Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:We estimated the effects of high incarceration rates on rates of sexually transmitted infections and teenage pregnancies. METHODS:We calculated correlations between rates of incarceration in state prisons and county jails and rates of sexually transmitted infections and teenage pregnancies for each of the 100 counties in North Carolina during 1995 to 2002. We also estimated increases in negative health outcomes associated with increases in incarceration rates using negative binomial regression analyses. RESULTS:Rates of sexually transmitted infections and teenage pregnancies, adjusted for age, race, and poverty distributions by county, consistently increased with increasing incarceration rates. In the most extreme case, teenage pregnancies exhibited an increase of 71.61 per 100000 population (95% confidence interval [CI]=41.88, 101.35) in 1996 after an increase in the prison population rate from 223.31 to 468.58 per 100000 population in 1995. CONCLUSIONS:High rates of incarceration can have the unintended consequence of destabilizing communities and contributing to adverse health outcomes.
journal_name
Am J Public Healthjournal_title
American journal of public healthauthors
Thomas JC,Torrone Edoi
10.2105/AJPH.2005.081760subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-10-01 00:00:00pages
1762-5issue
10eissn
0090-0036issn
1541-0048pii
96/10/1762journal_volume
96pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Smoking behavior of consistently high and low users of medical care services were compared in two groups of older health maintenance organization (HMO) members continuously enrolled for five years and a subgroup who were continuously enrolled for 10 years. Smokers and former smokers, combined, were more likely than ne...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.80.5.603
更新日期:1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We determined the relative risk of alcohol-related motor vehicle accidents and fatalities after New Mexico lifted its ban on Sunday packaged alcohol sales. We extracted all alcohol-related crashes from New Mexico police reports for 3652 days between July 1, 1990, and June 30, 2000, and found a 29% increase in alcohol-...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2005.069153
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (B.t.-k) is a microbial pesticide which has been widely used for over 30 years. Its safety for a human population living in sprayed areas has never been tested. Surveillance for human infections caused by B.t.-k among Lane County, Oregon residents was conducted during two seasons o...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.80.7.848
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined low-birthweight (LBW) rates among participants in Colorado's Prenatal Plus program by prenatal risk factors (smoking, inadequate weight gain during pregnancy, and psychosocial problems) and the effect of successful resolution of these risks during pregnancy. METHODS:Data for 3569 Medicaid-eligib...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.047068
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of this study was to elucidate changes in attitudes, experiences, readiness, and confidence levels of medical residents to perform screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment (SBIRT) and factors that moderate these changes. METHODS:A cohort of 121 medical residents received an educa...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2012.300802
更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the relationship between intimate partner violence victimization among women in the general population and emergency department use. We sought to discern whether race/ethnicity moderates this relationship and to explore these relationships in race/ethnic-specific models. METHODS:We used data on ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2006.091116
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A nine-year representative, longitudinal study of 1,598 urban elderly shows that two to eight times as many impaired or disabled are cared for in the community as in institutions. Younger age, male gender, better income, and living with others, especially children, favor continuing care in the home. ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.81.9.1207
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cigarette smoking histories, reported depth of inhalation, number of pipe and cigars (PC) smoked, serum thiocyanate (SCN) and expired air carbon monoxide (CO) levels were examined in PC male smokers enrolled in the Multiple Risk Factor Intervention Trial (MRFIT). Serum SCN levels for all PC smokers were higher than fo...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.77.11.1412
更新日期:1987-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following Hurricane Katrina, the uniformed US Public Health Service created an updated system through which its officers participated in emergency responses. The Rapid Deployment Force (RDF) concept, begun in 2006, involved five teams of officers with diverse clinical and public health skill sets organized into an inc...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304496
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined the association between the size and growth of Latino populations and hospitals' uncompensated care in California. METHODS:Our sample consisted of general acute care hospitals in California operating during 2000 and 2010 (n = 251). We merged California hospital data with US Census data for each ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2015.302583
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To investigate the effects of precursor chemical regulation aimed at reducing cocaine production on cocaine-related maternal and newborn hospital stays in the United States. METHODS:We analyzed monthly counts of maternal and neonatal stays from January 2002 through December 2013 by using a quasi-experimenta...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2017.303708
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We describe behavioral health diagnoses and community release patterns among adult male and female inmates in New Jersey prisons and assess their implications for correctional health care and community reentry. METHODS:We used clinical and classification data on a census of "special needs" inmates (those wi...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.059733
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the relationship between admission status and subsequent outcomes, 563 patients discharged during 1980 from 24 nursing homes were followed through 1982. Only 28 per cent of patients were discharged to their homes. Reconstructed life histories of 529 discharges for the two-year follow-up revealed only 38 p...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.75.7.758
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although community development and social change are not explicit goals of community-oriented primary care (COPC), they are implicit in COPC's emphasis on community organization and local participation with health professionals in the assessment of health problems. These goals are also implicit in the shared understan...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.92.11.1713
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We characterized smokers who are likely to use electronic or "e-"cigarettes to quit smoking. METHODS:We obtained cross-sectional data in 2010-2012 from 1567 adult daily smokers in Hawaii using a paper-and-pencil survey. Analyses were conducted using logistic regression. RESULTS:Of the participants, 13% rep...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2013.301453
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Just before and 4 months after initiation of a condom giveaway program, a questionnaire regarding sexual behavior and condom acquisition was administered to 103 men attending an outpatient drug abuse treatment clinic. Jars filled with a variety of condoms were placed in every clinic room. Condom taking varied as a fun...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.82.11.1536
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Data from the Western Collaborative Group Study were used to determine the extent to which the inverse association between socioeconomic status (SES) and mortality can be explained by risk factors for major causes of mortality. METHODS:The relation of education and income to subsequent mortality was studied...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.9.1231
更新日期:1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study examined the association between leisure time physical activity and cause-specific mortality among male Whitehall Study participants with chronic bronchitis. METHODS:Rate ratios were calculated for 4 mortality outcomes, according to level of activity and baseline bronchitis status, in a 25-year f...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.5.817
更新日期:2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We examined individual, friend or family, and community or tribe correlates of suicidality in a representative on-reserve sample of First Nations adolescents. METHODS:Data came from the 2002-2003 Manitoba First Nations Regional Longitudinal Health Survey of Youth. Interviews were conducted with adolescents ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300385
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:We evaluated the association of household-level stressors with depressive symptoms among low-wage nursing home employees. METHODS:Data were collected in 2006 and 2007 from 452 multiethnic primary and nonprimary wage earners in 4 facilities in Massachusetts. We used logistic regression to estimate the associ...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300323
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The evolution of the emergency medical services system in the United States accelerated rapidly between 1960 and 1973 as a result of a number of medical, historical, and social forces. Current emergency medical services researchers, policy advocates, and administrators must acknowledge these forces and their limitatio...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2004.048793
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This study evaluated the effectiveness of dietary advice in primary prevention of chronic disease. METHODS:A meta-analysis was conducted of 17 randomized controlled trials of dietary behavior interventions of at least 3 months' duration. Results were analyzed as changes in reported dietary fat intakes and b...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.2105/ajph.87.9.1415
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Selected characteristics and total medical claims of health risk appraisal (HRA) responders and non-responders were compared in a sample of employees having a three-year employment and claims history. HRA responders were younger and more likely to file medical claims than non-responders. Although mean medical claims w...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.79.7.887
更新日期:1989-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the role of Department of Defense policies in identifying theater-sustained traumatic brain injuries (TBIs). METHODS:We conducted a retrospective study of 48 172 US military service members who sustained their first lifetime TBIs between 2001 and 2016 while deployed to Afghanistan or Iraq. We use...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2018.304347
更新日期:2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The purpose of the study was to determine whether the obstetrical judgment of viability makes a difference to fetal and neonatal survival of extremely low birthweight infants (500-749 g). METHODS:We assessed the effect of the antenatal judgment of viability in a group of 66 infants born weighing from 500 to...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.85.3.362
更新日期:1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The Minnesota Heart Health Program is a 13-year research and demonstration project to reduce morbidity and mortality from coronary heart disease in whole communities. METHODS:Three pairs of communities were matched on size and type; each pair had one education site and one comparison site. After baseline su...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.84.9.1383
更新日期:1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report on the firearms used in 235 suicides in Sacramento County, California, during 1983-85. Handguns were used in 69 per cent of firearm suicides--65 per cent for males, 88 per cent for females--and in all such deaths among women ages 35 and older. We tested the hypothesis that the choice of firearms by persons c...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.78.7.824
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Our study tested the effectiveness of network methods for identifying opinion leaders and for constructing groups. METHODS:Three conditions-random, teacher, and network--ere randomly assigned to 84 6th-grade classrooms within 16 schools. Pre- and postcurriculum data on mediators of tobacco use were collecte...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2105/ajph.93.11.1837
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To assess the association with birthweight of prenatal medical care, length of gestation, and other prenatal factors, birth certificate data were studied for babies born in 1978 to mothers who were residents of Alameda or Contra Costa counties, California. Using multiple regression data analytic techniques, adequate p...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/ajph.74.9.1003
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the dissemination of principles of medical ethics in prisons, formulated and advocated by numerous international organizations, health care professionals in prisons all over the world continue to infringe these principles because of perceived or real dual loyalty to patients and prison authorities. Health car...
journal_title:American journal of public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2105/AJPH.2011.300374
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00