Abstract:
:Serum electrolyte levels by themselves may be difficult to interpret. For example, an abnormal serum potassium concentration cannot be understood without taking into account the patient's history, other serum electrolyte values, and possibly results of other laboratory tests. Knowledge of the principles of serum electrolyte concentrations, therefore, is an important adjuvant to understanding their implications.
journal_name
Postgrad Medjournal_title
Postgraduate medicineauthors
Kapsner CO,Tzamaloukas AHdoi
10.1080/00325481.1991.11701146subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-12-01 00:00:00pages
151-4, 157-8, 161issue
8eissn
0032-5481issn
1941-9260journal_volume
90pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Diabetic foot infections (DFIs) are a commonly encountered medical problem. They are associated with an increased frequency and length of hospitalization and risk for lower-extremity amputation. Furthermore, they have substantial economic consequences. Patients with diabetes mellitus are particularly susceptible to fo...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.2012.03.2541
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Albuminuria has a strong, continuous, direct, linear relationship with adverse cardiovascular (CV) outcomes and chronic kidney disease progression. Even at levels below the accepted upper limit of what is considered "normal" daily albumin excretion (< 30 mg/24 h), a relationship between albumin excretion level and adv...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.2009.07.2031
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The fact that atopic dermatitis is such a common medical problem underlies the need for better understanding of the basic disease processes and the development of new therapeutic approaches. Infection is now recognized as an important exacerbating factor, and the role of inflammatory and immunologic mediators is recei...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1984.11698671
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recognition and appropriate treatment of IBS can be challenging. A rational approach to management focuses on a positive diagnosis based on the characteristic pattern of symptoms and the exclusion of organic disorders. Dietary modification and pharmacologic therapy may be useful for relieving symptoms. Patient educati...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.1997.03.184
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pain is one of the most common problems for cancer patients, and its management is often hindered by barriers created by patients and physicians alike. By avoiding potential barriers and understanding the principles of pain management and drug selection and titration provided here by Dr Hartmann and colleagues, physic...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3810/pgm.2000.03.959
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human growth and development are a continuum starting at conception. Prenatal growth can only be estimated at present but is an important consideration in an evaluation of a child's developmental status. Postnatal growth can be assessed for size attained (distance curve) or change over time (velocity curve). Velocity ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1977.11714699
更新日期:1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In public whirlpools, low disinfectant levels and inadequate monitoring are clearly a public health concern. Implementing guidelines published by the Centers for Disease Control seems to be the most reasonable approach to preventing dermatitis in persons who use these facilities. Physicians should be on the alert for ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1991.11701042
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The patient with jaundice may be accurately diagnosed through clinical history, physical findings, and noninvasive laboratory and radiologic examinations available in most community hospitals. Ultrasonography is usually the procedure of choice in initial evaluation, but if acute cholecystitis is suspected, hepatobilia...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vasodilator therapy represents an important step forward in the treatment of chronic left ventricular failure. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors appear to be the most versatile vasodilators, but selected direct-acting vasodilators, sympathetic inhibitors (prazosin), and possibly calcium channel antagonist...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1987.11699832
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Remittent isolated palsy of peripheral or of upper cranial nerves in patients with diabetes mellitus is well documented, but paralysis of a lower cranial nerve or an isolated branch of any cranial nerve has not been previously reported. In the case described, temporary paralysis of the left recurrent laryngeal nerve c...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1988.11700420
更新日期:1988-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The dose and dosing interval for leukotriene receptor antagonists montelukast and zafirlukast in adult asthmatic patients were determined by bronchoprovocation with exercise or leukotriene D4 inhalation. Subsequent dose-ranging studies confirmed that once-daily ingestion of a 10-mg dose of montelukast was effective an...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3810/pgm.09.15.2000.suppl7.40
更新日期:2000-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Broncholithiasis, a disease that is probably much more common than has been reported, is most often associated with pulmonary infections, for example, tuberculosis and histoplasmosis. Stones originate from calcified peribronchial lymph nodes that erode into the tracheobronchial tree, but lithoptysis occurs infrequentl...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1988.11700166
更新日期:1988-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) is readily considered in patients presenting with recurrent sino-pulmonary infections, however this disease has a broad range of clinical manifestations and diagnosis can be delayed by several years. We present the case of a 44-year-old postpartum female who presented with nause...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.2016.1199250
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Syndromes of delusional misidentification consist of disordered familiarity and have been reported in diverse diagnoses, including Parkinson's disease. Although the most common delusional misidentification is Capgras syndrome, in which the sufferer believes a familiar person has been replaced by an identical imposter,...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.2018.1411161
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), which is characterized by recurrent abdominal pain and disordered bowel habits, is one of the most common functional bowel disorders. IBS is a substantial burden on both patient health-related quality of life and healthcare costs. Several pathophysiologic mechanisms have been postulated...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.2017.1383819
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Multiple lifesaving options are currently available for treatment of acute myocardial infarction as a medical emergency. Serial electrocardiography and continuous ST-segment monitoring, urgent echocardiography, rapid enzyme analysis, and cardiac catheterization may all assist in the accurate and early diagnosis of acu...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.1993.11945769
更新日期:1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of obesity and diabetes is epidemic. Severe insulin resistance (defined as the need for > or = 200 units of insulin per day to achieve glycemic control) is commonly seen with obesity and can complicate diabetes management. The management of patients with diabetes who have severe insulin resistance is di...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.2010.01.2110
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The skin is a window of internal malignancies and other diseases. The cutaneous signs of internal malignancy can be divided into four major groups: (1) hypersensitivity or toxic reactions, (2) infections, (3) metabolic disorders, and (4) tumors. A diagnosis of the many signs of systemic malignancy is made by inspectio...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1986.11699299
更新日期:1986-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Splenomegaly is usually the result of systemic disease. The differential diagnosis can logically be subdivided into infectious, hematologic, metabolic, vascular, and neoplastic diseases which result in abnormalities of the lymphoid, reticuloendothelial, or vascular components of the spleen. Splenic enlargement increas...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1979.11715123
更新日期:1979-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::When a patient presents with a hard, painless lump in the neck, one should assume that it is a cancer and that it is metastatic from a primary lesion located above the clavicle. A careful physical examination with the appropriate instruments most often will determine the site of the primary lesion. Laryngograms or lat...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1975.11714054
更新日期:1975-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although uncommon, hypertensive emergencies require prompt recognition and treatment to reduce very high morbidity and mortality rates. Admission to an intensive care unit for treatment and monitoring is essential for optimal care. A Swan-Ganz catheter is often helpful in management. Intravenous nitroprusside sodium (...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/00325481.1991.11700894
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lactose intolerance is a common condition that can cause nonspecific gastrointestinal symptoms. A reliable diagnosis cannot be made on the basis of the patient's history. The breath hydrogen test is simple, noninvasive, accurate, and inexpensive and is the diagnostic method of choice. In addition to traditional dietar...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1991.11700961
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aspirin-induced hypersensitivity affects a substantial number of people, including 20% or more of asthmatic patients. A dramatic flare of symptoms occurs after indigestion of aspirin or a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and symptoms can persist even after the agent is discontinued. Fortunately, aspirin desensitiz...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1991.11701086
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Adults with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder treated with atomoxetine were examined for time-to-onset and -resolution of common treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) and male sexual dysfunction, and for changes in blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) upon atomoxetine discontinuation. METHODS:...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1080/00325481.2015.1083394
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Epileptiform seizures occurred in a 34-year-old woman who was receiving amitriptyline and lithium carbonate therapy for treatment of endogenous depression. While receiving amitriptyline maintenance therapy, she was given lithium on two separate occasions, and despite serum levels of lithium in the therapeutic range, g...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1979.11715252
更新日期:1979-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::GRATEFUL MED is a computer program for searching the medical literature, designed with the novice in mind. It contains an extensive list of medical subject headings, so the user does not have to page through an index of key words before starting the search. Because of its efficiency and ease of operation, the program ...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1988.11700124
更新日期:1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Since the sexual revolution of the 1960s, medical complications of sexual activity and sexual side effects related to use of medications have become a significant part of healthcare practice. Specifically, there has been an expanding interest in the treatment of headaches and their relationship to sexual function. Mos...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.2001.01.824
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suprapubic bladder puncture was performed 185 times in 126 girls in a private pediatric practice. Cultures of urine obtained by aspiration confirmed symptoms as indicative of urinary tract infection in 59% of instances and confirmed positive cultures of urine obtained by voiding in 57% of instances. Since suprapubic b...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/00325481.1982.11716120
更新日期:1982-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the definition, mechanisms, epidemiology, and clinical sequelae of the metabolic syndrome and explores potential relationships between the metabolic syndrome, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease. Definitions for the metabolic syndrome proposed by the World Health Organization and the Natio...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.12.2003.suppl31.175
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Eradication of H pylori and cure of peptic ulcer disease are possible if effective regimens are used correctly. Treatment markedly improves clinical outcomes and significantly decreases cost of care. As primary care physicians take a larger role in management of these infections, they need to understand the importance...
journal_title:Postgraduate medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3810/pgm.1998.03.423
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00