Abstract:
:A large number of herbaceous and woody plants from tropical woodland, savanna, and monsoon forest were analysed to determine the impact of environmental factors (nutrient and water availability, fire) and biological factors (microbial associations, systematics) on plant delta(15)N values. Foliar delta(15)N values of herbaceous and woody species were not related to growth form or phenology, but a strong relationship existed between mycorrhizal status and plant delta(15)N. In woodland and savanna, woody species with ectomycorrhizal (ECM) associations and putative N(2)-fixing species with ECM/arbuscular (AM) associations had lowest foliar delta(15)N values (1.0-0.6 per thousand ), AM species had mostly intermediate delta(15)N values (average +0.6 per thousand ), while non-mycorrhizal Proteaceae had highest delta(15)N values (+2.9 to +4.1 per thousand ). Similar differences in foliar delta(15)N were observed between AM (average 0.1 and 0.2 per thousand ) and non-mycorrhizal (average +0.8 and +0.3 per thousand ) herbaceous species in woodland and savanna. Leguminous savanna species had significantly higher leaf N contents (1.8-2.5% N) than non-fixing species (0.9-1.2% N) indicating substantial N acquisition via N(2) fixation. Monsoon forest species had similar leaf N contents (average 2.4% N) and positive delta(15)N values (+0.9 to +2.4 per thousand ). Soil nitrification and plant NO(3)(-) use was substantially higher in monsoon forest than in woodland or savanna. In the studied communities, higher soil N content and nitrification rates were associated with more positive soil delta(15)N and plant delta(15)N. In support of this notion, Ficus, a high NO(3)(-) using taxa associated with NO(3)(-) rich sites in the savanna, had the highest delta(15)N values of all AM species in the savanna. delta(15)N of xylem sap was examined as a tool for studying plant delta(15)N relations. delta(15)N of xylem sap varied seasonally and between differently aged Acacia and other savanna species. Plants from annually burnt savanna had significantly higher delta(15)N values compared to plants from less frequently burnt savanna, suggesting that foliar (15)N natural abundance could be used as marker for assessing historic fire regimes. Australian woodland and savanna species had low leaf delta(15)N and N content compared to species from equivalent African communities indicating that Australian biota are the more N depauperate. The largest differences in leaf delta(15)N occurred between the dominant ECM Australian and African savanna (miombo) species, which were depleted and enriched in (15)N, respectively. While the depleted delta(15)N of Australian ECM species are similar to those of previous reports on ECM species in natural plant communities, the (15)N-enriched delta(15)N of African ECM species represent an anomaly.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Schmidt S,Stewart GRdoi
10.1007/s00442-002-1150-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-03-01 00:00:00pages
569-77issue
4eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939journal_volume
134pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::The family of orchids involves a number of critically endangered species. Understanding of drivers of their landscape distribution could provide a valuable insight into their decline. Our objectives were to develop models predicting distribution of selected orchid species-four co-occurring forest orchid species, Cepha...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-019-04427-8
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi form relationships with higher plants; plants transfer C to fungi, and fungi transfer nutrients to their host. While evidence indicates that this interaction is largely mutualistic, less is known about how nutrient supply and EM associates may alter C and nutrient exchanges, especially in in...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2734-4
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Organic carbon-rich sediments from the surface of fresh, intermediate, brackish and salt marshes of coastal Louisiana were sampled and analyzed for their 13C content. The average ∂13C from all sites within each wetland type was-27.8‰,-22.1‰,-16.9‰, and-16.2‰, for fresh, intermediate, brackish and salt marshes, respect...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379369
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::11 fruit fly species captured at 47 sites in a natural forest area at Cooloola (south-east Queensland) revealed specific patterns of spatial abundance. Although all species were collected throughout the study area, D. bryoniae, D. mayi, D. neohumeralis and D. tryoni were more prevalent (average number caught per trap)...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00376882
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Climate change is disrupting species interactions by altering the timing of phenological events such as budburst for plants and hatching for insects. We combined field observations with laboratory manipulations to investigate the consequences of climate warming on the phenology and performance of the eastern tent cate...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3371-x
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most models of parental investment in offspring assume a trade-off between propagule size and number, and an increasing "concave down" function relating offspring fitness to propagule size. In this study, we test these two fundamental assumptions, using three closely related species of crickets, Gryllus firmus, G. vel...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00329806
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influence of fluctuating light intensities on phytoplankton composition and diversity was investigated for 49 days under semi-continuous culture conditions with sufficient nutrient supply, using phytoplankton assemblages from Lake Biwa, Japan. Light conditions were either periodically changed from high intensity (...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-002-1048-8
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most food webs use taxonomic or trophic species as building blocks, thereby collapsing variability in feeding linkages that occurs during the growth and development of individuals. This issue is particularly relevant to integrating parasites into food webs because parasites often undergo extreme ontogenetic niche shif...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2806-5
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::When testing census data of insect populations for regulation, and/or for overall density dependence in the course of numbers over years, certain conditions, which follow from the testing models, should be fulfilled. Even if the series of densities may be considered a piece of first-order Markov chain (a necessary con...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00324631
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this study was to evaluate the contribution of oak trees (Quercus spp.) and their associated mycorrhizal fungi to total community soil respiration in a deciduous forest (Black Rock Forest) and to explore the partitioning of autotrophic and heterotrophic respiration. Trees on twelve 75 × 75-m plots were gir...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-011-2182-y
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental filtering and niche differentiation are processes proposed to drive community assembly, generating nonrandom patterns in community trait distributions. Despite the substantial intraspecific trait variation present in plant communities, most previous studies of trait-based community assembly have used spe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-012-2351-7
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Developmental periods are integral components of life history strategies that can have important fitness consequences and vary enormously among organisms. However, the selection pressures and mechanisms causing variation in length of developmental periods are poorly understood. Particularly puzzling are prolonged deve...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-005-0220-3
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid and often remote location of suitable habitats used by migrating organisms is often critical to their subsequent recruitment, fitness and survival, and this includes in the marine environment. However, for the non-feeding post-larval stage of spiny lobsters, effective settlement cues for habitat selection ar...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3251-4
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arafura filesnakes (Acrochordus arafurae) are large (up to 2.5 m, 5 kg) aquatic nonvenomous snakes that feed entirely on fishes. A 10-year field study in the Australian wet-dry tropics revealed strong correlations between rainfall patterns, fish abundance, and snake population dynamics. All of these characteristics sh...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050008
更新日期:2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the effects of intraguild predation (IGP) and interference competition on an endangered dragonfly, Aeshna viridis Eversm. (Odonata: Anisoptera). A. viridis is rare in Europe due to the decrease in suitable habitats harboring the macrophyte Stratiotes aloides L. Stratiotes plants are the principal ovipositi...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1559-6
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the manner in which animals adjust the proportion of energy allocated to growth and storage in response to food availability. We compared univariate growth and length-mass relationships between juvenile adders (Vipera berus) reared under two different feeding regimes. Animals in the low- and high-food expe...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00329041
更新日期:1996-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The tendency of mammals to increase or decrease body size with respect to geography or time depends on the abundance, availability, and size of resources. This dependency accounts for a change in mass with respect to geography, including latitude (Bergmann's rule), a desert existence, and life on oceanic islands (the ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-010-1621-5
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Larger nymphs within aquatic insect taxa have been frequently observed to be transported down-stream in the stream drift only at night. Others have hypothesized this pattern results primarily from large nymphs' behavioural avoidance of entering drift during daylight, when size-selective, visually-feeding fish predator...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317723
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Amazonian non-flooded forests with a moderate dry season, many trees do not form anatomically definite annual rings. Alternative indicators of annual rings, such as the oxygen (δ(18)Owc) and carbon stable isotope ratios of wood cellulose (δ(13)Cwc), have been proposed; however, their applicability in Amazonian fore...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-015-3509-x
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stratospheric ozone depletion has caused ground-level ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation to rise in temperate latitudes of both hemispheres. Because the effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on the nutrition of food consumed by mammalian herbivores are unknown, we measured nutritional and chemical constituents of 18 forages ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-0978-1
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is illustrated theoretically that in a heterogeneous habitat the dispersal of individuals, even when it is random and density-independent, may have a pronounced effect of raising the average reproductive rate of the whole population, in addition to the effect of stabilization in the usual sense of reducing its vari...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00376909
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Size thresholds commonly underlie the induction of alternative morphological states. However, the respective importance of absolute and relative size to such thresholds remains uncertain. If absolute size governs expression, morph frequency should differ among environments that influence absolute sizes (e.g. resources...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-020-04723-8
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stable isotope analyses are often used to calculate relative contributions of multiple food sources in an animal's diet. One prerequisite for a precise calculation is the determination of the diet-tissue fractionation factor. Isotopic ratios in animals are not only affected by the composition of the diet, but also by ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-003-1429-7
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::1 Intake of food, fat, protein and carbohydrates and their fecal output were recorded during the annual body weight cycle of the garden warbler, and old-world longdistance migratory bird species, and the efficiencies of food and nutrient utilization, defined as the ratio (intake-fecal output)/intake, were calculated. ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379483
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The life history of freshwater cladocerans such as Daphnia spp. is strongly affected by their environment. Factors such as temperature, food quantity and even the presence or absence of predators influence growth, reproduction and morphology of individuals. Recently, it has also become clear that the quality of the fo...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-009-1452-4
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fungal feeding soil invertebrates feed on a wide spectrum of fungal species suggesting that mixed diets increase fitness. We investigated relationships between food preferences for seven saprophytic fungal species/forms and fitness parameters (mortality, growth, time to reproduction, reproduction, egg size) in two Col...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1513-7
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In long-lived species, adult survival is the population parameter having the highest elasticity, and therefore, it can be expected to be least affected by climatic variations. We studied the dynamics and survival of breeding female common eiders Somateria mollissima mollissima in the Baltic Sea from 1960 to 2007. Usin...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-1265-x
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::As the impact of anthropogenic activities intensifies worldwide, an increasing proportion of landscape is converted to early successional stages every year. To understand and anticipate the global effects of the human footprint on wildlife, assessing short-term changes in animal populations in response to disturbance ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3613-6
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amphicarpum purshii is an annual grass which mostly grows in disturbed areas of the New Jersey Pine Barrens, USA. It is amphicarpic, producing spikelets (and seeds) both above and below the soil surface. Previous research has shown that subterranean seed production ensures reproduction in the event of a major disturba...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00385265
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::During summer, 1971, a massive outbreak of red tide resulted in defaunation of a previously characterized sandy, intertidal habitat in upper Old Tampa Bay, Tampa, Florida. Repopulation of the polychaete fauna was studied from August, 1971, to July, 1973. A transect composed of 4 stations running from just below mean h...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00344711
更新日期:1976-06-01 00:00:00