Abstract：
:Hypomethylation signifies one end of a spectrum of DNA methylation states. In most cases hypomethylation refers to a relative state that represents a change from the "normal" methylation level. Hypomethylation, when approached from a topographical perspective, has been used to describe either overall decreases in the methylation status of the entire genome (global hypomethylation) or more localized relative demethylation of specific subsets of the genome, such as the promoter regions of protooncogenes or normally highly methylated repetitive sequences. Global hypomethylation accompanied by gene-specific hypermethylation is observed in at least two important settings: cancer and aging. Global hypomethylation is generally reflective of decreased methylation in CpGs dispersed throughout repetitive sequences as well as the bodies of genes. Hypomethylation of repetitive and parasitic DNA sequences correlates with a number of adverse outcomes. For example, decreased methylation of repetitive sequences in the satellite DNA of the pericentric region of chromosomes is associated with increased chromosomal rearrangements, a hallmark of cancer. Decreased methylation of proviral sequences can lead to reactivation and increased infectivity. However, hypomethylation in cancer can also affect the CpGs in the promoters of specific genes-namely, protooncogenes-leading to their overexpression and resulting in the functional outcome of increased cell proliferation. Thus, hypomethylation, in a variety of settings in which it represents a deviation from "normal," appears to correlate with progression to cancer and offers potential mechanisms to explain the carcinogenic process.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Dunn BKdoi
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb05960.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-03-01 00:00:00pages
28-42eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
983pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:A lactocrine mechanism for delivery of maternally derived relaxin (RLX) into the neonatal circulation as a consequence of nursing has been proposed for the pig. Consistently, immunoreactive porcine RLX was detected in colostrum as well as in the serum of nursing pigs. Concentrations of porcine RLX in milk are highest ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03822.x
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As insulin is a major autoantigen in autoimmune diabetes and because the insulin gene region locus in humans has been linked to diabetes risk, we have bred insulin gene knockouts onto the NOD mouse. Mice differ from humans in terms that they express two nonallelic genes of insulin. Insulin 2 is the murine homologue of...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1288.027
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cerebrovascular deposition of amyloid is a frequent observation in Alzheimer's disease patients. It can also be detected sporadically in normal aged individuals and is further found in familial diseases linked to specific gene mutations. The source and mechanism of this pathology are still unknown. It has been suggest...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06381.x
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nature and regulation of juvenile hormone (JH) biosynthesis have been investigated in isolated corpora allata (CA) of adult males and females, and larvae of the tomato moth Lacanobia oleracea (Noctuidae). Larval CA (Vth day 1 to VIth day 1) appear to synthesize JH at very low rates (< 0.5 fmol/pr/h). This synthesi...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb07903.x
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The amyloid-beta protein (A beta), strongly implicated in the etiology of Alzheimer's disease (AD), is formed from the amyloid-beta precursor protein (APP) through sequential proteolysis by beta- and gamma-secretases. Cleavage by gamma-secretase takes place within the middle of the single transmembrane region of APP a...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06922.x
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nanofluids consisting of nanometer-sized particles dispersed in base liquids are known to be effective in extending the saturated boiling regime and critical heat flux in pool boiling. The heat transfer characteristics of nanosilica suspensions with particle sizes of 10 and 20 nm in pool boiling with a suspended heati...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.04334.x
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have generated a transgenic rat model of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A) providing formal proof that this neuropathy can be caused by increased expression of peripheral myelin protein-22 (PMP22). Heterozygous PMP22-transgenic rats develop muscle weakness and gait abnormalities as well as reduced nerve c...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-09-14 00:00:00
abstract：:The constitution of platelet-fibrin(ogen) contacts, the separation of the platelets initially aggregated, and the rearrangement of the platelet cytoskeleton during clot formation (0.5 to 60 minutes after thrombin stimulation) were investigated using ultrastructural and immunocytochemical techniques. After aggregation,...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03529.x
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activation of cyclic nucleotide-gated (CNG) channels represents the final step in the transduction pathways in both vision and olfaction. Over the past several years, CNG channels have been found in a variety of other cell types where they might fulfill various physiological functions. The olfactory and photoreceptor ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb11352.x
更新日期：1999-04-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Sensorimotor learning requires knowledge of the relationship between movements and sensory effects: a sensorimotor map. Generally, these mappings are not innate but have to be learned. During learning, the challenge is to build a continuous map from a set of discrete observations, that is, predict locations of novel t...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/nyas.13608
更新日期：2018-03-03 00:00:00
abstract：:The general aim of this experiment was to investigate the processes involved in reading musical notation and to study the relationship between written music and its auditory representation. Our main interest was to determine if musicians can develop expectancies for plausible or implausible auditory events on the sole...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1284.028
更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent years have witnessed an explosive growth in available biological data. This includes a tremendous quantity of sequence data (e.g., biological structures, genetic and physical maps, pathways) generated by genome and transcriptome projects focused on humans, mice, and a multitude of other species. Diabetes resear...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1337.035
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The search for molecules on the surface of mammalian sperm that are responsible for the binding of sperm to the zona pellucida has led to the identification of a number of different surface proteins. Different experimental approaches have been used to identify these proteins and the strength of the evidence for their ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb27332.x
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sodium channels from rat and rabbit skeletal muscle have been isolated, characterized, and functionally reconstituted. These channel proteins closely resemble those purified from the eel electroplax and from rat brain. Work now in progress on the determination of the primary sequence of the 260 kDa subunit through the...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1986.tb15569.x
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have presented evidence indicating that P2-purinergic receptors may activate the polyphosphoinositide-phospholipase C in HL60 cells via the mediation of a pertussis-toxin-sensitive GTP-binding protein, which also mediates the actions of chemotactic peptide receptors in these and other phagocytic white blood cells. ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb22339.x
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Piracetam and structurally related nootropics are known to potentiate the anticonvulsant effects of antiepileptic drugs. It remains to be seen, however, whether these nootropics inhibit proconvulsant actions of many toxic agents including Ro 5-4864, a specific agonist for peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptors (PBR)...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1316.017
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We and others recently showed that fever induced by intravenously or intraperitoneally injected lipopolysaccharide (LPS) may involve brain signaling via hepatic vagal afferents. This suggests that LPS fever may be initiated by mediators released mainly by cells in the liver, presumably macrophages (Kupffer cells, Kc)....
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb08318.x
更新日期：1998-09-29 00:00:00
abstract：:In patients with Ménière's disease (MD), caloric testing can show, depending on the stage and activity of the disease, a variety of results. Between attacks, many, or perhaps even most, patients with unilateral early or mild MD have normal caloric tests; late MD can show abnormalities ranging from mild to severe unila...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/nyas.12687
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the pancreatic islets, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) is expressed in beta cells and autonomic nerve terminals; the majority of these nerve terminals are parasympathetic. PACAP binds to three types of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs): VPAC1 receptors, VPAC2 receptors, and PAC1 recepto...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1418.003
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cyclosporin A (CsA) is an immunosuppressive drug commonly given to transplant patients. Its application is accompanied by severe side effects related to calcium, among them hypertension and nephrotoxicity. The Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) is a major calcium regulator expressed in the surface membrane of all excitable and ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1387.046
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The inflammatory response in the lungs following an inhalation exposure of animals and humans to ozone (O3) is associated with macrophage stimulation, release of chemotactic agents, and neutrophilia. This study investigated the adhesive behavior of the alveolar macrophages and its relevance to the inflammatory process...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb32565.x
更新日期：1996-10-31 00:00:00
abstract：:The loop between transmembrane helices 6 and 7 (L6/7) of P-type ATPases has been suggested to be important for the functional linkage of ion binding and enzyme phosphorylation or to be a site of initial cation binding. To investigate the role of L6/7 in Na,K-ATPase, alanine substitutions were made for charged and cons...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07144.x
更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Curcumin (Cur), the golden yellow phenolic compound in turmeric, is well studied for its medicinal properties. In the current investigation, Cur dissolved using sodium hydroxide solution (CurNa) was tested for in vitro complement inhibitory activity and compared with rosmarinic acid (RA) and quercetin (Qur) dissolved ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1352.007
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Within the past few years, developmental scientists have switched their attention from the study of DNA sequencing to the epigenetic state of the genome. Studying epigenetics could present the key to understanding gene expression changes without altering the basic structure of DNA. For example, the blastocyst, trophec...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05937.x
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pharmacological actions of methamphetamine (METH) and phencyclidine (PCP) are different, but both of them can induce similar psychiatric disorders including abuse, intoxication, withdrawal, and psychotic symptoms like those of schizophrenia. These mental disorders are caused not only by their direct pharmacological ef...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1316.007
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A radioimmunoassay method (RIA) with specific antisera for human and rat alpha fetoprotein (AFP) was used to study the evolution of AFP levels in humans and rats, respectively, throughout the life span. Sera of 66 rats, aged 3-70 weeks, as well as sera of 201 clinically well children, 192 healthy blood donors, and 16...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb25398.x
更新日期：1975-08-22 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of important themes emerge from our compartmental analyses of Na,K-ATPase biosynthesis in response to ionic stimuli. The ubiquitous alpha 1 beta 1 type sodium pump evolved to generate and maintain transmembrane Na+ and K+ gradients, and there are cell-type specific mechanisms of increasing synthesis and decre...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb43793.x
更新日期：1992-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite a globally uniform increase in the concentrations of emitted greenhouse gases, radiatively forced surface warming can have significant spatial variations. These define warming patterns that depend on preexisting climate states and through atmospheric and oceanic dynamics can drive changes of the hydrological c...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.14335
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:These studies demonstrate that photochemotherapy can be successfully evaluated in animal models. The therapy mediates specific suppression of immune responses and appears to operate at the level of the effector T cells. Future studies will focus on isolation and characterization of the host response to photochemothera...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1991.tb33457.x
更新日期：1991-12-30 00:00:00
abstract：:The psychostimulant 3,4-,ethylenedioxymethamphetamine (MDMA, "ecstasy") is known to induce hyperthermia and alterations in neurochemical metabolism in the CNS. However, the detailed cellular or molecular mechanisms behind MDMA-induced neurotoxicity are still not well known. Since MDMA induces profound hyperthermia tha...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1432.052
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
