Abstract:
BACKGROUND:The purposes of this study are to examine the extent to which (1) more-healthy and less-healthy food choices are available to American secondary students in their schools, and (2) there are differences in the availability of such foods as a function of grade, racial/ethnic background, and socioeconomic status (SES). METHODS:United States nationally representative samples of over 37,000 students in 345 secondary schools were surveyed in 2004 and 2005 as part of the Youth, Education, and Society (YES) study and the Monitoring the Future (MTF) study. In the YES study, school administrators and food service managers completed self-administered questionnaires on food policies and food offerings in their schools. In the MTF study, students in the same schools completed self-administered questionnaires. Data were analyzed in 2006. RESULTS:A greater percent of high school students have access to both more-healthy and less-healthy food choices than middle school students. Compared to white students, fewer black students have access to certain healthy foods (lowfat salty snacks, lowfat cookies and pastries). Hispanic high school students have greater access to regular ice cream and to fruits and vegetables. Otherwise the racial/ethnic group differences are modest. However, there is a positive linear association between SES (as indicated by parental education) and (1) access to most types of healthier snacks from vending machines, school/student stores, or snack bars/carts and (2) the number of healthier foods offered à la carte in the cafeteria. The association between SES and access to less-healthy snacks varies more by item. CONCLUSIONS:Indisputably, less-healthy foods are more available than more-healthy foods in the nation's schools. At a time when food and beverage offerings are under intense policy scrutiny, this study provides a comprehensive assessment of the types of foods made available to students. While it is encouraging to see schools offering healthy food alternatives, such as lowfat snacks and fruits and vegetables, the findings strongly suggest that the availability of more-healthy snacks needs to be increased, particularly for racial/ethnic minorities and youth of lower SES. Simultaneously, schools could considerably decrease the availability of less-healthy snack choices available to students. Future monitoring is needed to evaluate the effectiveness of the food industry's recent agreement to play a role in helping to solve these problems.
journal_name
Am J Prev Medjournal_title
American journal of preventive medicineauthors
Delva J,O'Malley PM,Johnston LDdoi
10.1016/j.amepre.2007.07.018subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-10-01 00:00:00pages
S226-39issue
4 Suppleissn
0749-3797issn
1873-2607pii
S0749-3797(07)00444-8journal_volume
33pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We evaluated the efficacy of the Stanford Quit Kit, an eight-page self-administered smoking cessation program. Subjects were randomly assigned to receive the Quit Kit (n = 142) or a delayed intervention (n = 65). Confirmed abstinence (p less than .05) and reduced smoking among continuing smokers (p less than .002) wer...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1986-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sedentary time (too much sitting) increasingly is being recognized as a distinct health risk behavior. This paper reviews the reliability and validity of self-reported and device-based sedentary time measures and provides recommendations for their use in population-based studies. The focus is on instruments that have ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2011.05.005
更新日期:2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Developing effective programs to promote colorectal cancer (CRC) screening requires understanding of the effect of healthcare system factors on access to screening and adherence to guidelines. METHODS:This study assessed the role of insurance status, type of plan, the frequency of preventive health visits, ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(02)00444-0
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer, and is also one of the most preventable. This paper builds on an evidence review of skin cancer prevention interventions that was conducted for the Guide to Community Preventive Services (n=85 studies), and summarizes the state of knowledge about research methodology and ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2005.04.007
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The rapid expansion of worksite health promotion programs and the proliferation of service providers have resulted in increased concern about the quality of such programs. And while employers may view health promotion programs as a service to be purchased, in general, quality standards, price, and outcomes are less we...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:For the first time, in 2002, the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices encouraged the vaccination of healthy children 6 to 23 months against influenza, whenever feasible. Participating inner-city health centers designed interventions to introduce influenza vaccination among this group of children. The...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2005.05.010
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To test the feasibility and effectiveness of a diet intervention (consisting of interactive mailings, computer-generated phone calls, and classes) in hypercholesterolemic low-income public clinic patients. METHODS:Clinic patients with serum cholesterol > 200 mg/dl, referred by their primary care physician w...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00038-5
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral counseling interventions can address significant causes of preventable morbidity and mortality. However, despite a growing evidence base for behavioral counseling interventions, there remain significant research gaps that limit translating the evidence into clinical practice. Using U.S. Preventive Services ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2015.06.007
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Increasing rates of obesity in the population have made prevention a high public health priority. Policy strategies for curtailing obesity have been recommended, yet there has been little research on the degree of public support for policy-level interventions. METHODS:Participants for this study included 11...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2006.09.003
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Physical inactivity is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Walking, an inexpensive and accessible activity, is protective against unhealthy outcomes. Little data on walking practices are available outside developed countries. This study estimated the prevalence and correlates of c...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2004.10.012
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Alarming secular declines in physical activity (PA) have been observed among youth over the last decade. A better understanding of the predictors of these declines is crucial to identifying those children most at risk and to developing interventions that target youth before the onset of decline. This report ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(02)00464-6
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mobility is a critical component of most activities of daily living. Therefore, maintenance of mobility independence is essential for health and well-being. Balance control is a primary requirement for successful mobility. In this article, we first discuss the challenges to mobility and balance that older adults face ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(03)00179-x
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Public screening for elevated blood cholesterol has become a common practice, supported by national recommendations. However, little is known about the response to referral for medical follow-up of those found to have high cholesterol levels. During a one-year period, 424 adults from a population-based screening and e...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), known collectively as venous thromboembolism (VTE), affect an estimated 900,000 people in the U.S. each year, resulting in several hundred thousand hospitalizations and about 300,000 deaths. Despite this substantial public health burden, no systematic collection ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type:
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2010.01.010
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Physicians have a unique role to play in the prevention of elder suicide, yet they may not be sufficiently attentive to the prominence of firearms in the rising trend in suicide by elder persons. This study sought to examine the extent to which physicians inquired about firearms with their depressed and su...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00019-1
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Worksite cholesterol screening programs are becoming increasingly prevalent. Variability in cholesterol measurements frequently renders the interpretation of single or repeated cholesterol determinations problematic, complicating employee counseling within screening programs. In the setting of a corporate cholesterol ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Child maltreatment has been linked to multiple negative health outcomes and many leading causes of death. Statewide population-based evaluations are needed to identify high-risk populations early in life for targeted interventions. PURPOSE:To assess the utility of combining Pregnancy Risk Assessment Monitor...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2011.02.022
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obesity is recognized as a risk factor for multiple chronic diseases. Yet, it is unclear whether obesity is also associated with an increased risk of nonfatal unintentional injury. METHODS:A population-based survey was conducted among adults aged > or = 18 years from January 1999 through October 2000. The r...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2005.03.013
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of enrollment in a community-based public health nursing program, Communities Caring for Children (CCC), on infant immunization rates in rural Minnesota. The program involved health education, a registry, and a reminder system. DESIGN:The evaluation was a...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00144-5
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Calls for more public health education for medical students date back at least 150 years. In recent years, medical schools have increased their required coursework in core public health topics such as epidemiology, biostatistics, and behavioral determinants of health. Some schools have created more in-depth alternativ...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2011.06.020
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Few population-based studies have assessed the physical and mental health consequences of both psychological and physical intimate partner violence (IPV) among women or men victims. This study estimated IPV prevalence by type (physical, sexual, and psychological) and associated physical and mental health con...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(02)00514-7
更新日期:2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Parents are often involved in interventions to engage youth in physical activity, but it is not clear which methods for involving parents are effective. PURPOSE:A systematic review was conducted of interventions with physical activity and parental components among healthy youth to identify how best to invol...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2009.04.020
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Optimism-the expectation that good things will happen-has emerged as a promising health asset, as it appears to be related to healthier behaviors and reduced disease risk. Growing research finds that higher optimism is associated with lower mortality, yet it is critical to understand whether this prolonged...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2018.07.037
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTENT:Six policy tools for building health education and preventive counseling into managed care are presented, and the opportunities and barriers to implementing each are described based largely on managed care plans operating in California in 1998. The six policy tools include (1) covering health education and prev...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(99)00087-2
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Convincing pregnant women who smoke to give up this behavior is one of the few universally agreed upon methods for improving pregnancy outcomes. An exploratory study was conducted to determine what public and quasi-public facilities serving pregnant women were doing to assist pregnant smokers in quitting, th...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0749-3797(03)00117-x
更新日期:2003-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Proof of effectiveness now exists for many health promotion and disease prevention practices, yet the importance of this knowledge is not widely appreciated, and a large percentage of the population does not receive this care. Universities with comprehensive academic medical centers are particularly approp...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cost sharing can deter the use of health services and act as a potential contributor to racial/ethnic disparities in cancer. The Affordable Care Act required most health plans to cover, without cost sharing, preventive services, including colorectal cancer screening. Population-based data were used to esti...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2019.09.002
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Active Living by Design's Get Active Orlando partnership (GAO) focused on downtown Orlando's Community Redevelopment Area, including the Parramore Heritage District, home to many low-income and ethnically diverse residents, including many seniors. The area had undergone substantial development, and GAO aimed...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2009.09.013
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A review of randomized controlled trials of weight-management interventions for pregnant or postpartum women was conducted to assess whether effective weight-management interventions exist for this population. METHODS:The MEDLINE, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Sociological Abstracts, and CINAHL databases were searched,...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.amepre.2008.02.010
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We designed a randomized clinical trial to examine effectiveness of a follow-up educational mailing to improve referral completion following a workplace cholesterol screening program. Of 836 employees who participated in a cholesterol screening program at Blue Cross and Blue Shield of Maryland, 313 (37%) had a total c...
journal_title:American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00