Mixed inoculations of a microsporidian parasite with horizontal and vertical infections.

abstract：:Breeding birds were censused along four elevational gradients in the Adirondack Mountains, New York, and the Green Mountains, Vermont. The bird communities of the four gradients were basically similar in species composition, richness and amplitude patterns. Three measures of species diversity decreased with increasing...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Able KP,Noon BR

更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Leaf water relationships were studied in four widespread forest tree species (Ilex opaca Ait., Cornus florida L., Acer rubrum L., and Liriodendron tulipifera L.). The individuals studied all occurred on the same site and were selected to represent a range of growth forms and water relationships in some of the principa...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Roberts SW,Strain BR,Knoerr KR

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The absence of essential biochemical nutrients, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids or sterols, has been considered as a mechanism determining trophic interactions between the herbivore Daphnia and its phytoplankton food source. Here, we experimentally quantify the sensitivity of two Daphnia species to decreasing amou...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Martin-Creuzburg D,Wacker A,von Elert E

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genets of Trifolium repens (white clover) were collected from three patches of old permanent pasture dominated by Agrostis capillaris, Holcus lanatus or Lolium perenne. Plants derived from the genets were grown with plants of one grass species present on one side of each T. repens, and a different grass species on the...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Turkington R,Hamilton RS,Gliddon C

更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increasing concern about loss of biodiversity and its effects on ecosystem functioning has triggered a series of manipulative experiments worldwide, which have demonstrated a general trend for ecosystem functioning to increase with diversity. General mechanisms proposed to explain diversity effects include complementa...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Tobner CM,Paquette A,Reich PB,Gravel D,Messier C

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lack 18:125-128 (1967) proposed that clutch size in precocial species was regulated by nutrients available to females during breeding. Drent and Daan 68:225-252 (1980) proposed the individual optimization hypothesis, whereby individual state determines the optimal combination of breeding date and clutch size. Neither ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Sedinger JS,VanDellen AW,Leach AG,Riecke TV

更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cottonwoods are dominant riparian trees of the western United States and are known for their propensity to hybridize. We compared the decomposition of leaf litter from two species (Populus angustifolia and P. fremontii) and their hybrids. Three patterns were found. First, in one terrestrial and two aquatic experiments...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Driebe EM,Whitham TG

更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seed number per pod is negatively skewed in Leucaena leucocephala. Post-fertilisation abortion of pods does not completely explain the skewed distribution. It is shown that a pre-fertilisation regulation effectively restricts the formation of pods with less than a certain number of seeds. The regulation is rendered th...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Ganeshaiah KN,Uma Shaanker R,Shivashankar G

更新日期：1986-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seed predation can cause substantial seed losses and influence plant population dynamics, but the impact depends on the extent to which populations are limited by seed availability or favorable microsites for recruitment. Harvester ants are the dominant post-dispersal seed predators in Australia's tropical savannas, a...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Setterfield SA,Andersen AN

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Naïveté can occur within any novel antagonistic interaction, and competitive forces play a fundamental role in shaping community structure, yet competitive naïveté has received very little attention in the literature to date. Naïveté towards a novel competitor is unlikely to result in immediate mortality, but could po...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Heavener SJ,Carthey AJ,Banks PB

更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vein placement has been hypothesised to control leaf hydraulic properties, but the ecophysiological significance of variation in vein placement in the angiosperms has remained poorly understood. The highly diverse Neotropical Bromeliaceae offers an excellent system for exploring understudied relationships between leaf...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Males J

更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasticity of plant traits is commonly quantified by comparing different phenotypes at the same age. In this paper, we present a method in which the effect of resource conditions on plant weight is used as a basis for quantifying the plasticity of individual plant traits. Abutilon theophrasti individuals were grown in...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Rice SA,Bazzaz FA

更新日期：1989-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A search for desiccation tolerant grasses in India revealed nine grass species (in the genera Eragrostiella, Oropetium and Tripogon) whose ability to recover from airdryness had not previously been reported. Dry leaves of these species recover uninjured within 24 h of plants receiving water. Desiccation tolerance limi...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Gaff DF,Bole PV

更新日期：1986-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The comparative responses of photosynthesis and growth to salinity were investigated for two C3 and one C4 species native to the tidal marshes of the San Francisco Bay-Sacramento River estuary of Northern California. At low salinities (0 or 150 meq l-1), where photosynthetic rates were maximal for all species, the C4 ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Pearcy RW,Ustin SL

更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is considerable variation in cannibalism between different species and also between individuals of different species, although relatively little is known about what creates this variation. We investigated the degree of cannibalism in guppy (Poecilia reticulata) populations originating from high and low predation...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Nilsson KA,Lundbäck S,Postavnicheva-Harri A,Persson L

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The validity of nutrient use efficiency as a central concept in ecosystem ecology has recently been subject to challenge based upon arguments over autocorrelation of data, interpretation of graphical approaches, and appropriate statistical analyses. Much of the confusion on the measurement and interpretation of nutrie...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Pastor J,Bridgham SD

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interspecific hybridization is an important and common evolutionary mechanism, but field-based evaluations of changes in realized niches and zonation patterns of native and exotic hybrids relative to those of their parental plant species are rare. Would native hybrids forming hybrid zones between their parental specie...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Gallego-Tévar B,Curado G,Grewell BJ,Figueroa ME,Castillo JM

更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We used a laboratory assay to partition the effects of predation and intraspecific competition on the establishment, mating success, and brood development of an endophytic herbivore. We selected a system in which the same predator feeds both exophytically and endophytically on the same prey, to evaluate the role of he...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Aukema BH,Raffa KF

更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the sessile hermit crab Discorsopagurus schmitti, four different feeding techniques are described: antennary beating, body-trap feeding, feeding on wafting particles, and scraping. This species' potential for being a generalist in its diet and opportunistic in its foraging behavior certainly opened the way for a se...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Gherardi F

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Argyrodes antipodianus is a small kleptobiotic spider that steals prey from webs of the large orb-weaving spider Nephila plumipes, and sometimes removes the web itself. We used experiments in a greenhouse to test how the presence of the kleptobiont, differences in food availability, and web damage affected fitness of ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Grostal P,Walter DE

更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Larvae of the sessile marine invertebrate Bugula neritina (Bryozoa) are protected by an effective chemical defense. From the larvae, we isolated three bryostatin-class macrocyclic polyketides, including the novel bryostatin 20, that deterred feeding by a common planktivorous fish that co-occurs with B. neritina. A uni...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Lopanik N,Lindquist N,Targett N

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although ontogenetic changes in the carbon isotope ratios of marine fauna have been well studied those of freshwater organisms have not. As a result, we may have a less than adequate assessment of the incorporation of allochthonous detritus into freshwater foodwebs. This study found a δ13C range of 9‰ for crayfish (Or...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： France R

更新日期：1996-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although consumers often rely on chemical information to optimize their foraging strategies, it is poorly understood how top carnivores above the third trophic level find resources in heterogeneous environments. Hyperparasitoids are a common group of organisms in the fourth trophic level that lay their eggs in or on t...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Cusumano A,Harvey JA,Dicke M,Poelman EH

更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:For organisms with restricted mobility, density dependence may occur on spatial scales much smaller than that of the whole population. Averaging densities over whole populations in such organisms gives a more or less inaccurate description of the real variation in competitive intensity over time and space. The potenti...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Einum S,Nislow KH

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Predation by invasive species is a major threat to the persistence of naïve prey. Typically, this negative effect is addressed by suppressing the population size of the invasive predator to a point where the predation pressure does not hinder the viability of the prey. However, this type of intervention may not be eff...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： García-Díaz P,Binny RN,Anderson DP

更新日期：2021-01-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Traditionally it has been thought that most boreal forest communities lack a significant input of biologically fixed nitrogen. Recent discoveries of nitrogen fixation by cyanobacteria associated with mosses have resulted in a re-evaluation of this view. While it is recognized that rates of nitrogen fixation in mosses ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Markham JH

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Phenological synchrony between herbivorous insects and host plants is an important determinant of insect distribution and abundance. Non-native insects often experience novel climates, photoperiods, and host plants. How critical time periods of insect life cycles coincide with-or diverge from-phenological windows of h...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Ward SF,Moon RD,Herms DA,Aukema BH

更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A large number of herbaceous and woody plants from tropical woodland, savanna, and monsoon forest were analysed to determine the impact of environmental factors (nutrient and water availability, fire) and biological factors (microbial associations, systematics) on plant delta(15)N values. Foliar delta(15)N values of h...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Schmidt S,Stewart GR

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cladoceran hatching frequency can easily be calculated from observed egg age distribution and estimated egg development time. The large timelag errors of models incorporating birth rates in the equation are avoided, and the population growth rate can be estimated directly. ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Johnsen G

更新日期：1983-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Predator-prey interactions between small mammals and their avian and mammalian predators have attracted much attention. However, large-scale field experiments examining small-mammal antipredatory responses under the risk of predation by mammals are rare. As recently pointed out, the scale of experiments may cause misl...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Jonsson P,Koskela E,Mappes T

更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00