Abstract:
:The mortality and physiological status (body water content) of Asellus aquaticus (Isopoda) and Gammarus pulex (Amphipoda) were measured after 25 days exposure in 20 natural streams with a pH range of 4.3-7.5 and a colour range of 8-280 mg Pt L-1. In addition, the effects of keeping the animals as single species or together were studied. The response of Gammarus to low pH was an increased mortality and lower physiological status of surviving individuals in streams with a pH lower than 6.0. In Asellus the physiological status was correlated with pH, while the mortality was not pH dependent. The effects of humus on the physiological status of Asellus was significant when fitted to a second order polynomial function. The influence of humus can, however, be regarded as small relative to pH. The interactions between the species could be described as asymmetric under optimal conditions of high pH and low humus concentrations, where the presence of Gammarus decreased the survival and physiological status of Asellus. Acid stress did not seem to reverse the direction of this asymmetry, but the presence of Gammarus improved the physiological status of Asellus at pH lower than 6.0. Since the presence of Asellus did not increase the mortality or decrease the physiological status of Gammarus, this could be explained by Asellus feeding on Gammarus that died from physiological stress solely. This mechanism suggests that food quality, and thus effects of diffuse competition, can be important for the ability to withstand acid stress. The results, though, give no support for the hypothesis that competition from Asellus is important for the disappearance of Gammarus during the acidification of streams.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Hargeby Adoi
10.1007/BF00317482subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1990-03-01 00:00:00pages
348-354issue
3eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939pii
10.1007/BF00317482journal_volume
82pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::Home range data were collected concurrently from four syntopic browsing ruminant species in a conserved savanna ecosystem. Mean home range areas were: giraffe (Giraffa camelopardalis) 282 km2; kudu (Tragelaphus strepsiceros) 21.9 km2; impala (Aepyceros melampus) 5.82 km2; steenbok (Raphicerus campestris) 0.62 km2. Hom...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00319416
更新日期:1990-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The up-regulation of secondary metabolic pathways following herbivore attack and the subsequent reduction in herbivore performance have been identified in numerous woody plant species. Eucalypts constitutively express many secondary metabolites in the leaves, including terpenes and formylated phloroglucinol compounds ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1042-x
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::11 fruit fly species captured at 47 sites in a natural forest area at Cooloola (south-east Queensland) revealed specific patterns of spatial abundance. Although all species were collected throughout the study area, D. bryoniae, D. mayi, D. neohumeralis and D. tryoni were more prevalent (average number caught per trap)...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00376882
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the impact of multiple stressors on ecosystems is of pronounced importance, particularly when one or more of those stressors is anthropogenic. Here we investigated the role of physical disturbance and increased nutrients on reefs dominated by the canopy-forming kelp Ecklonia radiata. We combined experime...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-014-2907-9
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The duration times of the eggs, nauplii and copepodites of Cyclops vicinus and Eudiaptomus gracilis were obtained, by experiment, at 5, 10, 15 and 20°C. In contrast with previously published work on copepod development, the ovigerous females, used in the cultures at these temperatures, were removed from a water storag...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00344742
更新日期:1974-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microtus duodecimcostatus in a mediterranean vole which is not known to display spectacular increases in population numbers as in some microtine species. A population was studied in southern France with a capture-recapture method. The population included resident adults which have a high and constant survival rate (mo...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00649505
更新日期:1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies have shown that green sunfish, Lepomis cyanellus, have strong effects on the activity, habitat use, social interactions and mating dynamics of a stream-dwelling water strider, Aquarius remigis (family Gerridae, hence, gerrids). In nature, however, stream pools often contain not just sunfish and water ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328544
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested the hypothesis that generally higher levels of herbivory on bittercress in sun vs in shade, especially by leaf miners, were related to the earlier phenological development of plants in the sun. Naturally-occurring plants in the sun were taller and had longer leaves than did those in the shade during the firs...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378247
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The photosynthetic responses of a range of trebouxioid lichens were investigated to determine whether variations in net assimilation rates shown by populations of the same species collected from different habitats could be correlated with adjustments in carbon-concentrating mechanism (CCM) activity. The activity of a ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050387
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bromus tectorum L. dominates sites of large-scale disturbance, while Poa pratensis L. dominates the sites of small-scale disturbance in the Festuca/Symphoricarpos habitat type in eastern Washington (USA). The role of incident irradiation in influencing these distributions was examined using field and glasshouse experi...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00377187
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breeding birds were censused along four elevational gradients in the Adirondack Mountains, New York, and the Green Mountains, Vermont. The bird communities of the four gradients were basically similar in species composition, richness and amplitude patterns. Three measures of species diversity decreased with increasing...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345296
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Herbivore-induced defences appear ubiquitous across most biomes and habitats. Yet the direct correlation between induced changes in host plant chemistry and the population dynamics of the herbivore remain untested in many systems. In plant-herbivore interactions in the terrestrial environment, indirect or tritrophic i...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0601-2
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite many studies highlighting the widespread occurrence and effects of resource movement between ecosystems, comparatively little is known about how anthropogenic alterations to ecosystems affect the strength, direction and importance of such fluxes. Hydrological regime and riparian land use cause well-documented ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3462-8
更新日期:2016-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osmoderma eremita is a species of beetle that inhabits hollows in ancient trees, which is a habitat that has decreased significantly during the last century. In southeastern Sweden, we studied the metapopulation dynamics of this beetle over a 25 year period, using capture-mark-recapture. The metapopulation size had be...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-020-04794-7
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to assess the role of parasitoids in the regulation of non-outbreaking populations of Epirrita autumnata, a geometrid lepidopteran with outbreaking populations in northern Europe, we examined the temporal and spatial variation of larval parasitism in southwestern Finland during 6 successive years. The study w...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420000346
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Conspecific attraction is the preferential settlement into habitat patches with conspecifics. To be a good proximate strategy, fitness gains from settling with conspecifics must outweigh the costs of higher conspecific densities, such as intraspecific competition. Two types of benefits have been proposed to explain co...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-006-0419-y
更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In five California evergreen trees and shrubs cooccurring in this study but most common in habitats of different moisture availability, leaf nitrogen was a major determinant of photosynthetic capacity. Within each species, stomatal conductance was highly correlated with photosynthetic capacity, resulting in little var...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00376856
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::At constant cladode temperature the stomatal resistance of O. inermis increased when the cladode-air vapor pressure difference was increased and stomatal resistance decreased when the cladode-air vapor pressure difference was lowered. Net CO2 fixation in the dark was very responsive to these humidity dependent changes...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00344837
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spatial genetic patterns can be influenced by a broad range of factors across a landscape. The hypothesis that heterogeneous vegetation and habitat fragmentation rather than water flow influence genetic patterns in two riparian plant species with different niches was tested. Genotyping by sequencing was used to assess...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-018-4226-z
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fungal feeding soil invertebrates feed on a wide spectrum of fungal species suggesting that mixed diets increase fitness. We investigated relationships between food preferences for seven saprophytic fungal species/forms and fitness parameters (mortality, growth, time to reproduction, reproduction, egg size) in two Col...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1513-7
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pressure to escape natural enemies may shape how herbivorous insects use their plant resources. On wild crucifers, ovipositional preferences of the diamondback moth (Plutella xylostella; DBM) were similar to searching preferences of its main parasitoid, an ichneumonid wasp (Diadegma insulare). But on cultivated cr...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317166
更新日期:1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Climate change due to greenhouse gas emissions is predicted to raise the mean global temperature by 1.0-3.5°C in the next 50-100 years. The direct and indirect effects of this potential increase in temperature on terrestrial ecosystems and ecosystem processes are likely to be complex and highly varied in time and spac...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420000544
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Climate change is driving species range shifts worldwide. However, physiological responses related to distributional changes are not fully understood. Oceanographers have reported an increase in ocean temperature in the northwest Iberian Peninsula that is potentially related to the decline in some cold-temperate inter...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-012-2324-x
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The theory that early successional plants and annual plants will be less well defended against generalist herbivores than later successional plants and perennial plants, because they avoid herbivores by escaping in space and time, is evaluated. The theory is not supported in the ecosystem examined. The correlation bet...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00348094
更新日期:1975-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Damaged cotton plants in which reproductive organs were manually removed to simulate shedding induced by Helicoverpa spp. (Lepidoptera) were compared with undamaged controls grown under contrasting availability of resources. Plant growth and partitioning were analysed and fruit mass was taken as a measure of compensat...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00329698
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of feeding of the mirid bug Capsodes infuscatus on fruit production of the geophyte Asphodelus ramosus was studied in a desert area in Israel. Plant and bug densities and percent loss of fruit production were measured in a relatively dry lower colluvial slope, an intermediate upper colluvial slope, and a re...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328960
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Predawn water potential of representative plant species, together with stable isotope composition of stem water and potential water sources were investigated in four low-elevation tropical hardwood hammocks in the Lower Florida Keys, during a one year period. Hammock species had the lowest water potentials when soil w...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317270
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental plots covering a 120 years' observation period in unthinned, even-aged pure stands of common beech (Fagus sylvatica), Norway spruce (Picea abies), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris), and common oak (Quercus Petraea) are used to scrutinize Reineke's (1933) empirically derived stand density rule [see text], N=tr...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-005-0126-0
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments are described that were designed to investigate the effects of food availability and rate of exploitation on the growth and production of populations of Folsomia candida (Willem). In an initial experiment in which there was excess food it was found that increasing the rate of exploitation resulted in incre...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00346294
更新日期:1971-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Predation by Saduria entomon on the depositfeeding amphipods Monoporeia (=Pontoporeia) affinis and Pontoporeia femorata was studied in laboratory experiments. Prey vulnerabilities were compared in singleprey treatments and in mixed-prey treatments, where the proportions of the two species were varied at one total dens...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317777
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00