Release from native root herbivores and biotic resistance by soil pathogens in a new habitat both affect the alien Ammophila arenaria in South Africa.

abstract：:Our experiments addressed systemic metabolic effects in above-ground plant tissue as part of the plant's response to the arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) interaction. Due to the physiology of this interaction, we expected effects in the areas of plant mineral nutrition, carbon allocation and stress-related metabolism, but ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Fester T,Fetzer I,Buchert S,Lucas R,Rillig MC,Härtig C

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The compensatory growth potential of a grazed fungal biomass was mathematically expressed as a function of patchiness in its distribution and demonstrated in an experiment using the fungivorous collembolan Onychiurus armatus and the soil fungi Verticillium bulbillosum and Penicillium spinulosum. The model addresses th...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Bengtsson G,Hedlund K,Rundgren S

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mixed infections, where more than one parasite genotype is present in a single host, have been suggested to be an important factor in host-parasite interactions. As the host represents a limited resource, co-infecting parasite genotypes are expected to be under resource competition. Competition will not only modify th...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Vizoso DB,Ebert D

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although an increase in competition is a common cost associated with intraspecific crowding, spatial aggregation across food-limited resource patches is a widespread phenomenon in many insect communities. Because intraspecific aggregation of competing insect larvae across, e.show $132#g. fruits, dung, mushrooms etc., ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Rohlfs M,Hoffmeister TS

更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mortality and physiological status (body water content) of Asellus aquaticus (Isopoda) and Gammarus pulex (Amphipoda) were measured after 25 days exposure in 20 natural streams with a pH range of 4.3-7.5 and a colour range of 8-280 mg Pt L-1. In addition, the effects of keeping the animals as single species or tog...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hargeby A

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Corridors connect otherwise isolated habitat patches and can direct movement of animals among such patches. In eight experimental landscapes, we tested two hypotheses of how corridors might affect dispersal behavior. The Traditional Corridor hypothesis posits that animals preferentially leave patches via corridors, fo...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Fried JH,Levey DJ,Hogsette JA

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I increased the availability of tadpole-rearing sites (bromeliads) and oviposition sites (leaf litter) and examined the effects on space-use patterns in adult Dendrobates pumilio at the La Selva Biological Reserve in northeastern Costa Rica. I made 4158 observations of 986 marked adults during the seven-month study pe...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Donnelly MA

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This study uses short-term assays and long-term transplant experiments to document the potential importance of fish predation and herbivory to the distribution and abundance of reef-building corals in a Caribbean back-reef system. Experimental manipulations of fish access reveal that the zonal patterns of the two reef...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Littler MM,Taylor PR,Littler DS

更新日期：1989-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-trophic interactions, driven by one species changing the behavior but not density of another species, appear to be as pervasive as those involving consumption. However, ecologists have only begun to explore non-trophic interactions in species-rich communities. We investigated interactions within a community includ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Prasad RP,Snyder WE

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endozoochory plays a prominent role for the dispersal of seed plants, and dispersal vectors are well known. However, for taxa such as ferns and bryophytes, endozoochory has only been suggested anecdotally but never tested in controlled experiments. We fed fertile leaflets of three ferns and capsules of four bryophyte ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Boch S,Berlinger M,Fischer M,Knop E,Nentwig W,Türke M,Prati D

更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seven North American moss species responded differentially to fumigations with sulfur dioxide ranging from 0.5 to 4.0 ppm. Leucobryum glaucum and Dicranum scoparium were the most sensitive species; Dicranella heterophylla, Polytrichum ohioense and Pottia truncata, the most resistant. The results of fumigations with 0....

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Nash TH 3rd,Nash EH

更新日期：1974-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The population dynamics of Antarctic seabirds are influenced by variations in winter sea ice extent and persistence; however, the type of relationship differs according to the region and the demographic parameter considered. We used annual presence/absence data obtained from 1,138 individually marked birds to study th...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Ballerini T,Tavecchia G,Olmastroni S,Pezzo F,Focardi S

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The isopod Sphaeroma terebrans, which bores into the prop roots of the red mangrove, Rhizophora mangle, can cause death and subsequent breakage of the inhabited root and, debatably, may reduce the support system of the tree. We examined whether different characteristics of a root or its physical setting, both of which...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Brooks AR,Bell SS

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seasonal changes in the photosynthetic characteristics of intact involucral leaves of Anemone raddeana were investigated under laboratory conditions. Net photosynthesis and constant water vapor pressure deficit showed almost the same seasonal trend. They increased rapidly from mid-April immediately after unfolding of ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Yoshie F,Yoshida S

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seasonal patterns of growth, 14CO2 uptake, and fluctuations in tissue titratable acidity were studied over the course of a year at a study site in the coastal plain of North Carolina.Elongation rates of Spanish moss strands were maximal in the summer and minimal in the winter. Summer maximal biomass addition rates wer...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Martin CE,Christensen NL,Strain BR

更新日期：1981-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I assessed the impact of both vertebrate and invertebrate predators on a lotic benthic community in a 1-month-long experiment, using enclosures containing cobble/gravel bottoms, with large-mesh netting that allowed invertebrates to drift freely. Brown trout (Salmo trutta) and leeches (Erpobdella octoculata) were used ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Dahl J

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We examined how different exploratory behavioral types of largemouth bass responded to differing prey communities by determining effects on growth, survival and diet in experimental ponds. We found evidence that non-explorer largemouth bass target young-of-year bluegill early on in life, but bluegill were not an impor...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Nannini MA,Wahl DH

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The community structure of sedentary organisms is largely controlled by the outcome of direct competition for space. Understanding factors defining competitive outcomes among neighbors is thus critical for predicting large-scale changes, such as transitions to alternate states within coral reefs. Using a spatially exp...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Sandin SA,McNamara DE

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seed predation can cause substantial seed losses and influence plant population dynamics, but the impact depends on the extent to which populations are limited by seed availability or favorable microsites for recruitment. Harvester ants are the dominant post-dispersal seed predators in Australia's tropical savannas, a...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Setterfield SA,Andersen AN

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The arboreal ant fauna was investigated in Budongo Forest, a seasonal rain forest in Uganda, using the insecticidal fogging technique. Ants were collected from 61 trees, between 7 and 33 m in height, belonging to four tree species. Trees were growing in adjacent plots of forests characterized by different use and stru...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Schulz A,Wagner T

更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of positive interspecific interactions within physically stressful habitats has received increased attention from community ecologists. The exposed sandy beach is an example of a physically rigorous environment where biological interactions have long been considered insignificant. We examined the intera...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Manning LM,Lindquist N

更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1.) The daily ration required to maintain a population growth rate, r m, of zero (threshold ration) increased with increasing Asplanchna body mass. This relationship is described by the equation T=0.342 W0.797 where T=threshold ration (μg day-1 dry mass) and W=Asplanchna body mass (μg adult-1 dry mass). 2.) The thresh...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Stemberger RS,Gilbert JJ

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The pressure to escape natural enemies may shape how herbivorous insects use their plant resources. On wild crucifers, ovipositional preferences of the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella; DBM) were similar to searching preferences of its main parasitoid, an ichneumonid wasp (Diadegma insulare). But on cultivated cr...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Fox LR,Eisenbach J

更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Optimal diet theory often fails to predict a forager's diet choice when prey are mobile. Because they escape or defend themselves, mobile prey are likely to increase the forager's handling time, thereby decreasing its fitness gain rate. Many animals have been shown to select their prey so as to maximize either their f...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Barrette M,Wu GM,Brodeur J,Giraldeau LA,Boivin G

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Disturbances such as fire, grazing, and soil mixing by animals interact to shape vegetation in grassland ecosystems. Animal-generated disturbances are unique in that they arise from a suite of behaviors that are themselves subject to modification by external factors. The manner in which co-occurring animal taxa intera...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Alba-Lynn C,Detling JK

更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper describes the epiphytic lichen vegetation on maple trees along an 1.1-km avenue leading from the outer suburbs of Freiburg toward the city center. A special aim of this investigation was to examine the variation in the coverage by lichens altogether and by each lichen species as a function of increasing dis...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Wirth V,Brinckmann B

更新日期：1977-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fruit survival patterns, from fertilization to maturation, were examined for Carya ovata and C. tomentosa in a New Jersey USA forest. We observed fruiting and shoot growth characteristics over a 3-yr period to determine: (1) the patterns of fruit survivorship (from initiation to maturity) within and among years, (2) t...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： McCarthy BC,Quinn JA

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thirty-four species of marine macroalgae from around St. Andrews, Scotland, have been assayed for their external activity and thirty-three species for their total activity of carbonic anhydrase. Activity was detected in all the Rhodophyta tested apart from Chondrus crispus, but was absent in Codium fragile, Enteromorp...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Giordano M,Maberly SC

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monk parakeets have been introduced into North America within the past 15 years and are apparently becoming established in several geographical regions. Several physiological responses of monk parakeets related to climatic tolerance were examined, and it is concluded that the species is equipped physiologically to occ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Weathers WW,Caccamise DF

更新日期：1975-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The locomotor activity of European salamanders differs from species to species. At all stages of development Triturus vulgaris is more light-active, Salamandra salamandra is dark-active, while Triturus alpestris and cristatus occupy an intermediate position. 2. The activity of the larvae is high but the rhythm is n...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Himstedt W

更新日期：1971-06-01 00:00:00