviral effect of SERINC5 is counteracted by t...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00594-20
更新日期:2020-09-29 00:00:00
abstract::In 1997, an H5N1 influenza virus outbreak occurred in chickens in Hong Kong, and the virus was transmitted directly to humans. Because there is limited information about the avian influenza virus reservoir in that region, we genetically characterized virus strains isolated in Hong Kong during the 1997 outbreak. We seq...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/jvi.74.14.6309-6315.2000
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested whether the selection of target sites can be manipulated by fusing retroviral integrase with a sequence-specific DNA-binding protein. A hybrid protein that has the Escherichia coli LexA protein fused to the C terminus of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 integrase was constructed. The fusion protein, I...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.70.1.37-46.1996
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have developed a complementation assay, using transiently transfected COS cells, to facilitate a molecular analysis of the herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoprotein gH. When infected by a gH-null syncytial virus, COS cells expressing wild-type gH generate infectious progeny virions and form a syncytium with neighbor...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.68.11.6985-6993.1994
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::West Nile virus (WNV), currently the cause of a serious U.S. epidemic, is a mosquito-borne flavivirus and member of the Japanese encephalitis (JE) serocomplex. There is currently no approved human WNV vaccine, and treatment options remain limited, resulting in significant mortality and morbidity from human infection. ...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00480-13
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Molluscs, comprising one of the most successful phyla, lack clear evidence of adaptive immunity and yet thrive in the oceans, which are rich in viruses. There are thought to be nearly 120,000 species of Mollusca, most living in marine habitats. Despite the extraordinary abundance of viruses in oceans, molluscs often h...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1128/JVI.00287-15
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif recruits a cellular ubiquitin ligase complex to degrade antiviral APOBEC3 enzymes (APOBEC3C-H) and PP2A phosphatase regulators (PPP2R5A to PPP2R5E). While APOBEC3 antagonism is the canonical function of HIV-1 Vif, this viral accessory protein is also known to trigger G2/...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00631-20
更新日期:2020-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::The transmission bottleneck is defined as the number of viral particles that transmit from one host to establish an infection in another. Genome sequence data have been used to evaluate the size of the transmission bottleneck between humans infected with the influenza virus; however, the methods used to make these est...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.00014-20
更新日期:2020-06-16 00:00:00
abstract::Particular interest in human T lymphocyte lymphoma/leukemia virus (HTLV) derives from the close association of HTLV with several types of human mature T lymphocyte malignancies and the strong possibility that HTLV is the causative agent of this group of leukemias and lymphomas. This is the first report to show that HT...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.53.2.440-446.1985
更新日期:1985-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:We searched The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database for viruses by comparing non-human reads present in transcriptome sequencing (RNA-Seq) and whole-exome sequencing (WXS) data to viral sequence databases. Human papillomavirus 18 (HPV18) is an etiologic agent of cervical cancer, and as expected, we found rob...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.03365-14
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Structural differences between human leukocyte virus-induced interferon and human fibroblast polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid (rIn-rCn)-induced interferon have been noted in previous studies. This study reports the behavior of human leukocyte and fibroblast interferon, induced by virus and by rIn-rCn, in several lectin...
journal_title:Journal of virology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/JVI.16.5.1124-1130.1975
更新日期:1975-11-01 00:00:00