Abstract:
:This article reviews the unique pharmacological properties of methadone and outlines its appropriate clinical application, with focus upon its use in the treatment of chronic pain. Although methadone is most widely known for its use in the treatment of opioid dependence, methadone also provides effective analgesia. Patients who experience inadequate pain relief or intolerable side effects with other opioids or who suffer from neuropathic pain may benefit from a transition to methadone as their analgesic agent. Adverse effects, particularly respiratory depression and death, make a fundamental knowledge of methadone's pharmacological properties essential to the provider considering methadone as analgesic therapy for a patient with chronic pain.
journal_name
Postgrad Med Jjournal_title
Postgraduate medical journalauthors
Brown R,Kraus C,Fleming M,Reddy Sdoi
10.1136/pgmj.2004.022988subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-11-01 00:00:00pages
654-9issue
949eissn
0032-5473issn
1469-0756pii
80/949/654journal_volume
80pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:INTRODUCTION:Rapid response systems (RRSs) have been introduced to facilitate effective 'rescue' of seriously ill patients on hospital wards. While research has demonstrated some benefit, uncertainty remains regarding impact on patient outcomes. Little is known about the relationship between social contexts and the app...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj-2011-000147rep
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Workforce studies show a declining proportion of UK junior doctors proceeding directly to specialist training, with many taking career breaks. Doctors may be choosing to delay this important career decision. AIM:To assess doctors' views on the timing of choosing a clinical specialty. METHODS:Surveys of two...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2017-135460
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fifteen patients who had undergone a 14 inches X 4 inches jejuno-ileal bypass operation for obesity, 3 to 4 years earlier, were investigated by iliac bone biopsy, radiology and routine biochemistry, including 25-hydroxy-vitamin D and parathyroid hormone estimations. Two patients had histological osteomalacia which was...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.59.691.299
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Interstitial nephritis is an inflammatory process within the renal interstitium, and was one of the first observations made in the description of renal histopathology. Many different conditions are associated with an interstitial nephritis, and as a clinical diagnosis the term has little use unless causation is define...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.73.857.151
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 61-year-old patient with treated Conn's syndrome due to multiple bilateral adrenocortical adenomata developed primary hyperparathyroidism. At operation, a parathyroid adenoma and a thyroid colloid nodule were found. Although adrenocortical adenomata and hyperplasia are common findings in multiple endocrine adenopath...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.56.651.45
更新日期:1980-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with irreversible chronic kidney disease who require dialysis immediately are a subset of ultra late referrals for whom the term chronic kidney disease presenting acutely might usefully be applied. Although well known to nephrologists and recognised as a specific group with considerable problems, li...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2009.078956
更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A 33-year-old housewife with a 14-year history of relapsing polyneuropathy of unknown cause who has apparently responded to azathioprine therapy is described. The place of this form of treatment in idiopathic polyneuropathy is discussed. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.56.660.734
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical features, treatment and survival of 36 patients with microscopic polyarteritis diagnosed between 1957-1988 have been reviewed. All had a focal segmental necrotizing glomerulonephritis on renal biopsy with evidence of a small vessel vasculitis. Most had a prodromal illness of less than 1 month. Severity of...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.65.766.515
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Attention is drawn to the fact that in a number of types of short-limbed dwarfism a precise diagnosis can be made in the neonatal period. Examples are given and the prognostic and genetic implications are discussed. It is important to be able to advise parents of the likely outlook for the infant and of the genetic im...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.53.618.204
更新日期:1977-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Colonic strictures are very common and are a frequent finding on double contrast barium examination; they very often reflect the presence of malignancy, diverticular disease, ischaemia, inflammatory bowel disease, and rarely mycobacterial disease. A case of mycobacterial disease mimicking malignancy is presented; this...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of sulphasalazine in inflammatory bowel disease is often limited by intolerance or allergy. In previous studies 5-aminosalicylic acid (5ASA), the active ingredient of sulphasalazine, coated with an acrylic resin, has been shown to be as effective as sulphasalazine in maintaining remission. In this study coated...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.61.722.1047
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The acute haemodynamic effects of endralazine, a new hydralazine-like vasodilating agent, were studied in 6 patients with stable angina pectoris and proven coronary artery disease. Twenty minutes after intravenous administration of 5 mg endralazine heart rate and cardiac index increase, while mean arterial blood press...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1983-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart involvement by amyloid deposition remains the most challenging of all organ sytems that may become involved, in what is generally a systemic disease. The correct diagnosis of amyloid type is critical to selection of the appropriate and wide range of therapies. The treatment of amyloid heart disease comprises two...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2012-130854
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antenatal appendicular perforation leading to localized meconium peritonitis and intestinal obstruction is reported in a premature neonate. The baby was successfully treated by a limited ileocaecal resection. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.63.745.1001
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Under certain circumstances, living wills or advance directives may carry legal force in the UK. This paper traces the development of advance directives, clarifies their current legal position and discusses potential problems with their use. Case histories are used to illustrate some of the common dilemmas which docto...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.74.869.151
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The characteristics of three combinations of thiopentone and etomidate [in the ratios of thiopentone (mg):etomidate (mg) of 5:1, 13:1 and 25:1] have been compared with the individual agents alone for the induction of anaesthesia. The incidence of pain on injection and abnormal movements was less with the combination c...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/pgmj.66.777.539
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epilepsy is common and serious (prevalence 750 per 100 000) and has an impact upon employment, education, and driving. The diagnosis requires a detailed history including witness account. Clinicians must distinguish seizures particularly from syncope and psychogenic attacks. Electroencephalography and magnetic resonan...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2004.029298
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ultrasound guidance has been reported to facilitate the performance of lumbar punctures (LPs). However, the use of ultrasound guidance has not yet received consistent conclusions. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the efficacy of ultrasound-guided LPs. PubMed, Embase and the Cochrane Libr...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-138238
更新日期:2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three cases of severe and irreversible alopecia occurring in patients with common variable immunodeficiency are described. In all three cases, hair loss developed after the diagnosis of immune deficiency; one of the patients also had extensive vitiligo. A fourth patient had vitiligo in the absence of alopecia. No chan...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.67.785.291
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of nilvadipine on the peripheral circulation in the lower extremities using a duplex system of two-dimensional colour and pulse Doppler ultrasonography were studied in 32 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and mild essential hypertension. The patients (19 men and 13 women) were randomly divided into tr...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/pgmj.71.840.613
更新日期:1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of intrahepatic cholestatic jaundice following warfarin therapy is described. The patient made a complete recovery on withdrawal on the drug. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.56.659.671
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To audit the current UK outpatient workload and compare this to the national standards as set out by the British Association of Urological Surgeons (BAUS) in A Quality Urological Service for Patients in the New Millennium published in October 2000. PARTICIPANTS:520 UK (NHS) and 21 Republic of Ireland (non-NH...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2004.020693
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to assess the neurohormonal responses to oral administration of two drugs with different antihypertensive mechanisms, and their implications for long-term efficacy, we studied the changes in plasma renin activity, aldosterone, catecholamines and blood pressure after two cross-over periods of treatment with ca...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical significance of the abnormalities seen at left ventriculography in ischaemic heart disease is discussed. Aneurysms may be recognized when left ventriculography is combined with coronary arteriography to show the characteristic obliteration of the supplying artery. Localized areas of abnormal contraction s...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.54.627.16
更新日期:1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Liver transplantation is the accepted treatment for a wide variety of liver diseases in children. Over the past 10 years a number of innovative surgical techniques have been developed to overcome the shortage of size matched donors particularly in children less than 5 years of age. Graft and patient survival at one ye...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/pgmj.2003.018598
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread in nearly 200 countries in less than 4 months since its first identification; accordingly, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID 2019) has affirmed itself as a clinical challenge. The prevalence of pre-existing cardiovascular diseases in patients wi...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2020-138080
更新日期:2020-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::There is an increasing awareness on the part both of the media and the profession of the need to co-operate in providing information and education on medical matters. This co-operation should be strongly encouraged. Where children are concerned the opportunities for education are great. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.54.629.225
更新日期:1978-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two cases of patients with ischaemic colitis requiring operative treatment are presented. Both had received a commonly used psychotropic drug in large dosage before the acute episode. Evidence is produced which may link the drugs used with the condition of ischaemic colitis. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.60.706.564
更新日期:1984-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two cases of widespread cutaneous vasculitis are described in association with diltiazem, a recently introduced calcium antagonist. In both cases, spontaneous resolution occurred over several weeks following withdrawal of the drug. ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/pgmj.64.752.467
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PPCI) programmes vary in admission criteria from open referral to acceptance of electrocardiogram (ECG) protocol positive patients only. Rigid criteria may result in some patients with acutely occluded coronary arteries not receiving timely reperfusion therapy. OB...
journal_title:Postgraduate medical journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/postgradmedj-2012-130818
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00