Long-term Pseudomonas colonization in spinal cord injury patients.

abstract：:Before the 1970s, today's older Americans were exposed to high levels of lead in the environment. The authors previously reported that lifetime cumulative lead dose was associated with lower cognitive test performance in older adults. Experiments suggest that environmental stress may intensify the detrimental influenc...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Glass TA,Bandeen-Roche K,McAtee M,Bolla K,Todd AC,Schwartz BS

更新日期：2009-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A cohort of 888 rural, nonaboriginal persons with non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus identified in Western Australia through surveys in 1978-1982 were followed for death until the end of 1986. A total of 257 deaths were observed. Excess mortality in this cohort as compared with the general Australian population w...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Knuiman MW,Welborn TA,Whittall DE

更新日期：1992-03-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity and smoking are independently associated with a higher mortality risk, but previous studies have reported conflicting results about the relationship between these 2 time-varying exposures. Using prospective longitudinal data (1987-2007) from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, our objective in the p...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Banack HR,Kaufman JS

更新日期：2016-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In the absence of strong assumptions (e.g., exchangeability), only bounds for causal effects can be identified. Here we describe bounds for the risk difference for an effect of a binary exposure on a binary outcome in 4 common study settings: observational studies and randomized studies, each with and without simple r...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Breskin A,Westreich D,Cole SR,Edwards JK

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Incidence trends in acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) demonstrate disparities by race and ethnicity. We used data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results Registry to evaluate patterns in ALL incidence from 2000-2016, including the association between the percent of people born in a foreign country at the ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Feng Q,de Smith AJ,Vergara-Lluri M,Muskens IS,McKean-Cowdin R,Kogan S,Brynes R,Wiemels JL

更新日期：2020-10-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The absence of any standard definition of suicide cluster events hinders understanding of the prevalence of the problem, hinders the development of appropriate public health responses to observed clusters, and ultimately hinders investigation of the mechanisms underlying contagious communication of suicidal behavior. ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Gibbons RD,Clark DC,Fawcett J

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A society's social structure and the interactions of its members determine when key drivers of health occur, for how long they last, and how they operate. Yet, it has been unclear whether causal inference methods can help us find meaningful interventions on these fundamental social drivers of health. Galea and Hernán ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Jackson JW,Arah OA

更新日期：2020-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Mean levels of total cholesterol by sex and age were compared between groups of whites in visit 2 of the Lipid Research Clinics Program Prevalence Study and in the second National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES II). NHANES II estimates were found to be higher than comparable visit 2 estimates by 3-14 ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Kalsbeek WD,Kral KM,Wallace RB,Rifkind BM

更新日期：1988-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Systolic and diastolic blood pressures provide information about cardiovascular disease (CVD) but are only extremes of the pressure waveform during the cardiac cycle. We developed summaries of the pressure decay, called PTC1 and PTC2, that are related to arterial compliance and to an existing proprietary summary that ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Brumback LC,Jacobs DR,Duprez DA

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cervical condyloma and cervical intraepithelial neoplasia are related to human papillomavirus infections, some of which may be involved in the etiology of cancer of the uterine cervix. This case-control study was designed to assess the relation of age at first sexual intercourse, number of sexual partners, and cigaret...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Brisson J,Roy M,Fortier M,Bouchard C,Meisels A

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cigarette smoking is becoming increasingly common in Asia while quitting remains rare, in part because of a lack of knowledge about the risks of smoking. This study compared the risk of death from lung cancer associated with smoking habits in Australia and New Zealand and in Asia by using data from the Asia Pacific Co...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Huxley R,Jamrozik K,Lam TH,Barzi F,Ansary-Moghaddam A,Jiang CQ,Suh I,Woodward M,Asia Pacific Cohort Studies Collaboration.

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Breast cancer is diagnosed at a younger age and a more advanced stage in African-American women than in White women. The authors investigated the effects of several factors, including race, on stage of breast cancer in women aged 20-54 years living in Atlanta, Georgia, and diagnosed between 1990 and 1992. A total of 2...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hahn KM,Bondy ML,Selvan M,Lund MJ,Liff JM,Flagg EW,Brinton LA,Porter P,Eley JW,Coates RJ

更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Simulation studies using susceptible-infectious-recovered models were conducted to estimate individuals' risk of infection and time to infection in small-world and randomly mixing networks. Infection transmitted more rapidly but ultimately resulted in fewer infected individuals in the small-world, compared with the ra...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Christley RM,Pinchbeck GL,Bowers RG,Clancy D,French NP,Bennett R,Turner J

更新日期：2005-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A randomized field trial was conducted in Tecumseh, Michigan, to test the efficacy of virucidal nasal tissues in interrupting transmission of respiratory agents in the household. In the double-blinded trial, 296 households were stratified by household size and randomly assigned to the group using treated tissues and t...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Longini IM Jr,Monto AS

更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Differential survival associated with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) was evaluated in a cross-country study using four population-based IDDM cohorts from Japan (n = 1,374), Israel (n = 610), Allegheny County, Pennsylvania (n = 995), and Finland (n = 5,144). For the purpose of this cross-country comparison,...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors：

更新日期：1995-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors used a transgenerational data set of Illinois vital records to ascertain the relation between parental birth weights and infant birth weight. The infant generation consisted of all African Americans and whites born in Illinois during 1989-1991. The parent generation included the mothers and fathers who wer...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Coutinho R,David RJ,Collins JW Jr

更新日期：1997-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The quality of proxy reporting was assessed among 136 prenatal patients and their spouse/partners recruited from the obstetric services of a New Jersey hospital between 1985 and 1987. The concordance, sensitivity, and specificity of proxy reports about partners' occupation, smoking, and drinking were examined in relat...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hatch MC,Misra D,Kabat GC,Kartzmer S

更新日期：1991-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiovascular malformations were examined for white/black variation in the Baltimore-Washington Infant Study. In this population-based case-control study, cases (n = 2,087) were live births with cardiovascular malformations ascertained through pediatric cardiology centers and 53 hospitals in Maryland, the District of...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Correa-Villaseñor A,McCarter R,Downing J,Ferencz C

更新日期：1991-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:This case-control study evaluated the risk of epithelial ovarian cancer associated with genital exposure to various forms of powder application. Cases included all women aged 20-79 years in three counties of western Washington who were diagnosed with borderline or invasive ovarian cancer from 1986 through 1988; 64.3% ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Cook LS,Kamb ML,Weiss NS

更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1,3-Butadiene and styrene are suspected carcinogens and common chemicals used in the synthesis of rubber. To investigate any potential human hazards from exposure to these chemicals, a case-control study of 59 lymphohematopoietic cancers was conducted within a cohort of male workers employed between 1943 and 1982 in e...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Santos-Burgoa C,Matanoski GM,Zeger S,Schwartz L

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors evaluated the progression of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) disease from the date of seroconversion to the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) and death among 362 well-documented seroconverters. The participants were homosexual men in hepatitis B vaccine trials in Amsterda...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Hessol NA,Koblin BA,van Griensven GJ,Bacchetti P,Liu JY,Stevens CE,Coutinho RA,Buchbinder SP,Katz MH

更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This paper introduces the projection methods for describing and testing the differences between pairs of continuous distributions. These methods include the projection plot, the projection spline, and the iter-1 test. The projection plot displays the difference between corresponding quantiles against the average of th...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Jones CP

更新日期：1997-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Flaws in the design of randomized trials may bias intervention effect estimates and increase between-trial heterogeneity. Empirical evidence suggests that these problems are greatest for subjectively assessed outcomes. For the Risk of Bias in Evidence Synthesis (ROBES) Study, we extracted risk-of-bias judgements (for ...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Savovic J,Turner RM,Mawdsley D,Jones HE,Beynon R,Higgins JPT,Sterne JAC

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is expanding consensus on the need to modernize the training of cancer epidemiologists to accommodate rapidly emerging technological advancements and the digital age, which are transforming the practice of cancer epidemiology. There is also a growing imperative to extend cancer epidemiology research that is etio...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Spitz MR,Lam TK,Schully SD,Khoury MJ

更新日期：2014-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Dosemeci et al. (Am J Epidemiol 1990; 132:746-8) gave examples in which nondifferential misclassification of exposure reversed the direction of a trend. Gilbert (Am J Epidemiol 1991; 134:440-1) proposed that these examples occurred because the errors in exposure were systematic, and she pointed out that the relation b...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Weinberg CR,Umbach DM,Greenland S

更新日期：1994-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In this study, we assessed the association of chronic medical conditions and multimorbidity with perceived stress among community-dwelling adults in 44 low- and middle-income countries. Data from the World Health Survey (2002-2004), including 229,293 adults, were analyzed. A perceived stress score (range, 0 (lowest st...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Vancampfort D,Koyanagi A,Ward PB,Veronese N,Carvalho AF,Solmi M,Mugisha J,Rosenbaum S,De Hert M,Stubbs B

更新日期：2017-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Nutritional conditions in early life may affect adult health, but prior studies of mortality have been limited to small samples. We evaluated the relationship between pre-/perinatal famine exposure during the Dutch Hunger Winter of 1944-1945 and mortality through age 63 years among 41,096 men born in 1944-1947 and exa...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Ekamper P,van Poppel F,Stein AD,Bijwaard GE,Lumey LH

更新日期：2015-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite growing interest and concern about men's mental health during the perinatal period, we still do not know whether men are more vulnerable to mental health problems during this time. The current study is one of the first to use longitudinal, population-based data to investigate whether becoming an expectant and/...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Leach LS,Olesen SC,Butterworth P,Poyser C

更新日期：2014-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:In an effort to determine the immune status of individuals in a natural community, neutralizing antibody titers for the three types of poliovirus were examined in 301 randomly sampled sera collected in 1966 and 308 specimens from 1971. The specimens were part of a larger collection obtained from residents of Tecumseh,...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Oberhofer TR,Brown GC,Monto AS

更新日期：1975-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several design options available in the planning stage of case-control studies are examined. Topics covered include matching, control/case ratio, choice of nested case-control or case-cohort design, two-stage sampling, and other methods that can be used for control selection. The effect of potential problems in obtain...

journal_title：American journal of epidemiology

authors： Wacholder S,Silverman DT,McLaughlin JK,Mandel JS

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00