Abstract:
:Several design options available in the planning stage of case-control studies are examined. Topics covered include matching, control/case ratio, choice of nested case-control or case-cohort design, two-stage sampling, and other methods that can be used for control selection. The effect of potential problems in obtaining comparable accuracy of exposure is also examined. A discussion of the difficulty in meeting the principles of study base, deconfounding, and comparable accuracy (S. Wacholder et al. Am J Epidemiol 1992;135:1019-28) in a single study completes this series of papers.
journal_name
Am J Epidemioljournal_title
American journal of epidemiologyauthors
Wacholder S,Silverman DT,McLaughlin JK,Mandel JSdoi
10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116398subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-05-01 00:00:00pages
1042-50issue
9eissn
0002-9262issn
1476-6256journal_volume
135pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The objective was to study changes in the occurrence of human immunodeficiency virus type 1-related Kaposi's sarcoma and the association with degree of immunodeficiency over time. Danish patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) diagnosed between 1979 and 1990 (n = 687) were followed clinically and with ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117481
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relative excess risk due to interaction (RERI) provides a useful metric of departure from additivity of effects on a relative risk scale. In this paper, the authors show that RERI is identical to the product term in a linear odds ratio or a linear relative risk model. SAS and STATA codes are provided for fitting a...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwn411
更新日期:2009-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::The value of exercise during pregnancy is controversial; both benefits and risks have been hypothesized. As empiric evidence is scant, the issue was investigated in a prospective study that assessed the impact on fetal growth of maternal exercise in each trimester of pregnancy. A cohort of over 800 prenatal patients w...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116614
更新日期:1993-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::From 1968 to 1977, the association between the level of vitamin A in serum and the subsequent incidence of cancer was examined in a longitudinal study of 36,265 persons initially aged 15-99 years in 25 population groups in Finland. During a mean follow-up of 8 years, 766 cancers were diagnosed. Serum retinol, retinol-...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115728
更新日期:1990-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Pitt County Study is a longitudinal investigation of anthropometric, psychosocial, and behavioral predictors of hypertension in African Americans who were aged 25-50 years at baseline in 1988. At baseline, a strong dose-response gradient was observed for alcohol consumption and blood pressure for both sexes. The c...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a009348
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A standardized method for examining hearts and coronary arteries was applied in a study of sudden deaths in 227 autopsies of New Orleans men aged 25-49 years. Of these autopsies, 102 deaths were due to external violence, 125 were from natural causes and 45 occurred suddenly. Of the sudden natural deaths, 14 (31%) were...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113036
更新日期:1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, independent factors representing different features of insulin resistance syndrome (Syndrome X) have been identified by factor analysis in middle-aged and elderly adult populations. In this study, factor analysis was applied to the clustering characteristics of Syndrome X in a biracial (Black-White) communit...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010069
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vital statistics data for the United States for the years 1972-1978 have been analyzed for variation in frequency of suicide by month, day of the week, day of the month, and phase of the lunar cycle. Frequency of suicide showed a peak in the spring months, a lesser peak in the fall and was lowest in December. Suicide ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113608
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Feline leukemia virus (FeLV)-associated diseases were observed in a household in eastern Connecticut having 134 cats over a period of five and a half years. FeLV-positive cats had a much higher mortality rate (34.6 deaths per 1000 cat-months of follow-up) than did FeLV-negative cats (8.9 deaths per 1000 cat-months of ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112905
更新日期:1980-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Controlling for body size and composition, the authors examined the association between estrogen therapy and bone mineral density in older African-American and Caucasian women. In 1992-1998, 443 African-American and 989 Caucasian women aged 45-87 years were assessed for medication use, laboratory variables, behavioral...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwp460
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Within the past decade, the infection control nurse (ICN) has become an important element in organized infection surveillance and control programs. Before 1970, only a few hospitals (6%) had an ICN, but, by 1977, over 80% had hired at least one ICN, the majority of those hospitals having done so since 1973. To determi...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112936
更新日期:1980-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This report of the worldwide distribution of two varieties of Cryptococcus neoformans was drawn from data on 628 clinical isolates and from data on 97 additional isolates from other laboratories. Tests showed that 100% of the cultures from Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, Germany, Holland, Italy, Switzerland, and Ja...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113861
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A recent nested case-control study found that increasing use of antibiotics was associated with a significantly elevated risk of breast cancer. The authors attempted to replicate this finding with a similar study design using the General Practice Research Database in the United Kingdom. Women aged 30-79 years who were...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwi087
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Iron, potassium, zinc, and other minerals might impact the development of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) through multiple mechanisms, but few studies have evaluated these relations. We conducted a case-control study nested within the prospective Nurses' Health Study II (1991-2001). Participants were free from PMS at base...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kws363
更新日期:2013-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Human brucellosis in Florida is documented for the 47-year period 1928-1975. Of the 936 cases reported in 1930-1975, more than half (505) occurred in the decade 1940-1949. The incidence declined rapidly to an average rate of five cases per year, although there was an increase in 1974 and 1975. The analysis is mainly c...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a112380
更新日期:1977-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors aimed to quantify the effects of current systolic blood pressure (SBP) and serum total cholesterol on the risk of mortality in comparison with SBP or serum cholesterol 25 years previously, taking measurement error into account. The authors reanalyzed 35-year follow-up data on mortality due to coronary hear...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/aje/kwk021
更新日期:2007-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Physical activity tends to decline from childhood into adulthood. Maintaining high levels of physical activity throughout life is therefore an important public health objective. Relatively little is known about changes in physical activity behavior over the life course, the domains of physical activity in which they o...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwp273
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Care for type 1 diabetes mellitus should both alleviate the physical complications of the disease and improve overall quality of life. The Wisconsin Diabetes Registry, comprising a population-based cohort that is followed longitudinally from diagnosis of type 1 diabetes, provided the authors with a unique opportunity ...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwh055
更新日期:2004-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Perceived discrimination may contribute to somatic disease. The association between perceived discrimination and breast cancer incidence was assessed in the Black Women's Health Study. In 1997, participants completed questions on perceived discrimination in two domains: "everyday" discrimination (e.g., being treated a...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwm056
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The relation between allergy and risk of cancer was evaluated in a cohort study of 34,198 Seventh-day Adventists in California. Information on prevalence of asthma, hay fever, and reactions to chemicals, medications, bee stings, and poison oak (or ivy) was obtained by questionnaire in 1976. The reported allergies must...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116494
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The associations between alcohol consumption and cigarette smoking habits and the risk for colorectal adenomatous polyps according to the detailed clinical information about polyps were assessed in a large colonoscopy-based study. The study enrolled participants who visited the National Cancer Center of the Republic o...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwr098
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the National Cancer Institute/Children's Cancer Group case-control study of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia (1989-1993), living in a home with a high-voltage wire code was not associated with disease risk. To further investigate risk near power lines, the authors analyzed distance to transmission and three-p...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a010237
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of dietary carbohydrates in weight loss has received considerable attention in light of the current obesity epidemic. The authors investigated the association of body mass index (weight (kg)/height (m)(2)) with dietary intake of carbohydrates and with measures of the induced glycemic response, using data from...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwi051
更新日期:2005-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::In a prospective study of some 20,000 pregnancies in the Child Health and Development Studies in the San Francisco East Bay area, 226 gravidas were tested for pregnancy with estrogen/progestogen preparations. The two control groups were women who were tested for pregnancy by either a serum or urine test. There were no...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a113133
更新日期:1981-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Coronary artery calcification (CAC) and common carotid artery intima-media thickness (CIMT) are measures of subclinical vascular disease. This 2000-2006 study aimed to characterize the associations among coronary artery disease risk factors, CAC quantity, and CIMT and to estimate shared genetic and environmental contr...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwn211
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We examined the association between mood disorders and risk of herpes zoster in two case-control studies using data from nationwide Danish registries and practices in the UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink. We included incident zoster cases diagnosed in general practice (using systemic antivirals as a proxy in Den...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/aje/kwx338
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence rate for acute traumatic spinal cord injury in Olmsted County, Minnesota, for 1935-1981, standardizing for age, sex, and calendar year, was 54.8 per million person-years--83.4 for males and 27.7 for females. Thirty-eight per cent of cases died prior to hospitalization. The annual incidence rate for those...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114058
更新日期:1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The authors studied temporal change in the reproducibility of a self-administered food frequency questionnaire. During 1988-1994, 492 residents of a rural Japanese town completed five questionnaires including 27 food items, with intervals ranging from 2 weeks through 5.5 years. The reproducibility decreased steadily o...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a117582
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The associations of retinol and beta-carotene plasma concentrations with eight personal variables and the use of seven classes of cardiovascular drugs were studied in over 1,750 patients with nonmelanoma skin cancer enrolled at four American study centers in a cancer prevention clinical trial. Dietary carotene and fem...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a115365
更新日期:1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the resulting loss of information, continuous exposure variables are often categorized in epidemiologic data analysis. It has been shown that nondifferential measurement error of exposure can lead to differential misclassification under these circumstances. This paper extends these findings to the misclassific...
journal_title:American journal of epidemiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a116877
更新日期:1993-09-15 00:00:00