Abstract:
:Washington State's law for sexually violent predators was enacted in 1990; since then, 14 other states have passed similar laws authorizing civil commitment for dangerous sexual offenders following their prison terms. Although the law has survived constitutional challenges at both the state and in the U.S. Supreme Court, a related set of court actions has addressed whether the treatment program is adequate. In 1994, the federal district court placed Washington's program under injunction and appointed a special master to ensure that the state improve deficiencies in the program. As of 2003, the federal court continues to oversee the state's program, with a threat of fines totaling several million dollars if the injunction terms are not met. Over an eight-year period, the special master delivered 19 reports to the court, documenting the program's deficiencies as well as its successes in meeting the court's orders. This article reviews these reports and court orders, detailing the court's requirements for an adequate treatment program.
journal_name
Ann N Y Acad Scijournal_title
Annals of the New York Academy of Sciencesauthors
Lieb Rdoi
10.1111/j.1749-6632.2003.tb07327.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-06-01 00:00:00pages
474-88eissn
0077-8923issn
1749-6632journal_volume
989pub_type
杂志文章abstract::It is imperative that operating personnel and regulatory agencies have secure, advance, and accurate knowledge of the true surface properties of materials to be contacted with flowing blood. The actual devices must be characterized in their sterile, immediate pre-exposure states. Although very sensitive electronic ins...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1987.tb33031.x
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stationary-phase mutation (a subset of which was previously called adaptive mutation) occurs in apparently nondividing, stationary-phase cells exposed to a nonlethal genetic selection. In one experimental system, stationary-phase reversion of an Escherichia coli F'-borne lac frameshift mutation occurs by a novel molec...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1999.tb08888.x
更新日期:1999-05-18 00:00:00
abstract::Abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA) are characterized by the destruction of the extracellular matrix (ECM) of the aortic wall, particularly its elastin elements. The fibrinolytic system is known to mediate proteolysis within the ECM. Plasmin, which is generated by plasminogen activators (PA), is capable of destroying the...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1996.tb33306.x
更新日期:1996-11-18 00:00:00
abstract::The induction of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC) during G1 phase of the cell cycle appears to be universal and essential for cell cycle progression. This induction has been demonstrated in at least 23 cell types in response to various growth stimuli. Further, specific inhibitors of ODC added to several of these cell lin...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb12754.x
更新日期:1981-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of the ability of the EPR spin trap DEPMPO to detect both superoxide and hydroxyl radicals produced by systems in vitro and in vivo are presented. Experiments using free radical-generating systems confirmed the suitability of the EPR spin trapping technique but also revealed the existence of an undesirable con...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aging, hypoxia, and thiamin deficiency diminish motor performance. Similar alterations of ACh, DA, and glutamate metabolism accompany hypoxia, thiamin deficiency, and aging. Both aging and hypoxia reduce ACh release and stimulate DA and glutamate release. Presynaptic enhancement of DA and glutamate release may be impo...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb32984.x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent studies demonstrate major effects of adrenal medullary and catecholaminergic pathways on a wide variety of normal physiologic and regulatory events. Alterations in these pathways, involving changes in catecholamines or in proteins and peptides costored and coreleased with catecholamines, may lead to profound ch...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04514.x
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ancestral haplotype (AH) 8.1(HLA-A1, Cw7, B8, TNFAB*a2b3, TNFN*S, C2*C, Bf*s, C4A*Q0, C4B*1, DRB1*0301, DRB3*0101, DQA1*0501, DQB1*0201) seems to be associated with susceptibility to autoimmune diseases. Different mechanisms are probably involved in increasing autoimmunity, such as unbalanced cytokine production and t...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2000.tb06951.x
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of visual field changes and ocular hypertension on visual evoked potentials were investigated by photopic ERG and by luminance and pattern-reversal EPs on 116 glaucomatous and on 7 normal eyes. The problem was approached by way of four investigations: Firstly, which nerve structures are affected by glaucom...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1982.tb50794.x
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endometriosis is a complex gynecologic disorder that has long been recognized as showing heritable tendencies, with recurrence risks of 5-7% for first-degree relatives. Familial and epidemiologic studies support that this disease is a genetic disorder of polygenic/multifactorial inheritance. The current investigationa...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In natural tissues, cells form multiple attachment sites to their extracellular matrix. By means of those attachments, cells deform as the tissue deforms in response to the natural mechanical stresses and strains that the tissue must sustain during function. These mechanical forces are the energy input that instruct t...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1997.tb52182.x
更新日期:1997-12-31 00:00:00
abstract::While the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) family members RANKL and TNF-alpha are critical regulators of osteoclast formation, functions of other TNFs in bone are poorly understood. Here we consider the roles in regulating bone turnover of TNF receptors (TNF-R) also expressed by osteoblasts and osteoblast precursors. TNF r...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is an important cause of death in systemic sclerosis (SSc), despite the improvement of therapies. An early diagnosis and the use of drugs interfering with the main pathogenic pathways of PAH is pivotal for the improvement of prognosis in primary PAH and PAH secondary to autoimmune...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1423.047
更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In recent years calcium channel blockers have emerged as a new class of antiarrhythmic agents for the control of certain supraventricular and ventricular arrhythmias. Electrophysiologically, they are heterogeneous but their main action is mediated through a depressant effect on the slow calcium channel in cardiac musc...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1988.tb33397.x
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Br-type neuron of the snail Helix pomatia, involved in neuronal regulation of various homeostatic and adaptive mechanisms, represents an interesting model for studying effects of temperature change on neuronal activity of poikilotherms. Acetylcholine induces a transient, inward dose-dependent current in the identi...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::2-Methoxyestradiol (2-ME) is an estradiol metabolite with antiangiogenic properties. It can be produced by granulosa cells and it is present in normal follicle at high concentrations. The identification of reactive oxygen species (ROS) role in the molecular pharmacology of 2-ME is an active area of research. The objec...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::At the alpha(2A)-autoreceptors on the sympathetic nerve terminals of the human atrial appendages and rabbit pulmonary artery, rilmenidine and oxymetazoline exhibit different properties (antagonism and agonism, respectively). These opposite pharmacodynamic properties of alpha(2)-adrenoceptor ligands seem to be due to s...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1304.036
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2007-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The four diseases discussed in this chapter (dracunculiasis, onchocerciasis, schistosomiasis, and trachoma) are among the officially designated "Neglected Tropical Diseases," and each is also both the result of and a contributor to the poverty of many rural populations. To various degrees, they all have adverse effect...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1425.015
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Developing limb or differentiating neural and blood cells are traditional models used to study programmed cell death in mammals. The developing mouse dentition can also be an attractive model for studying apoptosis regulation. Apoptosis is most extant during early odontogenesis in mice. The embryonic tooth pattern is ...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.2001.tb03877.x
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is well established for both rat and man that the total testosterone concentration within the testis is far higher than that in serum. We know for the rat that intratesticular testosterone can be reduced by 50-60% without an adverse effect on spermatogenesis but that the required intratesticular testosterone concen...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1336.023
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In red blood cells as well as in platelets there appears to be a decrease in adenine nucleotides during storage under blood bank conditions. This can be decreased by use of anticoagulant preservatives with higher phosphate content than the standard ACD solution, through the addition of adenine and inosine. Maintenance...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1749-6632.1975.tb29250.x
更新日期:1975-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::Social support promotes resilience to adverse childhood events, but little is known about the role of natural mentors-caring, nonparental adults-in the lives of childhood abuse survivors. The current study draws from a large, longitudinal, nationally representative sample (Add Health) to examine the prevalence and cha...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/nyas.14313
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The quest for new control strategies for ticks can profit from high throughput genomics. In order to identify genes that are involved in oogenesis and development, in defense, and in hematophagy, the transcriptomes of ovaries, hemocytes, and salivary glands from rapidly ingurgitating females, and of salivary glands fr...
journal_title:Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1196/annals.1307.037
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00