Abstract:
:The pressure to escape natural enemies may shape how herbivorous insects use their plant resources. On wild crucifers, ovipositional preferences of the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella; DBM) were similar to searching preferences of its main parasitoid, an ichneumonid wasp (Diadegma insulare). But on cultivated crucifers, these species had opposite preferences. In addition, DBM ovipositional preferences did not correlate with growth or reproduction on several foodplants. We interpret these patterns as evidence of evolution for use of enemy-free space in agricultural systems.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Fox LR,Eisenbach Jdoi
10.1007/BF00317166subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-04-01 00:00:00pages
574-579issue
4eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/BF00317166journal_volume
89pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::Intraspecific variation in behavior and diet can have important consequences for population and ecosystem dynamics. Here, we examine how differences in reproductive investment and spatial ecology influence individual diet specialization in male and female southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis). We hypothesize tha...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-014-3206-1
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two annual species of Bromus, an invader (B. hordeaceus, ex B. mollis) and a non-invader (B. intermedius), were grown for 28 days in growth chambers, at 5 and 100 μM NO 3- in flowing nutrient solution. No differences between the two species were observed at either NO 3- level, in terms of relative growth rate (RGR) or...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378673
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six early successional plant species with differing photosynthetic pathways (3 C3 species and 3 C4 species) were grown at either 300, 600, or 1,200 ppm CO2 and at either 0.0 or 0.25 ppm SO2. Total plant growth increased with CO2 concentration for the C3 species and varied only slightly with CO2 for the C4 species. Fum...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00541106
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prey subsidies originating from detritus add nutrients and energy to arboreal communities. Measurement of this subsidy is required in the understanding of how food web dynamics respond to changes in surrounding environments. Shrub spiders are one of the key predators involved in food web coupling. We evaluate the effe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-012-2446-1
更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium is an essential micronutrient for birds during egg formation and for skeletal development in nestlings. Habitat level studies suggest that birds breeding in low-calcium areas may be limited in the size or number of eggs they lay and in the quality of their nestlings. However, as birds forage non-randomly and m...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1222-8
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sabal palmetto (Walt.) Lodd. ex Schultes (cabbage palm) is an arborescent palm common in many plant communities throughout Florida, U.S.A., and the Caribbean. Although its seedlings grow very slowly in forest understories, they survive damage and defoliation well, and the species may increase in dominance following di...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050681
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation may have multiple effects on both plants and animals and affect plant-herbivore interactions directly and indirectly by inducing changes in host plant quality. In this study, we examined combined effects of UV-B and herbivory on the defence of the mountain birch (Betula pubescen...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-010-1658-5
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Direct and interactive effects of daylength and temperature preconditioning of above- and below-ground parts of Chrysanthemum morifolium Ramat. 'Astrid' are examined in relation to net photosynthesis. Most previous work on thermal preconditioning has concentrated on the effects of a given thermal regime on entire plan...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00348072
更新日期:1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Invasive species-species that have successfully overcome the barriers of transport, introduction, establishment, and spread-are a risk to biodiversity and ecosystem function. Introduction effort is one of the main factors underlying invasion success, but life history traits are also important as they influence populat...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-021-04853-7
更新日期:2021-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::The response to a single defoliation was studied on three clones of Themeda triandra collected in the short, mid, and tall grassland regions of the Serengeti National Park (Tanzania). These sites represent a gradient of decreasing grazing intensity. Growth, allocation pattern, and several morphometric traits were moni...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379184
更新日期:1988-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Individuals of the collembolan species Tomocerus flavescens from a beech wood on limestone near Göttingen (West Germany) were fed with C-14-labelled algae in the laboratory. On an average, T. flavescens exchanged almost all of its endogenous carbon after 3.4 moults. In periods of starvation the interval between two ec...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379222
更新日期:1985-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Developing eggs of Metrioptera roeseli HGB. have an obligate "embryonic" diapause in stage 23 and a facultative "initial" diapause in stage 4. Initial diapause is lacking when the ovipositing females are kept at long day photoperiod (LD 16/8), but is induced at LD 14/10 and LD 8/16. When natural light conditions are g...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00396769
更新日期:1984-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Regulation of seed germination phenology is an important aspect of the life history strategy of invading annual plant species. In the obligately selfing winter annual grass Bromus tectorum, seeds are at least conditionally dormant at dispersal in early summer and lose dormancy through dry-afterripening. Patterns of ge...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050829
更新日期:1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of invertebrate shredders on organic matter dynamics and phosphorus spiralling was studied over a 30-week period in laboratory streams. The streams were fed by groundwater, layered with cobble and gravel from a natural stream, covered with opaque material to eliminate algal growth, and initially contained 1...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379855
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of species loss on ecosystems depend on the community's functional diversity (FD). However, how FD responds to environmental changes is poorly understood. This applies particularly to higher trophic levels, which regulate many ecosystem processes and are strongly affected by human-induced environmental cha...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2790-9
更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Resource supply and pollen delivery are often thought to equally limit seed production in animal-pollinated plants. At equilibrium, plants should show no response to experimental pollen supplementation because resources limit seed set above the current level of pollen attraction, while experimental reduction in pollen...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1337-6
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the laboratory the consumption (C), egestion (F), assimilation (A) and assimilation efficiency (A/C) of dry matter and of the bioelements C, N, P, K, Ca, Mg, S and Na were studied weekly during the whole feeding stage. The larvae were reared in clusters of 10 individuals (on average 3.5 ♂♂ and 6.5 ♀♀), fed one-year...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00344768
更新日期:1979-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clone mal9, a genotype ofSolanum dulcamara L. having photosynthetic characteristics similar to previously hypothesized shade ecotypes, is compared to five other genotypes having photosynthetic characteristics similar to previously hypothesized sun ecotypes. The primary differences are a 35% reduction in total leaf con...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00572683
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tropical ferns are characterized by a high diversity of plant life forms, yet there have been few large-scale studies on the functional ecology of these different forms. We examined epiphytic, hemiepiphytic, and terrestrial ferns, and asked whether there are differences in the mineral nutrition and water relations acr...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-007-0723-1
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tree species Xylocarpus granatum is commonly described as occurring in the upper intertidal zone of mangrove forests, but mature trees are occasionally found at lower elevations. In the Utwe River basin, on the Pacific island of Kosrae, we investigated the relative importance of several biotic and abiotic factors ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-1167-2
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Warming effects on shoot growth, production, reproductive activity, and vegetation structure of alpine shrubs were measured over 5 years in a mid-latitude alpine fellfield in northern Japan. Open-top chambers (OTC) increased the daily mean air-temperature by 1.5-2.3 degrees C throughout the growing season but the effe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1179-6
更新日期:2003-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fruit survival patterns, from fertilization to maturation, were examined for Carya ovata and C. tomentosa in a New Jersey USA forest. We observed fruiting and shoot growth characteristics over a 3-yr period to determine: (1) the patterns of fruit survivorship (from initiation to maturity) within and among years, (2) t...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317237
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We compared movement patterns and rhythms of activity of a top predator, the Iberian lynx Lynx pardinus, a mesopredator, the red fox Vulpes vulpes, and their shared principal prey, the rabbit Oryctolagus cuniculus, in relation to moon phases. Because the three species are mostly nocturnal and crepuscular, we hypothesi...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2651-6
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the eight Pardosa species studied, aerial dispersal occurs generally in the young instars. The climatic conditions, particularly wind but also temperature and humidity, affect the occurrence of aerial dispersal. Within the different systematic groups in the genus, species with relatively high and relatively low dis...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00344884
更新日期:1970-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Developing leaves that are soft, with high concentrations of resources, can be particularly vulnerable to herbivore damage. Since a developing leaf cannot be very tough, given the constraints of cell expansion, the major form of protection is likely to be chemical defence. We investigated changes in concentration of h...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0369-4
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to understand habitat selection, it is important to consider the way individual animals assess the suitability of a future reproductive site. One way of investigating mechanisms (such as those involved in nest site selection) is to examine breeding success and habitat characteristics in terms of animals retur...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-011-2193-8
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The climatic control of productivity for two populations of the lichen Cetraria cucullata (Bell.) Ach. growing in the arctic tundra of northern Alaska (70°28'N, 157°23'W) was examined. Respiratory losses of carbon vary with tissue temperature, tissue water content, and time since wetting. Potential net photosynthetic ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00348040
更新日期:1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study assessed the effect of nutrient enrichment on organic matter breakdown in an alpine springbrook, using alder leaf packs to which phosphorus and nitrogen were added in the form of slow-release fertilizer briquettes. The breakdown of leaf packs with nutrients added (k=0.0284 day-1) was significantly faster th...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/PL00008854
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined patterns of density and species diversity for leaf-mining Lepidopterans and gall-forming Hymenopterans in two oak (Quercus spp.) hybrid zones: Quercus depressipes x Q. rugosa and Q. emoryi x Q. coccolobifolia. In both species complexes, hybrid hosts typically supported significantly lower densities and spe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317348
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Leaf-chewing herbivores select food with a protein/carbohydrate ratio of 0.8-1.5, whereas phloem sap, which aphids feed on, has a ratio of approximately 0.1. Enhanced N fertilization increases the amino acid concentration in phloem sap and elevates the N/C ratio. The study examines: (1) whether aphids select between p...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-010-1652-y
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00