Abstract:
:Developmental periods are integral components of life history strategies that can have important fitness consequences and vary enormously among organisms. However, the selection pressures and mechanisms causing variation in length of developmental periods are poorly understood. Particularly puzzling are prolonged developmental periods, because their selective advantage is unclear. Here we tested the hypotheses that immune function is stronger in species that are attacked at a higher rate by parasites and that prolonged embryonic development allows the development of this stronger immune system. Through a comparative field study among 12 coexisting passerine bird species, we show that species with higher blood parasite prevalence mounted stronger cellular immune responses than species with lower prevalence. These results provide support for the hypothesis that species facing greater selection pressure from parasites invest more in immune function. However, species with longer incubation periods mounted weaker cellular immune responses than species with shorter periods. Therefore, cellular immune responses do not support the hypothesis that longer development time enhances immunocompentence. Future studies should assess other components of the immune system and test alternative causes of variation in incubation periods among bird species.
journal_name
Oecologiajournal_title
Oecologiaauthors
Palacios MG,Martin TEdoi
10.1007/s00442-005-0220-3subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-01-01 00:00:00pages
505-12issue
4eissn
0029-8549issn
1432-1939journal_volume
146pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
OECOLOGIA文献大全abstract::Weight losses from sweet chestnut and beech leaves, attributable to biotic and abiotic breakdown processes, leaching and microbial decomposition have been studied using tethered leaves and litter bags. The experimental sites were two adjacent areas of deciduous woodland. In one area (the Castanea site) a mor-like mode...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00347566
更新日期:1973-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Temperature is a powerful correlate of large-scale terrestrial and marine diversity patterns but the mechanistic links remain unclear. Whilst many explanations have been proposed, quantitative predictions that allow them to be tested statistically are often lacking. As an important exception, the metabolic theory of e...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-010-1866-z
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although host preferences in phytophagous insects may be generated by several factors, few studies have simultaneously examined several potential host choice determinants. In this study we tested the impact of the following potential host choice determinants on host preference of the semi-aquatic lepidopteran Munroess...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420100662
更新日期:2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Future climate scenarios forecast a 10-50% decline in rainfall in Eastern Amazonia. Altered precipitation patterns may change important ecosystem functions like decomposition through either changes in physical and chemical processes or shifts in the activity and/or composition of species. We experimentally manipulated...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-018-4123-5
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several studies published over the last years suggest that the ability of many species to cope with global change will be closely related to the current amount of plasticity for fitness-related traits. Thus, disentangling general patterns in phenotypic flexibility, which could be then included in models aimed to predi...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2682-z
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::During five consecutive growing seasons (winters) ca. 110 plants of the desert geophyte Bellevalia desertorum were marked individually in a 25 m2 plot on a south-facing slope in the central Negev Desert of Israel. The number of rosette leaves of each plant was recorded, as well as whether it flowered and produced seed...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00380164
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Debate on the control of population dynamics in reef fishes has centred on whether patterns in abundance are determined by the supply of planktonic recruits, or by post-recruitment processes. Recruitment limitation implies little or no regulation of the reef-associated population, and is supported by several experimen...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00328615
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relative importance of allelopathy and resource competition in plant-plant interactions has been vigorously debated but seldom tested. We used activated carbon to manipulate the effects of root exudates of Centaurea maculosa, a noxious weed in much of western North America, on root elongation rates and growth of t...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420000533
更新日期:2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding the differences in fine-root traits among different species is essential to gain a detailed understanding of resource conservation and acquisition strategies of plants. We aimed to explore whether certain root traits are consistent among subsets of species and characterize species together into meaningfu...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-019-04546-2
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Crucian carp (Carassius carassius) increases in body depth in response to chemical cues from piscivores and the deeper body constitutes a morphological defence against gape-limited piscivores. In the field, deep-bodied individuals suffer a density-dependent cost when competing with shallow-bodied conspecifics. Here, w...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050901
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding climatic controls on tropical forest productivity is key to developing more reliable models for predicting how tropical biomes may respond to climate change. Currently there is no consensus on which factors control seasonal changes in tropical forest tree growth. This study reports the first comprehensiv...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2766-9
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In annual pastures utilized for grazing, the amount and quality of the standing dry matter in the dry season is of importance for the performance of the animals. Often both characteristics decline at the end of the green season. It is shown, that dispersal of the reproductive structures of the vegetation may be the ma...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00349199
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In five California evergreen trees and shrubs cooccurring in this study but most common in habitats of different moisture availability, leaf nitrogen was a major determinant of photosynthetic capacity. Within each species, stomatal conductance was highly correlated with photosynthetic capacity, resulting in little var...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00376856
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vernal ponds in the boreal region, egg-over-wintering Agabus species form a guild that feeds mainly on larvae and pupae of aedine mosquitoes. The regular co-existence of very similar Agabus species indicates local communities not structured by interspecific competition. However, the lower number of species in local...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00379611
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We tested (1) how the presence of a diverse soil faunal community affects ecosystem carbon balance and (2) whether habitat patchiness modifies the influence of soil fauna on plant growth and carbon dynamics. We constructed cylindrical microcosms that contained coniferous forest humus and different litter materials eit...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420100701
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Population dynamics of attached algae in a eutrophic farmland stream (Wellow Brook, England) were correlated through multiple regression analyses with changes in 7 physico-chemical parameters (temperature, light, water velocity, pH, NO3-N, P2O5-P, SiO2-Si). Samples were taken every 2 weeks for 25 consecutive months be...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00345700
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Small marine invertebrates often use sessile organisms as microhabitats, which can provide food sources and/or serve as refugees from predators. Because of the availability of external food items such as epibionts and detritus in the marine environment, these invertebrates may not depend on the sessile organisms as so...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-007-0941-6
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothesis that cooperative breeding entails a cost in terms of transmission of ectoparasites was tested by a comparative analysis among sympatric Australian passerines. The general trend found using the allometry method and outgroup analysis indicates that contagious ectoparasites are not more common on cooperati...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00317470
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soil amelioration by a wood-ant species and its consequences for the larval performance of autumnal moths feeding on mountain birch were studied at various distances from the nest mound. Soil nitrate and ammonium nitrogen did not show any clear relationship with distance. However, trees growing in the mound had over 2...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004420050403
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Like many polyphagous herbivores, individuals of Sarasinula plebeia (Fischer) (Soleolifera: Veronicellidae) consume a variety of plant species that may differ in nutritional content. In this study we determined the ability of these slugs to compensate for such variation in diet composition. Dilution with water of an a...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00320809
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The turnover of plant biomass largely determines the amount of energy flowing through an ecosystem and understanding the processes that regulate turnover has been of interest to ecologists for decades. Leaf life span theory has proven useful in explaining patterns of leaf turnover in relation to resource availability,...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3674-6
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple studies have examined the effects of clouds on shoot and canopy-level microclimate and physiological processes; none have yet done so on the scale of individual plant crowns. We compared incident photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), leaf temperatures, chlorophyll fluorescence, and photosynthetic gas exc...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-016-3799-7
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding community dynamics during early life stages of trees is critical for the prediction of future species composition. In Mediterranean forests drought is a major constraint for regeneration, but likely not the only factor determining the observed spatial patterns. We carried out a sowing experiment aimed at...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-014-3064-x
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osmoderma eremita is a species of beetle that inhabits hollows in ancient trees, which is a habitat that has decreased significantly during the last century. In southeastern Sweden, we studied the metapopulation dynamics of this beetle over a 25 year period, using capture-mark-recapture. The metapopulation size had be...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-020-04794-7
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although an increase in competition is a common cost associated with intraspecific crowding, spatial aggregation across food-limited resource patches is a widespread phenomenon in many insect communities. Because intraspecific aggregation of competing insect larvae across, e.show $132#g. fruits, dung, mushrooms etc., ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-004-1629-9
更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::In altricial mammals and birds, the presence of a large number of litter or brood mates often affects the development of individual offspring by reducing the share of resources provided by the parents. However, sibling presence can also be favourable, conferring thermoregulatory benefits when ambient temperatures are ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-008-0958-5
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amphibian life history traits are affected by temperature and precipitation. Yet, connecting these relationships to population growth, especially for multiple populations within a species, is lacking and precludes our understanding of amphibian population dynamics and distributions. Therefore, we constructed integral ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-020-04731-8
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sensitivity of carbon (C) assimilation to within-canopy nitrogen (N) allocation and of stomatal conductance (g s) to environmental variables were investigated along a vertical canopy gradient in a fertile Norway spruce [Picea abies (L.) Karst.] stand. Maximum rates of ribulose bisphosphate-saturated carboxylation ...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00442-013-2703-y
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Prosopis is a genus of phreatophytic trees inhabiting hot deserts and semiarid grasslands of the world. Although desert trees are exposed to unusual environmental temperature and water stress, few investigations have evaluated their water relations. This is particularly true for Prosopis species growing in areas where...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00348050
更新日期:1981-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::1. Aspects of colonization by freshwater invertebrates on artificial substrata (macrophyte models) placed in the benthos of a eutrophic lake were studied. 2. Colonization was rapid, with equilibrium occuring at about 35 days. The colonization rate curve decreased with time but extinction rate remained constant. 3. Pre...
journal_title:Oecologia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/BF00344574
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00