Abstract:
:The community structure of sedentary organisms is largely controlled by the outcome of direct competition for space. Understanding factors defining competitive outcomes among neighbors is thus critical for predicting large-scale changes, such as transitions to alternate states within coral reefs. Using a spatially explicit model, we explored the importance of variation in two spatial properties in benthic dynamics on coral reefs: (1) patterns of herbivory are spatially distinct between fishes and sea urchins and (2) there is wide variation in the areal extent into which different coral species can expand. We reveal that the size-specific, competitive asymmetry of corals versus fleshy algae highlights the significance of spatial patterning of herbivory and of coral growth. Spatial dynamics that alter the demographic importance of coral recruitment and maturation have profound effects on the emergent structure of the reef benthic community. Spatially constrained herbivory (as by sea urchins) is more effective than spatially unconstrained herbivory (as by many fish) at opening space for the time needed for corals to settle and to recruit to the adult population. Further, spatially unconstrained coral growth (as by many branching coral species) reduces the number of recruitment events needed to fill a habitat with coral relative to more spatially constrained growth (as by many massive species). Our model predicts that widespread mortality of branching corals (e.g., Acropora spp) and herbivorous sea urchins (particularly Diadema antillarum) in the Caribbean has greatly reduced the potential for restoration across the region.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Sandin SA,McNamara DEdoi
10.1007/s00442-011-2156-0subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-04-01 00:00:00pages
1079-90issue
4eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939journal_volume
168pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::Many ecologically generalized populations are composed of relatively specialized individuals that selectively consume a subset of their population's diet, a phenomenon known as 'individual specialization'. The Niche Variation Hypothesis posits that this individual specialization can arise during ecological release if ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-014-3200-7
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::For organisms that exhibit complex life cycles, resource conditions experienced by individuals before metamorphosis can strongly affect phenotypes later in life. Such resource-induced effects are known to arise from variation in resource quantity, yet little is known regarding effects stemming from variation in resour...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3387-2
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. The defecation behavior of the parasitoid larvae of Aleochara curtula in the Calliphora puparium was described. After occupation of the puparium the first-instar larva begins to defecate. With these excrements the larva closes the entry hole. Afterwards the first-instar larva as well as later the second-instar larv...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345127
更新日期:1973-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Caterpillars of Maculinea arion are obligate predators of the brood of Myrmica sabuleti ants. In the aboratory, caterpillars eat the largest available ant larvae, although eggs, small larvae and prepupae are also palatable. This is an efficient way to predate. It ensures that newly-adopted caterpillars consume the fin...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317247
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aboveground herbivory is well known to change plant growth and defence. In contrast, effects of soil organisms, acting alone or in concert, on allocation patterns are less well understood. We investigated separate and combined effects of the endogeic earthworm species Aporrectodea caliginosa and the root feeding nemat...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1306-0
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is no correlation between protein-precipitating capacity and either total phenolic or proanthocyanidin content of extracts of mature foliage from six species of oaks: Quercus alba (white oak), Q. bicolor (swamp white oak), Q. macrocarpa (bur oak), Q. palustris (pin oak), Q. rubra (red oak), and Q. velutina (blac...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378394
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Plant species composition is changing across many landscapes, but it is unclear how these changes affect habitat quality for animals. We used functional diversity and community-weighted mean (CWM) trait values for four plant traits (litter N, P, lignin and soluble phenolics) to explore how changes in plant species com...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2856-8
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, ecologists have been more interested in organisms feeding at the tops of food chains than in organisms feeding at or near the bottom. The problem of taxonomic and trophic inconsistency within and among described food webs is central to criticisms of contemporary food web research. To study the effects of...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050310
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, we investigated whether free-living insectivorous water pipits (Anthus spinoletta) choose prey according to biochemical quality as measured by protein, lipid, carbohydrate, energy and water contents and/or according to profitability as measured by density, size and catchability. Food preference - expres...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050884
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Correlates of individual plant escape from seed predation were investigated for an East African population of the shrub Crotalaria pallida (Papilionaceae) in which seed mortality due to chewing insects is high and varies among neighboring individuals. Several plant properties expected to influence phytophagous insect ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345167
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effects of intraguild predation (IGP) and interference competition on an endangered dragonfly, Aeshna viridis Eversm. (Odonata: Anisoptera). A. viridis is rare in Europe due to the decrease in suitable habitats harboring the macrophyte Stratiotes aloides L. Stratiotes plants are the principal ovipositi...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1559-6
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::In mutualistic interactions, partners obtain a net benefit, but there may also be costs associated with the provision of benefits for a partner. The question of whether aphids suffer such costs when attended by ants has been raised in previous work. Transgenerational effects, where offspring phenotypes are adjusted ba...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2659-y
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Temperature regulation and oxygen consumption were examined in two species of grasshoppers: Melanoplus sanguinipes from cold alpine tundra at elevation 3,800 m, and Trimerotropis pallidipennis from hot desert habitats at elevation 250 m. Both species utilized behavioral thermoregulation to keep body temperature (T b )...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378228
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::To preserve biodiversity and ecosystem functions in a globally changing world it is crucial to understand the effect of land use on ecosystem processes such as pollination. Floral colouration is known to be central in plant-pollinator interactions. To date, it is still unknown whether land use affects the colouration ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2627-6
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::I used a combination of laboratory experiments and field surveys to examine the role that population-specific predation risk may play in shaping the life history strategy of a stream-dwelling isopod Lirceus fontinalis. Two focal populations were identified that were exposed to different predator types. The first popul...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00334410
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endozoochory plays a prominent role for the dispersal of seed plants, and dispersal vectors are well known. However, for taxa such as ferns and bryophytes, endozoochory has only been suggested anecdotally but never tested in controlled experiments. We fed fertile leaflets of three ferns and capsules of four bryophyte ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-012-2536-0
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Existing models of microtine population regulation and life history evolution rely on data derived from empirical studies which assume spatial homogeneity of the sampling unit, and infer that population dynamics can be described adequately by aggregation of individuals differing in sex, age and social status. These as...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00378834
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Blue-footed boobies (Sula nebouxii) in the Galápagos Islands nest at coastal sites such as cliff edges if Nazca boobies (S. granti) are absent. However, if sympatric with nesting Nazca boobies, they nest nearby, but farther inland, in areas with little topographical relief. Nazca boobies nest at the coastal sites whet...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-0992-7
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined in the laboratory the feeding response of two populations of the generalist herbivorous snail Arianta arbustorum (Helicidae) towards the composite Adenostyles alliariae and towards various allelochemicals. These were: a pyrrolizidine alkaloid (PA) extract of Adenostyles leaves; senecionine (a PA present ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317373
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ant metapleural glands secrete surface antibiotics that affect pollen as well as bacteria and fungi. This may be one reason why ant pollination is rare. It is predicted that pollination by ants is possible only in the presence of certain ant and/or plant traits. Two traits are investigated; first, absence of the metap...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328160
更新日期:1990-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::During a severe outbreak of sarcoptic mange (Sarcoptes scabiei vulpes) starting among red foxes (Vulpes vulpes) in Sweden in the 1970s, we studied: 1) the establishment and spread of the disease in northernmost Sweden (by inquiries), and 2) the 1970-84 bag records for foxes and mountain hares (Lepus timidus) (an alter...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379412
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested (1) how the presence of a diverse soil faunal community affects ecosystem carbon balance and (2) whether habitat patchiness modifies the influence of soil fauna on plant growth and carbon dynamics. We constructed cylindrical microcosms that contained coniferous forest humus and different litter materials eit...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420100701
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Atriplex sagittata is a heterocarpic species producing three types of fruits which differ in morphology and ecological properties. This study focused on variation in biomass allocation into particular fruit types under different density and fertilization levels. The reduction in total weight under stressful conditions...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050761
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analysed the spatial and temporal pattern of egg laying in great spotted cuckoo females using microsatellite typing to determine parentage of the eggs and nestlings found in host (magpie) nests. The results showed that there were no exclusive laying territories in the study area. Cases of multiparasitism could be d...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050660
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Seed predation can cause substantial seed losses and influence plant population dynamics, but the impact depends on the extent to which populations are limited by seed availability or favorable microsites for recruitment. Harvester ants are the dominant post-dispersal seed predators in Australia's tropical savannas, a...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-018-4061-2
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural abundance of (15)N and [N] was studied in thalli of mat-forming lichens collected from tundra and heathland sites in the northern and southern hemispheres. The study includes samples of British Cladonia portentosa from sites in regions of high and low N-loading and in heathland growing both directly on peat an...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1201-z
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of defoliation of alder (Alnus glutinosa) on subsequent herbivory by alder leaf beetle (Agelastica alni) were studied in ten alder stands in northern Germany. At each site, one tree was manually defoliated (c. 20% of total foliage) to simulate herbivory. Subsequent damage by A. alni was assessed on ten ald...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420000482
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sea lion and seal populations in Alaskan waters underwent various degrees of decline during the latter half of the twentieth century and the cause(s) for the declines remain uncertain. The stable carbon ((13)C/(12)C) and nitrogen ((15)N/(14)N) isotope ratios in bone collagen from wild Steller sea lions (Eumetopias jub...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420100756
更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mortality estimates for the immature stages of two butterfly species, Danaus plexippus and D. chrysippus, were obtained by observing the survival of egg cohorts on different sized patches of food plants (Asclepias spp.), over a one-year period. Losses were variable (0-100%) but usually high (90% and over) throughout t...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00545664
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the manner in which animals adjust the proportion of energy allocated to growth and storage in response to food availability. We compared univariate growth and length-mass relationships between juvenile adders (Vipera berus) reared under two different feeding regimes. Animals in the low- and high-food expe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00329041
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00