Abstract：
:Despite a globally uniform increase in the concentrations of emitted greenhouse gases, radiatively forced surface warming can have significant spatial variations. These define warming patterns that depend on preexisting climate states and through atmospheric and oceanic dynamics can drive changes of the hydrological cycle with global-scale feedbacks. Our study reviews research progress on the hydrological cycle changes and their effects on multiscale climate variability. Overall, interannual variability is expected to become stronger in the Pacific and Indian Oceans and weaker in the Atlantic. Global monsoon rainfall is projected to increase and the wet season to lengthen despite a slowdown of atmospheric circulation. Strong variations among monsoon regions are likely to emerge, depending on surface conditions such as orography and land-sea contrast. Interdecadal climate variability is expected to modulate the globally averaged surface temperature change with pronounced anomalies in the polar and equatorial regions, leading to prolonged periods of enhanced or reduced warming. It is emphasized that advanced global observations, regional simulations, and process-level investigations are essential for improvements in understanding, predicting, and projecting the modes of climate variability, monsoon sensitivity, and energetic fluctuations in a warming climate.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Ma J,Zhou L,Foltz GR,Qu X,Ying J,Tokinaga H,Mechoso CR,Li J,Gu Xdoi
10.1111/nyas.14335subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-07-01 00:00:00pages
21-48issue
1eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
1472pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Comparative studies of proteins often face the problem of distinguishing a true orthologue (species homologue) from a paralogue (a gene duplicate). This identification task is particularly challenging for endocrine peptides and neuropeptides because they are short and usually have several invariant positions. For some...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2008.03659.x
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twenty-month-old Swiss mice were allocated into three groups: (A) control; (B) infected group; and (C) infected but treated with 5 mg of the phytocompound MMT. Mice were infected intranasally with 30 microL of 75 HA viral units. MMT markedly blunted the nasal signs of virus infection and the febrile response. Formazan...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1354.059
更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The fourth component of complement (C4) occurs in human plasma as a protein with a three polypeptide chain structure. Lately a single-chain form of C4 has been purified from human plasma by sequential steps of immunoadsorbent chromatography, gel filtration in 6 M guanidine hydrochloride, and gel filtration in 6 M guan...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb47256.x
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Calcium-dependent activator protein for secretion (CAPS) was initially identified in brain cytosol based on its ability to reconstitute calcium-triggered dense-core vesicle (DCV) exocytosis in permeable cell lines (PC12) of adrenal chromaffin origin. Current evidence indicates that CAPS functions selectively in DCV ex...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04464.x
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Apoptosis protease-activating factor-1 (Apaf-1), which plays a central role in the formation of the apoptosome, is absent or poorly expressed (because of a transcriptional silencing by methylation) in a substantial percentage of metastatic melanomas and melanoma cell lines, which are unable to activate caspase-9 and e...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1299.034
更新日期：2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The results of this study suggest that reperfusion of ischemic myocardium may lead to the peroxisomal disorder both functionally and biochemically. An alkyl glycerol such as chimyl alcohol can protect the ischemic heart from the reperfusion injury probably by enhancing the plasmalogen synthesis. ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-06-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) causes neuronal degeneration and, at a late stage, creates HIV-associated dementia (HAD) and other neurological abnormalities. Therefore, the need for neuroprotective agents is great. However, therapeutic agents that reduce HIV neurotoxicity are difficult to characterize and...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1403.010
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Membrane processes are receiving increasing attention in the scientific community and in industry because in many cases they offer a favorable alternative to processes that are not easy to achieve by conventional routes. In this context, membranes made with perfluorinated polymers are of particular interest because of...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb06002.x
更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Exposure of LLC-PK1 epithelial cell cultures to phorbol ester tumor promoters causes immediate translocation of protein kinase C-alpha (PKC-alpha) from cytosolic to membrane-associated compartments. With a very similar time course, a dramatic and sustained increase in tight junctional (paracellular) permeability occur...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05246.x
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the pituitary of mammals, the GnRH receptor (GnRHR) plays crucial roles in the neuroendocrine control of reproductive function. This receptor is specifically expressed by the gonadotrope cells scattered among the five other endocrine cell types constituting the anterior pituitary; it is also expressed in other orga...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2010.05886.x
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Persorption of large, hard, insoluble, solid particles in micrometer size range is observed with regularity. It is a normal biological effect on the food passage through the intestine. Persorbability of particles is determined by the size of the particles and by their consistency and hardness. PVC particles in microme...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb51092.x
更新日期：1975-01-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Influenza remains one of the most important causes of respiratory infection despite the widespread availability of vaccines. As effective vaccines against influenza principally rely on the induction of strain-specific neutralizing antibodies for their protective efficacy, drifted escape mutants and genetically reassor...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/nyas.12012
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Murine typhus is a cause of fever of intermediate duration in the south of Spain, where antibodies against Rickettsia typhi and Rickettsia felis were observed in humans. This study presents the first report from the northeast of Spain. Human serum samples were tested by serological test. R. typhi and R. felis seroprev...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1374.028
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to quantify the changes in cell membrane conductance in response to electropermeabilization, which may elucidate the mechanisms of tissue injury resulting from high-voltage electrical shock. A high-speed, space-clamp and voltage-clamp experimental configuration was used. The pulse paramet...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb10154.x
更新日期：1998-09-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Physicians have used various forms of antipyretic therapy since antiquity to lower the temperature of febrile patients. Nevertheless, it has yet to be determined whether the benefits of antipyretic therapy outweigh its risks. It is not known, for example, if core temperatures encountered during the febrile state ever ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1998.tb08328.x
更新日期：1998-09-29 00:00:00
abstract：:Vestibular stimulation by head accelerations always involves multisensory activation of the vestibular, somatosensory, and visual systems. Over the past few years, galvanic vestibular stimulation (GVS) has become increasingly popular for testing vestibular function for clinical and research purposes. Although GVS prov...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many features of these gastric vesicles satisfy the requirements for the gastric H+ pump. For example, we have: (a) K+ requirement, (b) KA for K+ of about 30 mM; (c) identical cation sequence for tissue and vesicles, (d) similar anion sequence, (e) localization at the microvillus of the secretory canaliculus, (f) TI+ ...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1980.tb47181.x
更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hematopoietic growth factors are glycoproteins of 15-70 kDa. Although much clinical success has been obtained using recombinant proteins produced in mammalian cell lines and in microbial fermentation processes, the full-length polypeptides necessarily are expensive to produce, require parenteral administration, and in...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03582.x
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malignancies have developed several strategies to evade immune surveillance. We have investigated pancreatic cancer cell lines and pancreatic cancer surgical specimens to evaluate possibilities of tumor escape in the Fas system, and local immune suppression. Despite Fas expression the majority of cell lines was resist...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09529.x
更新日期：1999-06-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Western lifestyle, characterized by reduced physical activity and a diet rich in fat, refined carbohydrates, and animal protein is associated with high prevalence of overweight, metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and high plasma levels of several growth factors and sex hormones. Most of these factors are associat...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1196/annals.1386.023
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phagocytes play a major role in several diseases. In particular mononuclear phagocyte-derived foam cells have a prominent role in the development of the atherosclerotic lesions. Macrophages are present in all stages of atherogenesis; they internalize lipoproteins and accumulate cholesterol. Moreover, lipid-filled macr...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb46260.x
更新日期：1997-12-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Propagation and prolongation of rapid neuronal discharge underlies the epilepsies. However, episodic focal rapid neuronal discharges limited to discrete nuclei and pathways of the amygdala-hippocampal-septal-hypothalamic networks are the language of physiologic message systems for endocrine regulation and reproductive...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb09288.x
更新日期：1999-06-29 00:00:00
abstract：:The adrenergic system has long been known to be activated in a situation of stress and thus during opiate withdrawal. A method for detoxification that decreases the stimulation of the sympathetic nervous system will prevent changes of catecholamine levels. Some of such methods have been developed. One of them uses dir...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb05205.x
更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The identification of immunologic biomarkers associated with clinical response after immune intervention for cancer is an area of intensive investigation. The field would benefit from a more systemic and directed approach for biomarker identification and evaluation. Lessons can be learned from other fields, such as ca...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04937.x
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are a heterogeneous group of inherited disorders that cause individuals to be prone to a variety of clinical manifestations, such as infections, autoimmunity, and malignancies. Early diagnosis and adequate treatment of these disorders can reduce morbidity and mortality and prov...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2011.06239.x
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite short halflife in biological fluids, nitric oxide (NO) can produce remote or long lasting effect in the cardiovascular system. Long distance transport or local storage of NO might explain these effects. In blood, recent findings suggest that in addition to being a major consumption pathway, interaction of NO w...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04063.x
更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroimaging research suggests that cerebral white matter (WM) integrity, as reflected in fractional anisotropy (FA) via diffusion tensor imaging (DTI), is decreased in older adults, especially in the prefrontal regions of the brain. Behavioral investigations of cognitive functioning suggest that some aspects of cogni...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1379.022
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Content differentiation models posit that different areas of the prefrontal cortex perform similar operations but differ in terms of the content that is operated on. For example, it has been suggested that the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC) perform similar working memory or i...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1196/annals.1401.012
更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have verified that wild birds can become conditioned to reject naturally toxic insects either visually (experiment 1) or by taste (experiment 2). We have also verified, however, that unconditioned taste rejection of noxious chemicals by wild birds also occurs (experiment 3). Such unconditioned responses to the apos...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.1985.tb27072.x
更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides (ODN) capable of "neutralizing" or "inhibiting" immune responses have been described. This review will focus on the properties of phosphorothioate ODN that mimic the immunosuppressive activity of the repetitive TTAGGG motifs present in mammalian telomeres. These TTAGGG multimers block t...
journal_title：Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1749-6632.2009.04970.x
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
