Abstract：
:In the past 3 years, more than 125 patients have undergone primary and secondary lower blepharoplasty by the transconjunctival method. The ability to adequately remove fat with this approach has been impressive. Exposure of the central and medial fat compartments is excellent. The lateral fat pad area is not as easy to visualize, and care must be taken to assure that adequate fat removal is achieved. Although one might suspect that postoperative conjunctival irritation could be a problem with this procedure, this has been notably absent in our patient population. In addition, there have been remarkably few patients with dry eye complaints following transconjunctival lower blepharoplasty. The question of skin resection must also be addressed. Currently, we believe that the majority of patients seeking improvement of the lower eyelids benefit most by a transconjunctival blepharoplasty without skin resection (Figs. 3 and 4). When there is obvious skin excess, we believe that it is best approached by removing the fat through the transconjunctival incision and then removing skin with a simple skin flap or skin pinch technique. This must be done considerably more conservatively than has been recommended in the past, to retain a natural palpebral fissure. Secondary skin removal, if necessary, is a straightforward procedure that can be readily done under local anesthesia at a later date. Transconjunctival lower blepharoplasty has not been associated with prolonged (exceeding 1 month) lower lid retraction problems in any of our patients. The technique is easy to learn but does require some experience with the anatomy. The technique should become the basic procedure for correction of excess fat in the lower eyelids.
journal_name
Clin Plast Surgjournal_title
Clinics in plastic surgeryauthors
Zarem HA,Resnick JIsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-04-01 00:00:00pages
351-6issue
2eissn
0094-1298issn
1558-0504journal_volume
19pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Cutaneous infections are common occurrences in clinical practice. Plastic surgeons need to recognize the varied presentations of cutaneous infections because they may mimic cutaneous malignancies or be a harbinger of underlying disease. We have reviewed the diagnosis and management of some of the more common bacterial...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have presented the evolution of our current methods of breast reconstruction, which utilize the tissue expander in a variety of ways. We strongly support the concept that expansion should occur in the subcutaneous layer of the lower thoracic region. It is, after all, the region occupied by a mature breast that has ...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Each year, there are as many cases of nonmelanoma skin cancer as all other cancers combined. Although there is relatively low attributable mortality, the morbidity and expense of treatment is significant. Unlike many other malignancies, host and environmental factors relevant to the pathophysiology have been clearly d...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cps.2004.11.009
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Simultaneous breast augmentation and mastopexy is a common procedure often considered to be one of the most difficult cosmetic breast surgeries. One-stage augmentation mastopexy was initially described more than 50 years ago. The challenge lies in the fact that the surgery has multiple opposing goals: to increasing th...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cps.2015.06.008
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Craniofacial growth is a complex phenomenon. Knowing the starting blocks and the ultimate function, the pathways leading to the "finished product" become only a matter of connecting the dots. ...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article discusses the use of Radiesse; a semisolid, cohesive subdermal injectable implant. Through direct and invaluable experience gained over time, plastic surgeons will decide which areas of the face may best be suited for Radiesse and which may be appropriate for other fillers. ...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cps.2006.08.002
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Craniofacial surgery has evolved through an era of refinement and finesse, both in techniques and in results. Tissue expansion offers an opportunity to improve the quantity and quality of tissue available for these procedures. It may also be of benefit in long-term molding of the craniofacial skeleton during growth of...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Bone grafting or bone replacement is an integral part of craniofacial surgery. Most craniofacial surgeons prefer the use of autogenous bone; however, there are exceptions to this, because some plastic surgeons prefer the use of alloplastic implants for replacement of parts or missing segments in the craniomaxillofacia...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endoscopic evaluation of the patient with head and neck cancer is important in the precise diagnosis and staging of the disease, as well as in ruling out synchronous disease. Various types of instruments and techniques may be employed in this evaluation. Endoscopic surgery for malignant disease may play a role in the ...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The priorities, timing, techniques, and philosophies of reconstruction of the burned face are outlined in this article. Each anatomic area is analyzed, and the appropriate procedure is described. ...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Laser technology has evolved rapidly in the last 2 decades. The theory of selective photothermolysis guides the proper selection and use of lasers to safely and effectively treat patients. This review summarizes the basic concepts and adjustable parameters for laser devices, emphasizing the importance of selective pho...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cps.2011.02.007
更新日期：2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distinction between primary and secondary syndactyly is made on the basis of their relation to the morphogenesis. The latter is associated with antecedent malformation which results in subsequent refusion of parts. Based on these considerations, a practical classification is suggested. The management of the variou...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1976-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pre-expanded perforator flaps, a combination of tissue expansion with perforator flaps, are emerging as another landmark of plastic surgery. This flap inherits the characteristics of both perforator flaps and expanded flaps, making it a highly versatile option in reconstructive surgery. However, the definition of the ...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cps.2016.09.008
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The principle objective of presurgical nasoalveolar molding (NAM) is to reduce the severity of the initial cleft deformity. This enables the surgeon and the patient to enjoy the benefits associated with a repair of a cleft deformity that is of minimal severity. Retraction of the premaxilla, presurgical elongation of t...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/S0094-1298(03)00140-8
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To understand the functional anatomy of the lower limb, one must apply one's knowledge of the gross anatomy to the gait cycle. Gait analysis then leads to a better understanding of the function and dysfunction seen in the lower limb. Data from biochemical studies help one appreciate the forces the major joints are sub...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nerve imaging is an important component in the assessment of patients presenting with suspected peripheral nerve pathology. Although magnetic resonance neurography and ultrasound are the most commonly utilized techniques, several promising new modalities are on the horizon. Nerve imaging is useful in localizing the ne...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cps.2019.12.003
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Technologic advances have made routine use of some form of monitoring mandatory in modern burn care. Nevertheless, not all patients require all forms of monitoring. Patients with minimal burns require only minimal monitoring (vital signs, 24-hour urine output, biochemical and hematologic profile). Larger burns, associ...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The main goals of treating severe crush injuries are debriding away devitalized tissue and filling any resultant dead space with vascularized tissue. In the authors' experience, the most ideal methods for soft tissue coverage in treating crush injuries are the iliac flap, the adipofascial lateral arm flap, and the gra...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cps.2016.11.002
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Face transplantation can provide improved quality of life to patients with extensive burn injuries. Facial vascularized composite allotransplantation (VCA) offers a new paradigm of treatment options, serving as a powerful reconstructive tool to restore facial form and function. Although currently facial VCA patients m...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cps.2017.05.017
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article presents the clinical features of a spectrum of pigmented lesions. It begins with benign lesions that may be confused with melanocytic nevi, such as lentigines, seborrheic keratoses, and dermatofibromas. The next section focuses on the various types of melanocytic nevi, including congenital, blue, and Spi...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the development of modern microsurgical reconstruction, there are several alternative methods for the complicated head and neck defect or injured extremity. The double-paddled flap, double flaps, and double flap with vascular flow-through linkage are good tools for extensive wide, composite, and three-dimensional...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0094-1298(03)00046-4
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The technique of mandibular reconstruction utilizing rigid internal fixation and vascularized bone grafts has been described. This type of repair should be considered in all patients undergoing mandibular resection for head and neck malignancies. Although no ideal method of reconstruction has yet been described, it ap...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Office endoscopy is an accepted safe alternative to in-hospital care. Attention to detail will help to ensure that the vast majority of procedures will be successfully completed without incident. Although there are regional differences, in many parts of North America office endoscopy has become mainstream, and is pref...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cps.2013.04.006
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An angiosome is a composite block of tissue that is supplied anatomically by source (segmental or distributing) vessels that span between the skin and bone. In addition to supplying the deep tissues, the source vessels of these angiosomes supply branches to the overlying skin, which pass either between the deep tissue...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0094-1298(03)00034-8
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article presents the author's personal philosophy for treatment of various abdominal wall defects resulting from surgical complications and unfavorable results of previous abdominal interventions. The purpose is not to discuss and analyze care and management of all soft tissue complications encountered after abdo...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.cps.2005.12.003
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Because the chin, like the nose, occupies a prominent position in the face, it must also be assessed in planning any changes in the facial profile. For example, a large nose associated with a microgenia does not appear as large when the chin is augmented. A chin increased in the vertical dimension confers an excessive...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proper care of the patient with a vascular anomaly requires the expertise of multiple specialists. Because of the need for an interdisciplinary approach, several vascular anomalies centers have now been developed across the world. A hematologist/oncologist provides clinical acumen in establishing a correct diagnosis a...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cps.2010.08.002
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The vascular anatomy of perforators varies between individuals; thus, accurate preoperative assessment of perforators is essential for safely planning perforator flaps. Perforator computed tomographic angiography (P-CTA) with multidetector-row computed tomography (MDCT) is one of the best available methods to precisel...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cps.2016.09.004
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Techniques to improve the chance of successful replantation of digits are well established. Indications and contraindications for replantation are generally agreed on, but they continue to evolve as excellent outcomes are achieved at centers with experience and expertise. Form and function can be restored with avulsio...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cps.2014.03.010
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traumatic nerve injuries are common conditions treated by hand surgeons, and the optimal treatment of a severed nerve requires providing a healthy wound bed, generous trimming to healthy nerve substance, and a minimal-tension approximation. The gold standard for repair of a critical nerve gap has been the nerve autogr...
journal_title：Clinics in plastic surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.cps.2014.03.006
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
