Abstract:
:Trifluridine (trifluorothymidine) is an antiviral agent for topical use in the eye, and is structurally related to idoxuridine. In vitro studies have shown that it effectively inhibits the replication of herpes simplex virus type 1, which causes primary keratoconjunctivitis and recurrent epithelial keratitis in man. In masked comparative studies, predominantly in patients with dendritic ulcers, trifluridine 1% solution was effective in over 90% of patients; in such studies it was comparable with vidarabine in treating dendritic ulcers, and was at least as effective as, and in some studies more effective than, idoxuridine. The drug was also effective in treating a small number of patients with geographic ulcers (sometimes associated with the usage of topical corticosteroids), and this could be an important advantage if confirmed in further well-designed studies. However, experience at present is too limited to reliably determine the usual response rate in this difficult therapeutic area. In open studies the drug proved to be particularly useful in treating ulcers previously unresponsive to idoxuridine or vidarabine, and in treating patients intolerant of idoxuridine, with a high success rate and minimal side effects being reported. The role of trifluridine in treating deep stromal disease, uveitis, or adenovirus kerato-conjunctivitis has not been established. The drug is well tolerated and cross-hypersensitivity and cross-toxicity between trifluridine, idoxuridine and vidarabine are rare. Thus, trifluridine is an effective alternative to the drugs available for treating herpetic keratitis, and seems especially useful in 'difficult' cases.
journal_name
Drugsjournal_title
Drugsauthors
Carmine AA,Brogden RN,Heel RC,Speight TM,Avery GSdoi
10.2165/00003495-198223050-00001subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1982-05-01 00:00:00pages
329-53issue
5eissn
0012-6667issn
1179-1950journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章,评审相关文献
DRUGS文献大全abstract:UNLABELLED:Fentanyl is a synthetic opioid agonist which interacts primarily with the mu-opioid receptor. The low molecular weight, high potency and lipid solubility of fentanyl make it suitable for delivery by the transdermal therapeutic system. These patches are designed to deliver fentanyl at a constant rate (25, 50,...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-200161150-00014
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aripiprazole (Abilify®) is an atypical antipsychotic indicated for the treatment of mania associated with bipolar I disorder. It is unique in its class, as it is a partial agonist of dopamine D(2) and D(3), and serotonin 5-HT(1A) receptors and a modest antagonist of 5-HT(2A) receptors. This article reviews the pharmac...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11208320-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sleep apnoea (SA) is a common sleep disorder affecting 4 to 25% of the adult population. The most common form, obstructive SA, is characterised by recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep associated with sleep disruption and hypoxaemia. There is increasing evidence that SA leads to impaired vigilance, quality o...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-200161020-00007
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Goserelin is a gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) analogue which, during continuous administration, down-regulates the pituitary-ovarian gonadal axis and reduces levels of the gonadotrophins, luteinising hormone and follicle-stimulating hormone. In women, this results in suppression of ovarian steroidogenesis and ...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199651020-00009
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endothelial dysfunction and increased arterial stiffness occur early in the pathogenesis of diabetic vasculopathy. They are both powerful independent predictors of cardiovascular risk. Advances in non-invasive methodologies have led to widespread clinical investigation of these abnormalities in diabetes mellitus, gene...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-200565010-00003
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A gradual rise in drug-resistant trends among Gram-negative organisms, especially carbapenem-resistant (CR) Enterobacteriaceae (CRE), CR-Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and extensively-drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumannii, poses an enormous threat to healthcare systems worldwide. In the last decade, many pharmaceutica...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40265-019-01112-1
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intravenous dalbavancin (Dalvance®, Xydalba®), first approved as a two-dose regimen for the treatment of acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections (ABSSSI), has now been additionally approved as a single-dose regimen. This narrative review discusses the pharmacological properties of intravenous dalbavancin an...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40265-016-0666-0
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Knowledge of the structure, function and distribution of the components of the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAS) and the integrated physiological role of this hormonal system is rapidly increasing, although many questions remain unanswered. The primary structure and localisation of RAS such as renin, prorenin...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199000391-00005
更新日期:1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Marijuana has been used for over 2 centuries. Its major psychoactive constituent, delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC) was isolated in 1964 and first used to control nausea and vomiting during chemotherapy in the 1970s. THC has cardiovascular, pulmonary and endocrinological effects as well as actions on the central nerv...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00003495-198300251-00006
更新日期:1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many drugs have a site of action within the inner ear. The list includes therapeutic, diagnostic and ototoxic agents. Therapeutic agents are most useful in cases of infections, endolymphatic hydrops, vascular insufficiency, vertigo of peripheral origin, autoimmune disease, otosclerosis (otospongiosis), sudden hearing ...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-198836060-00005
更新日期:1988-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::MenB-FHbp (bivalent rLP2086; Trumenba®) is a recombinant protein-based vaccine targeting Neisseria meningitidis serogroup B (MenB), which has recently been licensed in the EU for active immunization to prevent invasive disease caused by MenB in individuals ≥ 10 years of age. The vaccine, which contains a variant from ...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40265-018-0869-7
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin glulisine (Apidra) is a human insulin analogue approved for the improvement of glycaemic control in adults, adolescents and children with diabetes mellitus. It has similar binding properties, and is associated with a faster onset but similar level of glucose disposal, to regular human insulin (RHI). Insulin gl...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-200969080-00006
更新日期:2009-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::Several compounds have been claimed to have a faster onset of antidepressant action. However, these trials suffered from lack of appropriate definitions and of standardised and comparable methodology, as far as measurement instruments, dosage strategies and statistical analyses were concerned. This article was underta...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199652040-00001
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Ceftriaxone is a parenteral third-generation cephalosporin with a long elimination half-life which permits once-daily administration. It has good activity against Streptococcus pneumoniae, methicillin-susceptible staphylococci, Haemophilus influenzae, Moraxella catarrhalis and Neisseria spp. Although active ...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-200262070-00005
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sotagliflozin (Zynquista™) is the first dual inhibitor of sodium-glucose co-transporter-1 and -2 (SGLT1 and 2). In the phase 3, inTANDEM 1-3 trials, adjunctive use of oral sotagliflozin (200 mg or 400 mg once daily) improved glycaemic control and reduced bodyweight and insulin requirements relative to placebo over 24 ...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40265-019-01230-w
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pharmacological treatment of epilepsy has made considerable progress during the last decade, due to improved knowledge of the clinical pharmacology of individual drugs, acquisition of new information on the factors affecting response and need for drug treatment, and development of promising new agents. Once a clin...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199549050-00004
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The binding of drugs to proteins is an important pharmacokinetic parameter. Many methods are available for the study of drug protein binding phenomena and there are also many ways to interpret the binding data. Although much emphasis has been placed on the binding of drugs in the plasma, binding also takes place in th...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-198325050-00003
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Ofloxacin is an established fluoroquinolone agent which achieves good concentrations in genitourinary tract tissues and fluids. It has good in vitro activity against most Enterobacteriaceae, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, methicillin-susceptible S. aureus, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Haem...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199856050-00015
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Opioid dependence, manifesting as addiction to heroin and pharmaceutical opioids is increasing. Internationally, there are an estimated 15.6 million illicit opioid users. The global economic burden of opioid dependence is profound both in terms of HIV and hepatitis C virus transmission, direct healthcare costs, and in...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11597520-000000000-00000
更新日期:2012-01-22 00:00:00
abstract::Insulin glargine 300 U/mL (Toujeo(®)) is a long-acting basal insulin analogue approved for the treatment of diabetes mellitus. Insulin glargine 300 U/mL has a more stable and prolonged pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic profile than insulin glargine 100 U/mL (Lantus(®)), with a duration of glucose-lowering activity excee...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40265-016-0541-z
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is important to distinguish between therapy used to reduce acute inflammation in gout and therapy used to manage hyperuricaemia in patients with chronic gouty arthritis. This article discusses treatments for acute gout, emphasizing the use of corticotrophin (adrenocorticotropic hormone; ACTH) and the evidence on wh...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-200868040-00002
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Levetiracetam (Keppra®, E Keppra®) is an established second-generation antiepileptic drug (AED). Worldwide, levetiracetam is most commonly approved as adjunctive treatment of partial onset seizures with or without secondary generalization; other approved indications include monotherapy treatment of partial onset seizu...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11204490-000000000-00000
更新日期:2011-03-05 00:00:00
abstract::The potential interaction between nimesulide, a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, and digoxin was studied in 9 patients [6 males, 3 females; mean age 67 (range 57 to 70) years] with mild heart failure. All patients were receiving maintenance therapy with digoxin (0.25 mg/day, orally) and were treated with oral nime...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2165/00003495-199300461-00017
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The selective once-daily prandial glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) receptor agonist lixisenatide (Lyxumia(®)) is under development with Sanofi for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Lixisenatide belongs to a class of GLP-1 compounds designed to mimic the endogenous hormone GLP-1. Native GLP-1 stimulates insulin...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40265-013-0033-3
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the mid-1980s it was discovered that serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5-HT) was at least partially responsible for producing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting. It was therefore realised that serotonin receptor blockade with serotonin 5-HT3 receptor antagonists could inhibit chemotherapy-induced nausea and vom...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199855020-00002
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Acyclovir (aciclovir) is a nucleoside antiviral drug with antiviral activity in vitro against members of the herpes group of DNA viruses. As an established treatment of herpes simplex infection, intravenous, oral and to a lesser extent topical formulations of acyclovir provide significant therapeutic benefit in genita...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-198937030-00002
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cibenzoline is a class I antiarrhythmic drug with limited class III and IV activity which can be administered orally or intravenously. An elimination half-life of about 8 to 12 hours permits twice daily administration, although age and renal function must be considered when determining dosage. Cibenzoline has some act...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/00003495-199243050-00008
更新日期:1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Damoctocog alfa pegol (Jivi®) is approved in the USA, EU, Japan and Canada for the treatment and prophylaxis of previously treated patients aged ≥ 12 years with haemophilia A. Formulated with a 60 kDa polyethylene glycol (PEG) moiety, damoctocog alfa pegol is an intravenously (IV) administered recombinant factor VIII ...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40265-019-01152-7
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glatiramer acetate is a synthetic analogue of the multiple sclerosis (MS)-associated antigen, myelin basic protein. It is indicated in the EU, US and many other countries to reduce the frequency of relapses in patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), and for the treatment of patients who have experienced a well de...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2165/11204560-000000000-00000
更新日期:2010-08-20 00:00:00
abstract::Eravacycline (Xerava™), a novel fully synthetic fluorocycline, consists of the tetracyclic core scaffold with unique modifications in the tetracyclic D ring; consequently, it exhibits potent in vitro activity against Gram-positive and -negative bacterial strains expressing certain common tetracycline-specific acquired...
journal_title:Drugs
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1007/s40265-019-01067-3
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00