Responding for sucrose and wheel-running reinforcement: effects of sucrose concentration and wheel-running reinforcer duration.

abstract：:Three groups of 12 pigeons each were trained to discriminate between lights of 550 mmu (S(D)), correlated with 1-min variable-interval reinforcement and 570 mmu (S(Delta)), correlated with extinction. Group A was tested for wavelength generalization in extinction 1 min after meeting the discrimination criterion; Group...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Thomas DR,Burr DE

更新日期：1969-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In two experiments conducted in an eight-arm radial maze, food pellets were delivered when a photocell beam was broken at the end of each arm via a nose poke, according to either fixed-interval or random-interval schedules of reinforcement, with each arm providing a different frequency of reinforcement. The behavior o...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Elsmore TF,McBride SA

更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Head orientation during auditory discriminations was studies in squirrel monkeys using a two-lever trial-by-trial procedure. Animals were studied using auditory discriminations based on the position of the sound and on the spectral content differences between a pure tone and a noise. After the percentage of correct re...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Harrison JM,Briggs RM

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pigeons' responses in the presence of two concurrently available (initial-link) stimuli produced one of two different (terminal-link) stimuli according to identical but independent variable-interval schedules. Responses in the presence of each terminal-link stimulus produced equal frequencies of food reinforcement, bu...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Fantino E

更新日期：1968-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the effects of discriminative stimuli on choice in a highly variable environment using a procedure in which multiple two-key concurrent VI VI components changed every 10 reinforcers and were signaled by differential flashes of red and yellow keylights. Across conditions, five pigeons were exposed to a ...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Krägeloh CU,Elliffe DM,Davison M

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study compared relapse after responding was eliminated by extinction or omission training in rats. In Experiment 1, lever pressing was reinforced with food pellets in Context A and then eliminated with either extinction or omission training in Context B. The response was then tested in Contexts A and B in ...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Rey CN,Thrailkill EA,Goldberg KL,Bouton ME

更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Following pretraining with everyday objects, 10 children aged from 1 to 4 years were given common vocal tact training with a set of three pairs of arbitrary stimuli of differing shapes; Set 1. Nine children learned to tact one stimulus as "zog" and the other as "vek" in each pair, and all passed subsequent pairwise te...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Lowe CF,Horne PJ,Hughes JC

更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unsignalled, inescapable shocks were presented to four albino rats in one study and to six rats in a second study. By pressing a lever, subjects could change the condition to signalled shock for 3 min after which unsignalled shock was automatically reinstated. All subjects changed frequently to the signalled shock sch...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Badia P,Culbertson S,Harsh J

更新日期：1973-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two experiments studied the phenomenon of procrastination, in which pigeons chose a larger, more delayed response requirement over a smaller, more immediate response requirement. The response requirements were fixed-interval schedules that did not lead to an immediate food reinforcer, but that interrupted a 55-s perio...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Mazur JE

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Equivalence class formation by college students was influenced through the prior acquisition of conditional discriminative functions by one of the abstract stimuli (C) in the to-be-formed classes. Participants in the GR-0, GR-1, and GR-5 groups attempted to form classes under the simultaneous protocol, after mastering...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Nedelcu RI,Fields L,Arntzen E

更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-Evans rats were exposed to a succession of conditioned-suppression procedures involving pairings of (1) signal-shock, (2) shock-signal, and (3) a signal-shock-signal sequence in which first and second signals were at first physically identical. Traditional suppression of food-reinforced responding was obtained un...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Davis H,Memmott J,Hurwitz HM

更新日期：1976-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Operant conditioning techniques were applied to the study of how target fixations are controlled by the probability of signal occurrence. In a standard vigilance setting, gaze at three illuminable volt meters was monitored by a Mackworth television eye camera with automatic recording capability. Gaze at a given meter ...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Rosenberger PB

更新日期：1973-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The peak procedure was used to study temporal control in pigeons exposed to seven fixed-interval schedules ranging from 7.5 to 480 s. The focus was on behavior in individual intervals. Quantitative properties of temporal control depended on whether the aspect of behavior considered was initial pause duration, the poin...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Zeiler MD,Powell DG

更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Basic research with pigeons on behavioral momentum suggests that differential reinforcement of alternative behavior (DRA) can increase the resistance of target behavior to change. This finding suggests that clinical applications of DRA may inadvertently increase the persistence of target behavior even as it decreases ...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Mace FC,McComas JJ,Mauro BC,Progar PR,Taylor B,Ervin R,Zangrillo AN

更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Classic matching theory, which is based on Herrnstein's (1961) original matching equation and includes the well-known quantitative law of effect, is almost certainly false. The theory is logically inconsistent with known experimental findings, and experiments have shown that its central constant-k assumption is not te...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： McDowell JJ

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Choice behavior among two alternatives has been widely researched, but fewer studies have examined the effect of multiple (more than two) alternatives on choice. Two experiments investigated whether changing the overall reinforcer rate affected preference among three and four concurrently scheduled alternatives. Exper...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Beeby E,Alsop B

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a two-key concurrent variable-interval schedule (using pigeons), if the reinforcement frequency for one response is held constant while that for the other is increased, the rate of response on the constant key decreases. The immediate reinforcement for key pecking can usually be conceptualized as the change from a ...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Michael JL

更新日期：1979-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An omission procedure was employed to study elicited pecking in the first component of a two-component chain schedule. Both components were fixed-interval schedules correlated with colored keylights. The first response following the initial-link schedule produced a second fixed-interval schedule. We studied several fi...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Dougherty DM,Lewis P

更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sexual reinforcers are not part of a regulatory system involved in the maintenance of critical metabolic processes, they differ for males and females, they differ as a function of species and mating system, and they show ontogenetic and seasonal changes related to endocrine conditions. Exposure to a member of the oppo...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Crawford LL,Holloway KS,Domjan M

更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pigeons were trained on a non-spatial delayed alternation task in which the color not pecked on the previous trial was correct. When varying delays were interposed between trials, alternation accuracy decreased as a function of delay, but remained greater than chance with a 45-sec delay. Successful alternation on the ...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Williams BA

更新日期：1971-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A reinforcement-switching procedure was used to produce negatively reinforced key pecking in pigeons. First, key pecking on a chain schedule (fixed-interval 10-sec variable-interval 60-sec) was conditioned using grain reinforcement. Second, intermittent shock in the initial link was introduced at a low intensity and g...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Lewis P,Lewin L,Stoyak M,Muehleisen P

更新日期：1974-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Responding of three pigeons was maintained under conjunctive fixed-ratio, fixed-interval schedules where a key peck produced food after both schedule requirements were completed. The individual schedule requirements were then successively removed and reinstated with responding maintained under the following conditions...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Barrett JE

更新日期：1975-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Squirrel monkeys were provided with a chain-pulling response which produced an inanimate object that could be attacked. In the absence of pain-shock, little or no chain-pulling occurred. When pain-shocks were delivered, chain-pulling responses increased. The chain-pulling response was successively reinforced, extingui...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： AZRIN NH,HUTCHINSON RR,MCLAUGHLIN R

更新日期：1965-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three groups of pigeons were trained with a modified discriminative autoshaping procedure to discriminate video images of other pigeons on the basis of movement. Birds of all groups were shown the same video images of other pigeons, which were either moving or still. The group to whom food was presented only after mov...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Dittrich WH,Lea SE

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effects of methadone on pigeons' key pecking were examined under four conditions selected to analyze the control of behavior under alternative fixed-ratio fixed-interval schedules. In Condition 1, pigeons pecked under one of three different alternative schedules (alternative fixed-ratio 50 fixed-interval 90 s, alterna...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Egli M,Thompson T

更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Five rats responded under concurrent fixed-interval variable-ratio schedules of food reinforcement. Fixed-interval values ranged from 50-seconds to 300-seconds and variable-ratio values ranged from 30 to 360; a five-second changeover delay was in effect throughout the experiment. The relations between reinforcement ra...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Rider DP

更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Pigeons were provided with three keys. Pecking the center key produced grain on a schedule that alternated at unpredictable times between a variable-interval component and extinction. On concurrent variable-interval schedules, pecking either side key produced a stimulus associated with the variable-interval component ...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Dinsmoor JA,Mulvaney DE,Jwaideh AR

更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The interresponse-time reinforcement contingencies and distributions of interreinforcement intervals characteristic of certain variable-interval schedules were mimicked by reinforcing each key peck with a probability equal to the duration of the interresponse time it terminated, divided by the scheduled mean interrein...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Platt JR

更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Five pigeons were used to test the hypothesis that the source of reinforcement for observing behavior is the information that it provides concerning the schedule of primary reinforcement. On a variable-interval schedule, pecking the left-hand key produced a 30-sec display of such information. During this 30-sec period...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Dinsmoor JA,Browne MP,Lawrence CE

更新日期：1972-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Parallel experiments with rats and pigeons examined reasons for previous findings that in choices with probabilistic delayed reinforcers, rats' choices were affected by the time between trials whereas pigeons' choices were not. In both experiments, the animals chose between a standard alternative and an adjusting alte...

journal_title：Journal of the experimental analysis of behavior

authors： Mazur JE,Biondi DR

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00