Iron tetrakis (N-methyl-4'-pyridyl) porphyrinato inhibits proliferative activity of thymocytes by blocking activation of p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, nuclear factor-kappaB, and interleukin-2 secretion.

abstract：:Although the tricyclic antidepressant drugs imipramine and doxepin exert similar direct electrophysiological effects on cardiac cells, toxic cardiac arrhythmias and conduction disturbances are much more commonly associated with imipramine than doxepin in clinical use. To ascertain if this discrepancy could be due to d...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Brennan FJ

更新日期：1984-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Clofibric acid (CA), a potent peroxisome proliferator (PP), has been shown to cause tumor formation in rat liver. The precise mechanism of action of PPs remains largely unknown. However, it has been proposed that they act by increasing reactive oxygen species (ROS), leading to a cellular oxidative stress. In the prese...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Bécuwe P,Bianchi A,Dauça M

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hypothesis that 7,12-dimethyl-benz[a]anthracene (DMBA) suppresses immune function in mice via an inhibition of lymphocyte activation was examined in these studies. Daily exposure of B6C3F1 mice to DMBA (cumulative doses of 1.4 to 140 mg/kg) via the oral route for 14 days was found to inhibit phytohemagglutinin (PH...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Burchiel SW,Davis DA,Gomez MP,Montano RM,Barton SL,Seamer LC

更新日期：1990-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (gamma-GTP) in the nephrotoxicity of hexachloro-1,3-butadiene (HCBD) was studied using male Sprague-Dawley rats pretreated with AT-125 (Acivicin; L-(alpha S, 5S)-alpha-amino-3-chloro-4,5-dihydro-5-isoxazoleacetic acid). Inhibition of gamma-GTP by more than 95% did not affect u...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Davis ME

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Simple alkylating agents induce cell death by activating the apoptotic pathway. In rodent fibroblasts, apoptosis triggered by DNA methylation lesions is executed via the mitochondrial damage pathway. Here, we studied cell death induced by the methylating agents methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) and N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nit...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Tomicic MT,Christmann M,Fabian K,Kaina B

更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metallothionein (MT) is a sulfhydryl-rich protein whose levels are increased by administration of a variety of agents including metals, cytokines, and oxidative stress agents. Recent studies have suggested that MT is involved in protecting against various forms of oxidative stress, but little is known about the induct...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Bauman JW,McKim JM Jr,Liu J,Klaassen CD

更新日期：1992-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To assess the relevance of previously identified axonal atrophy to hexanedione neuropathy, the present study quantitated fiber size in peripheral nerve of rats intoxicated with 2,5-hexanedione (HD) by either oral ingestion (0.4% in drinking water) or ip injection (0.4 g/kg/day). Prior to the appearance of neurobehavio...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lehning EJ,Dyer KS,Jortner BS,LoPachin RM

更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The InnoMed PredTox consortium was formed to evaluate whether conventional preclinical safety assessment can be significantly enhanced by incorporation of molecular profiling ("omics") technologies. In short-term toxicological studies in rats, transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics data were collected and analyz...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Ellinger-Ziegelbauer H,Adler M,Amberg A,Brandenburg A,Callanan JJ,Connor S,Fountoulakis M,Gmuender H,Gruhler A,Hewitt P,Hodson M,Matheis KA,McCarthy D,Raschke M,Riefke B,Schmitt CS,Sieber M,Sposny A,Suter L,Sweatman

更新日期：2011-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Free gold nanoparticles easily aggregate when the environment conditions change. Here, gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) with average diameter of 3.7 nm were prepared and then modified with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to improve stability. The gold nanoparticles were first surface-modified with 3-mercaptopropionic acid (MPA)...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Gu YJ,Cheng J,Lin CC,Lam YW,Cheng SH,Wong WT

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a clear evidence that environmental pollutants, such as benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P), can have detrimental effects on the immune system, whereas the underlying mechanisms still remain elusive. Jurkat T cells share many properties with native T lymphocytes and therefore are an appropriate model to analyze the effect...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Murugaiyan J,Rockstroh M,Wagner J,Baumann S,Schorsch K,Trump S,Lehmann I,Bergen Mv,Tomm JM

更新日期：2013-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Interferon α (IFNα) is used to treat malignancies and chronic viral infections. It has been found to decrease the rate of drug metabolism by acting on cytochrome P450 enzymes, but no studies have investigated the consequences of IFNα treatment on the CYP3A4 isoform, responsible for the metabolism of a majority of drug...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Flaman AS,Gravel C,Hashem AM,Tocchi M,Li X

更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Metabolism of tert-butyl hydroperoxide (TBHP, 2.0 mM) by glutathione peroxidase within isolated rat hepatocytes caused a rapid oxidation of intracellular reduced glutathione and ultimately NADPH through glutathione reductase. TBHP also caused the formation of surface blebs in the hepatocyte plasma membrane followed by...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Rush GF,Yodis LA,Alberts D

更新日期：1986-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Organophosphorus esters (OP) are highly toxic chemicals used as pesticides and nerve agents. Their acute toxicity is attributed to inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE, EC 3.1.1.7) in nerve synapses. Our goal was to find a new therapeutic for protection against OP toxicity. We used a gene therapy vector, adeno-ass...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Li B,Duysen EG,Poluektova LY,Murrin LC,Lockridge O

更新日期：2006-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Age-dependent changes related to liver injury and regeneration were studied in rats aged 2, 12, and 30 months in a time period of 96 hr following a sublethal dose of thioacetamide (6.6 mmoles/kg body wt). Serum aspartate aminotransferase activity increased earlier in young rats, but the severity of injury was higher i...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sanz N,Díez-Fernández C,Alvarez AM,Fernández-Simón L,Cascales M

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kidney is the primary target organ in chronic cadmium (Cd) toxicity, and oxidative stress plays an important role in this process. The nuclear transcription factor Nrf2 binds to antioxidant response elements (AREs) and regulates genes involved in protecting cells from oxidative damage. Whether kidney cells respond to ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Chen J,Shaikh ZA

更新日期：2009-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Patulin is a mycotoxin mainly found in apple and apple products. In addition to being toxic for animals, mutagenic, carcinogenic and teratogenic, patulin induces intestinal injuries, including epithelial cell degeneration, inflammation, ulceration, and hemorrhages. In a study of the cellular mechanisms associated with...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Mahfoud R,Maresca M,Garmy N,Fantini J

更新日期：2002-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidermal growth factor receptor antibody (EGFRAb) conjugated silica nanorattles (SNs) were synthesized and used to develop receptor mediated endocytosis for targeted drug delivery strategies for cancer therapy. The present study determined that the rate of internalization of silica nanorattles was found to be high in...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Sundarraj S,Thangam R,Sujitha MV,Vimala K,Kannan S

更新日期：2014-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of the cytochrome P450 inducer beta-naphthoflavone (BNF) on NO2 toxicity were studied in two strains of mice. In one strain (C57B1/6J), cytochrome P450 could be induced by the aromatic hydrocarbon, while in the other strain (DBA/2J) cytochrome P450 was not inducible by this compound. Mice were treated with...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Azoulay-Dupuis E,Mansour H,Moreau J,Lachia L

更新日期：1988-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thiazacridine derivatives (ATZD) are a novel class of cytotoxic agents that combine an acridine and thiazolidine nucleus. In this study, the cytotoxic action of four ATZD were tested in human colon carcinoma HCT-8 cells: (5Z)-5-acridin-9-ylmethylene-3-(4-methylbenzyl)-thiazolidine-2,4-dione - AC-4; (5ZE)-5-acridin-9-y...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Barros FW,Bezerra DP,Ferreira PM,Cavalcanti BC,Silva TG,Pitta MG,de Lima Mdo C,Galdino SL,Pitta Ida R,Costa-Lotufo LV,Moraes MO,Burbano RR,Guecheva TN,Henriques JA,Pessoa C

更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The distribution and exact cellular localization of mercury in the brain and upper cervical spinal cord of the adult male Wistar rat has been determined using the autometallographic silver-enhancement technique. A detailed atlas of mercury-containing nuclei following oral administration of HgCl2 (20 mg x liter-1 or CH...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Møller-Madsen B,Danscher G

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study investigated the protective effects of curcumin on tetrachloro-p-benzoquinone (TCBQ)-induced hepatotoxicity in mice. TCBQ-treatment causes significant liver injury (the elevation of serum AST and ALT activities, histopathological changes in liver section including centrilobular necrosis and inflammatory cel...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Xu D,Hu L,Su C,Xia X,Zhang P,Fu J,Wang W,Xu D,Du H,Hu Q,Song E,Song Y

更新日期：2014-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Experiments were conducted to study the acute and subacute effects of intramuscularly injected T-2 toxin in rats and rabbits. The LD50 values of T-2 toxin were 0.85 +/- 0.03 and 1.10 +/- 0.08 mg/kg body wt in rats and rabbits, respectively. The intoxication was characterized by a consistent decrease in serum alkaline ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Chan PK,Gentry PA

更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We use a stochastic model describing initiation and clonal growth of altered cells to analyze data from an initiation-promotion hepatocarcinogenesis experiment in female Wistar rats. Starting at 7 weeks of age, the animals were treated for 10 days with the initiating agent diethylnitrosamine (DEN, 10 mg/kg body wt per...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Luebeck EG,Buchmann A,Stinchcombe S,Moolgavkar SH,Schwarz M

更新日期：2000-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetaminophen (N-Acetyl-p-Aminophenol or APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity is the most common cause of acute liver failure in the United States and Western Europe. Previous studies have shown that TGFβ1 is elevated during APAP-induced hepatotoxicity and promotes liver injury by reducing liver regeneration while inducing he...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Frampton G,Reddy P,Jefferson B,Ali M,Khan D,McMillin M

更新日期：2020-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A PB-PK model has been developed for nasal nonreactive vapor uptake in the F344 rat which incorporates nasal enzyme distribution as well as nasal airflow patterns. Nasal tissue is separated into respiratory and olfactory mucosal areas with each area containing mucus, epithelial, and submucosal compartments. Metabolic ...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Morris JB,Hassett DN,Blanchard KT

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic arsenic exposure through contaminated drinking water is a major environmental health issue. Chronic arsenic exposure is known to exert its toxic effects by a variety of mechanisms, of which generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) is one of the most important. A high level of ROS, in turn, leads to DNA dama...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Banerjee M,Banerjee N,Ghosh P,Das JK,Basu S,Sarkar AK,States JC,Giri AK

更新日期：2010-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This study is aimed at the development of a cell culture assay which may supplement or replace the animal Draize skin irritancy test. Using human keratinocytes, the measurement of proinflammatory eicosanoid and interleukin-1 alpha release and of the impairment of cell viability have provided a suitable in vitro/in viv...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Müller-Decker K,Fürstenberger G,Marks F

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we investigated the effect of the aqueous extract of Mosla dianthera (Maxim.) (AEMD) on the mast cell-mediated allergy model and studied the possible mechanism of action. Mast cell-mediated allergic disease is involved in many diseases such as asthma, sinusitis and rheumatoid arthritis. The discovery of...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lee DH,Kim SH,Eun JS,Shin TY

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genome-wide, promoter-focused ChIP-chip analysis of hepatic aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) binding sites was conducted in 8-week old female C57BL/6 treated with 30 μg/kg/body weight 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) for 2 h and 24 h. These studies identified 1642 and 508 AHR-bound regions at 2h and 24h, resp...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Lo R,Celius T,Forgacs AL,Dere E,MacPherson L,Harper P,Zacharewski T,Matthews J

更新日期：2011-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The number of neurons, astrocytes, reactive glia, oligodendrocytes, endothelia, and pericytes in the cortex of the calcarine sulcus of adult female Macaca fascicularis following long-term subclinical exposure to methyl mercury (MeHg) and mercuric chloride (inorganic mercury; IHg) has been estimated by use of the optic...

journal_title：Toxicology and applied pharmacology

authors： Charleston JS,Bolender RP,Mottet NK,Body RL,Vahter ME,Burbacher TM

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00