Abstract：
:After the initial discovery of neuropilin-1 as an epitope on axons recognized by a monoclonal antibody, neuropilins were rediscovered in the search for receptors mediating the repulsive actions of class 3 Semaphorins, notably Sema3A. Neuropilins are the ligand binding moieties in the class 3 Semaphorin receptor complexes, with the signaling moieties apparently provided by members of the plexin family. In their capacity as Semaphorin receptors, neuropilins have been shown to transduce repulsive guidance signals that direct a large variety of cell migration and axon guidance events. We summarize their demonstrated roles in driving axon fasciculation, channeling various axonal populations, inhibiting axonal branching, creating exclusion zones for axons, and providing directional guidance cues by being presented in gradients. In addition to their roles in repulsive axon guidance, evidence is accumulating that neuropilins also transduce some attractive guidance functions of Semaphorins.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Bagri A,Tessier-Lavigne Msubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-01-01 00:00:00pages
13-31eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
515pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:MP4CO, developed by Sangart Inc. (San Diego, CA), is a pegylated human hemoglobin-based carbon monoxide (CO) delivery agent and oxygen therapeutic that has shown potential to prevent and reverse red cell sickling. A double blind, comparator controlled, dose-escalation, Phase 1b study was conducted to assess the safety...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-38810-6_3
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The protective role of alpha 2-macroglobulin, alpha 1-antitrypsin and Aprotinin against trypsin-induced effects on C3 and kininogen was studied in a human in vitro model. When human cationic trypsin was added to human serum or plasma, there was a gradual saturation of alpha 2-macroglobulin and later of alpha 1-antitry...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-9355-3_42
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Type 1 diabetes is a chronic disease characterized by severe insulin deficiency and hyperglycemia, due to autoimmune destruction of pancreatic islets of Langerhans. A susceptible genetic background is necessary, but not sufficient, for the development of the disease. Epidemiological and clinical observations underscor...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-5441-0_16
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Metabolism of fuels is driven by the energy demand of the organism and its regulation is influenced by many hormonal and metabolic factors. Insulin is of utmost importance in regulating glucose metabolism by promoting glucose uptake in the insulin-sensitive tissues for energy consumption and/or storage. The effects of...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-2910-1_11
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heparan sulphate (HS) is a linear glycosaminoglycan found ubiquitously on the surface and in the pericellular matrix of metazoan cells that is covalently attached to core proteins to form HS proteoglycans. HS interacts specifically with a large number (> 100) of extracellular regulatory proteins, many of which are key...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/0-306-46832-8_7
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One fascinating aspect of glucocorticoid signaling is their broad range of physiological and pharmacological effects. These effects are at least in part a consequence of transcriptional regulation by the glucocorticoid receptor (GR). Activation of GR by glucocorticoids results in tissue-specific changes in gene expres...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4939-2895-8_3
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The structural similarity of cholesterol oxidation products (COP) to native cholesterol and their xenobiotic effects prompt researchers to study the long-term effects of the assimilation of these compounds into our tissues. COP are present in our food system. The level of exposure changes as our food products and our ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review examines the monooxygenase, peroxidase and peroxygenase properties and reaction mechanisms of cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes in bacterial, archaeal and mammalian systems. CYP enzymes catalyze monooxygenation reactions by inserting one oxygen atom from O2 into an enormous number and variety of substrates. Th...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-16009-2_1
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The level of illness acceptance correlates positively with compliance to the doctor's recommendations, and negatively with the frequency and intensity of complications of chronic diseases. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of the clinical condition on the level of illness acceptance, and to find...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/5584_2014_47
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is the main method of psychotherapy generally accepted in the field of substance addiction and non-substance addiction. This chapter mainly introduces the methods and technology of cognitive-behavior therapy of substance addiction, especially in order to prevent relapse. In the cogni...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-10-5562-1_16
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ascidians possess relatively small and compact genomes. This feature enables us to easily isolate cis-regulatory DNAs of genes of interest. Particularly, cis-regulatory DNAs of genes showing tissue- or cell-type-specific expression are routinely used for the artificial induction of gene expression. This strategy helps...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-10-7545-2_6
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Before a messenger RNA (mRNA) is translated into a protein in the cytoplasm, its pre-mRNA precursor is extensively processed through capping, splicing and polyadenylation in the nucleus. Defects in the processing of pre-mRNAs due to mutations in RNA sequences often cause disease. Traditional small molecules or protein...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4939-1221-6_9
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The relationship between oxygen concentrations in arteries, cytosol, and mitochondria and high energy phosphate metabolism was studied in perfused rat hearts subjected to low and high workloads during gradual hypoxia. PCr, ATP, and Pi were measured by 31P-NMR. Myoglobin oxygenation and cytochrome aa3 oxidation were me...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-8181-5_50
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intrarenal tissue hypoxia is an acknowledged common pathway to end-stage renal disease in clinically common conditions associated with development of chronic kidney disease, such as diabetes and hypertension. In diabetic kidneys, increased oxygen metabolism mediated by mitochondrial uncoupling results in decreased kid...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-7411-1_2
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The survival of three-dimensional tissue requires a vascular network to provide transport of oxygen and metabolic byproduct. Here, we report a new approach to create capillary blood vessels in vitro on biomaterials suitable for use as scaffolds in engineering tissues. Endothelial cells were cultured on chemical and to...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-74911-2_23
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Serotonin or 5-HT is a biogenic amine present in the carotid body (CB) of several species as evidenced in many immunocytochemical studies and in a few biochemical measurements. Early literature on 5-HT actions in the CB in all studied species has lead to the conclusion that it does not participate in the setting of co...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-94-007-4584-1_35
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among the vast array of niche exploitation strategies exhibited by millions of different species on Earth, parasitic lifestyles are characterized by extremely successful evolutionary outcomes. Some parasites even seem to have the ability to 'control' their host's behavior to fulfill their own vital needs. Research eff...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-94-007-7347-9_9
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:One thousand sera, not previously tested for ANCA, were assayed for C-ANCA and anti-alpha-granule antibody. There was low concordance (23%) between the two assays in terms of positivity. Each assay gave a positive predictive value for systemic vasculitis excluding SLE and other connective-tissue diseases) of not more ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-9182-2_45
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Deacetylation of histones is required for gene regulation and cell cycle progression and the mediators, the histone deacetylases, are being vigorously pursued as drug targets for cancer chemotherapy. The deacetylases are also potential drug targets against infectious diseases and genome sequencing revealed proteins of...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-77570-8_7
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Analysis of Google influenza-like-illness (ILI) search queries has shown a strongly correlated pattern with Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Prevention seasonal ILI reporting data. Web and social media provide another resource to detect increases in ILI. This paper evaluates trends in blog posts that discuss infl...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-5913-3_61
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was designed to assess risk for retinal toxicity associated with administration of high-dose sildenafil citrate to dogs heterozygous for a functionally null mutation in Pde6a over a 4-month period. Three Pde6a +/- dogs were administered 14.3 mg/kg sildenafil per os and two Pde6a +/- dogs placebo once daily ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-27378-1_61
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, we can come to a number of meaningful conclusions regarding chronic exposure to hypobaric hypoxia in rats (refer to Figure 1). First, despite an increased hematocrit, and thus increased oxygen carrying capacity, regional cerebral blood flow is elevated after 4 weeks of chronic hypobaric hypoxia. This eleva...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5643-1_52
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We compared muscle oxygen saturation (SmO2) responses in several leg muscles and within a single muscle during ramp cycling exercise between elderly men (n = 8; age, 65 ± 3 years; ELD) and young men (n = 10; age, 23 ± 3 years; YNG). SmO2 was monitored at the distal site of the vastus lateralis (VLd), proximal site of ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-7411-1_22
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have developed a new model for coronavirus transcription, which we call discontinuous extension, to explain how subgenome-length negatives stands are derived directly from the genome. The current model called leader-primed transcription, which states that subgenomic mRNA is transcribed directly from genome-length n...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-1899-0_79
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sodium bisulfite is a food and beverage additive. It is also a salt of the urban air pollutant, sulfur dioxide. Bisulfite catalyzes, at neutral pH and physiological temperatures, the transamination reactions of cytosine derivatives with amines. The products of the reactions are N4-substituted cytosines. Both the alpha...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-3282-4_37
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholesterol-protein interactions play a critical role in lipid metabolism and maintenance of cell integrity. To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying these interactions, a growing number of studies have focused on determining the crystal structures of a variety of proteins complexed with cholesterol. These inc...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-14265-0_3
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently, a role for SUMO modification outside of the nucleus has emerged. Although the number of extranuclear proteins known to be sumoylated is comparatively small, ion channels represent one important new class of these proteins. Ion channels are responsible for the control of membrane excitability and therefore ar...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-50044-7_8
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The kainate-type glutamate receptor displays strong modulation by monovalent anions and cations. This modulation is independent of permeation of the ion channel. Instead, structural, computational and biophysical evidence shows that receptor activity is controlled by binding of sodium and chloride ions at sites that s...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-9557-5_9
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A solid phase adsorption experiment was performed to detect anti-ETA alpha(NY5 strain ETA) nonneutralizing antibody. Toxin was applied to the Protein A-Sepharose column retaining IgG bound after pretreatment with test serum. Mitogenic activity recovered in the effluent and in the eluate containing the IgG was measured...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4899-1825-3_216
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:T cell clones are useful models for studying lymphocyte function both at the level of the individual cell and in interacting systems. Murine cytolytic and non- cytolyic T cell clones have been obtained with relative ease, and the particular procedure used to derive and maintain T cell clones may influence profoundly t...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-9376-8_20
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
