Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Cigarette smoking has been recognized as an important risk factor for cardiovascular disease in men and women. Whether the increased risk results from an atherogenic effect of smoking is still debated. We examined the relation between cigarette smoking and atherosclerotic changes in the abdominal aorta. METHODS AND RESULTS:The association between cigarette smoking and atherosclerotic changes in the abdominal aorta was examined in a population-based cohort of 758 women, initially aged 45 to 64 years. All women were examined radiographically for calcified deposits in the abdominal aorta, which have been shown to represent intimal atherosclerosis. After 9 years of follow-up, atherosclerotic changes, indicating development or progression of plaques, could be demonstrated in 37% of women. A direct association was found between atherosclerotic change and number of cigarettes smoked per day. Compared with women who had never smoked, the relative risks of those who smoked 1 to 9, 10 to 19, and 20 or more cigarettes per day were 1.4 (95% confidence interval, 1.0 to 2.0), 2.0 (1.6 to 2.5), and 2.3 (1.8 to 3.0), respectively, after adjustment for age and other cardiovascular risk factors. Associations of atherosclerotic change with inhaling habit and duration of smoking were borderline significant after number of cigarettes smoked per day was taken into account. Among former smokers, the risk decreased with increasing duration of stopping but a significant excess risk was still observed after 5 to 10 years since quitting (relative risk, 1.6; 95% confidence interval, 1.1 to 2.2). CONCLUSIONS:These follow-up data support the evidence for an effect of cigarette smoking on atherosclerosis. The findings suggest that the rate of atherosclerotic change may be reduced by cessation of smoking, but a residual effect appears to be present for at least 10 years.
journal_name
Circulationjournal_title
Circulationauthors
Witteman JC,Grobbee DE,Valkenburg HA,van Hemert AM,Stijnen T,Hofman Adoi
10.1161/01.cir.88.5.2156subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-11-01 00:00:00pages
2156-62issue
5 Pt 1eissn
0009-7322issn
1524-4539journal_volume
88pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
CIRCULATION文献大全abstract::To assess myocardial infarction quantitatively in 15 mm thick transverse sections of the canine heart in vivo we utilized a new technique, positron emission transaxial tomography (PETT) and cyclotron-produced 11C-palmitate (11C-P) injected intravenously. Results were compared to regional myocardial creatine phosphokin...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.cir.55.1.66
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:More than 300 000 out-of-hospital cardiac arrests (OHCA) occur each year in the United States. The relationship between time of day and OHCA outcomes in the prehospital setting is unknown. Any such association may have important implications for emergency medical services resource allocation. METHODS AND RE...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002058
更新日期:2013-04-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Type 2 diabetes (DM-2) and impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) are associated with an increased cardiovascular disease risk. In nondiabetic individuals, increased arterial stiffness is an important cause of cardiovascular disease. Associations between DM-2 and IGM and arterial stiffness have not been systemati...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000065222.34933.FC
更新日期:2003-04-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:HMG CoA reductase inhibitors (or statins), a new class of lipid-lowering compounds, have raised expectations for more widespread use than that of the older lipid-lowering drugs. Not only are they more effective in lowering LDL cholesterol, but they are better tolerated as well. No data exist concerning the e...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1161/01.cir.90.4.1679
更新日期:1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To identify patients at risk for postoperative myocardial injury and death, measuring cardiac troponin routinely after noncardiac surgery has been suggested. Such monitoring was implemented in our hospital. The aim of this study was to determine the predictive value of postoperative myocardial injury, as mea...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.002128
更新日期:2013-06-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Abnormalities of arterial pulse and limb growth after retrograde femoral arterial catheterization have been well documented. However, the magnitude of such complications after transfemoral artery balloon dilatation has not been thoroughly investigated. This study sought to evaluate the prevalence of these ab...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.cir.95.4.974
更新日期:1997-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::We have recently demonstrated that exercise training can induce important hemodynamic and metabolic adaptations in patients with chronic heart failure due to severe left ventricular dysfunction. This study examines the accompanying changes in submaximal exercise performance and the ventilatory response to exercise in ...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.cir.79.2.324
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The pathogenesis of impaired endothelium-dependent coronary vasodilation in angina pectoris and normal coronary arteriograms (microvascular angina pectoris) is not known. We examined whether supplementation with L-arginine, a precursor of endothelium-derived nitric oxide, improves endothelium-dependent coron...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.cir.94.2.130
更新日期:1996-07-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increased plasma levels of atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) have been identified as predictors of cardiac dysfunction and prognosis in congestive heart failure and ischemic heart disease. In severe sepsis patients, however, no information is available yet about the prognos...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.104.472050
更新日期:2005-07-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hemodynamic stability after Norwood palliation often requires manipulation of pulmonary vascular resistance to alter the pulmonary-to-systemic blood flow ratio (Qp:Qs). Qp:Qs is often estimated from arterial saturation (SaO2), a practice based on 2 untested assumptions: constant systemic arteriovenous O2 dif...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.cir.103.22.2699
更新日期:2001-06-05 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although LDL cholesterol (LDL-C) is generally accepted to be a major risk factor for progression of atherosclerosis, the traditional measurement of LDL-C includes measurement of IDL. Little is known about the relationship between IDL and progression of atherosclerosis. Therefore, we investigated the associat...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1161/01.cir.95.8.2022
更新日期:1997-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Collaterals limit infarct size, preserve viability, and reduce mortality in patients with acute myocardial infarction. In patients with stable coronary disease, collaterals are associated with less angina and ischemia during angioplasty and fewer ischemic events during follow-up. The role of collaterals has ...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000143105.42988.FD
更新日期:2004-09-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The recent breakthrough in the generation of induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells, which are almost indistinguishable from embryonic stem (ES) cells, facilitates the generation of murine disease- and human patient-specific stem cell lines. The aim of this study was to characterize the cardiac differentiation...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.108.778795
更新日期:2008-07-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multicomponent atrial electrograms and "slow pathway potentials" are helpful in identifying target sites for radiofrequency catheter ablation of the slow pathway in patients with atrioventricular (AV) nodal reentrant tachycardia. The purpose of this study was to compare the atrial electrograms recorded at va...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.cir.92.1.77
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two hundred-three patients had -echnetium 99m (stannous) pyrophosphate myocardial scintigrams for the evaluation of chest pain and suspected acute myocardial infarction. In addition to routine imaging at 60--90 minutes after injection of the radio-pharmaceutical, the blood pool was imaged immediately in each patient f...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.cir.56.2.192
更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Several centers favor replacing a diseased native heart valve with a tissue rather than a mechanical prosthesis, even in younger adult patients. However, long-term data supporting this approach are lacking. We examined the survival implications of selecting a tissue versus a mechanical prosthesis at initial ...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.106.681429
更新日期:2007-09-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clopidogrel is administered to prevent stent thrombosis; however, the uniformity of platelet inhibition after treatment and the influence of pretreatment reactivity on drug response have not been described. METHODS AND RESULTS:Platelet aggregation (5 and 20 micromol/L ADP), the activation of glycoprotein II...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000072771.11429.83
更新日期:2003-06-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:-Recent studies have suggested that testosterone has a protective effect in the arterial vascular system. However, little is known about the molecular aspects of the mechanism(s) involved in these processes. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of testosterone on neointimal plaque devel...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.cir.103.10.1382
更新日期:2001-03-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The mechanisms of simple faint remain elusive. We propose that postural fainting is related to excessive thoracic hypovolemia and splanchnic hypervolemia during orthostasis compared with healthy subjects. METHODS AND RESULTS:We studied 34 patients 12 to 22 years old referred for multiple episodes of postura...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000145543.88293.21
更新日期:2004-10-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many epidemiological studies have evaluated whether different alcoholic beverages protect against cardiovascular disease. We performed a meta-analysis of 26 studies on the relationship between wine or beer consumption and vascular risk. Methods and Results- General variance-based method and fitting models we...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000018653.19696.01
更新日期:2002-06-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Few data are available on the impact of heart failure (HF) across all types of acute coronary syndromes (ACS). METHODS AND RESULTS:The Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events (GRACE) is a prospective study of patients hospitalized with ACS. Data from 16 166 patients were analyzed: 13 707 patients without p...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000109691.16944.DA
更新日期:2004-02-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Oxidized LDLs (oxLDLs) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are present in atherosclerotic lesions. OxLDLs activate various signaling pathways potentially involved in atherogenesis. OxLDLs induce smooth muscle cell (SMC) proliferation mediated by the activation of the sphingomyelin/ceramide pathway and tyros...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000136995.83451.1D
更新日期:2004-08-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Contrast agents can cause a reduction in renal function that may be due to the generation of reactive oxygen species. Conflicting evidence suggests that administration of the antioxidant acetylcysteine prevents this renal impairment. The action of other antioxidant agents has not been investigated. METHODS ...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000146396.19081.73
更新日期:2004-11-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The incidence and cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in athletes is debated with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy often reported as the most common cause. METHODS AND RESULTS:A database of all National Collegiate Athletic Association deaths (2003-2013) was developed. Additional information and autopsy reports w...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.115.015431
更新日期:2015-07-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The pulmonary autograft procedure (Ross) is now considered the gold standard for aortic valve replacement. One of its advantages is the freedom from macroemboli without anticoagulation. Whether this holds true for circulating microemboli, detectable as high-intensity transient Doppler signals (HITS), has not...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.cir.96.6.1843
更新日期:1997-09-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:CD4+CD28null T cells are present in increased numbers in the peripheral blood of patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) compared with patients with chronic stable angina (CSA). The triggers of activation and expansion of these cells to date remain unclear. METHODS AND RESULTS:Twenty-one patients with A...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000118476.29352.2A
更新日期:2004-03-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The TAXUS NIRx stent (Boston Scientific Corp) provides local delivery of paclitaxel via a slow-release polymer coating. The TAXUS I trial was the first in-human experience evaluating safety and feasibility of the TAXUS NIRx stent system compared with bare NIR stents (control) (Boston Scientific Corp) for tre...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1161/01.cir.0000047700.58683.a1
更新日期:2003-01-07 00:00:00
abstract::Since platelet accumulation may be an important determinant of restenosis after angioplasty, the time course of 51Cr-labeled platelet accumulation after experimental angioplasty was evaluated in a deendothelialized, hypercholesterolemic rabbit preparation of atherosclerosis. Marked platelet accumulation (39.5 +/- 8.7 ...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.cir.75.3.636
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine whether cardiac transplant rejection can be detected noninvasively with indium-111 (111In)-labeled lymphocytes, we studied 11 dogs with thoracic heterotopic cardiac transplants without immunosuppression and five dogs with transplants treated with cyclosporine (10 mg/kg/day) and prednisone (1 mg/kg/day). A...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.cir.75.4.868
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Hemodialysis vascular access dysfunction is the single most important cause of morbidity in kidney hemodialysis patients. Failure of an arteriovenous polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) graft, the most common form of hemodialysis access, is primarily due to intimal hyperplasia and thrombosis at the venous anastom...
journal_title:Circulation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1161/01.CIR.0000160357.80517.92
更新日期:2005-04-05 00:00:00