Abstract：
:Skin cancer is the most common type of cancer, and is also one of the most preventable. This paper builds on an evidence review of skin cancer prevention interventions that was conducted for the Guide to Community Preventive Services (n=85 studies), and summarizes the state of knowledge about research methodology and measurement in studies of the effectiveness of interventions to reduce ultraviolet radiation (UVR) exposure. As this field advances, researchers should strive to minimize threats to validity in their study designs, as well as to consider the balance between internal and external validity. There is a need for more longer-duration interventions, and follow-up periods that make possible conclusions about the potential of these interventions to affect intermediate markers of skin cancer or at least sustained behavior change. Also, more work is needed to minimize attrition and characterize nonresponders and study dropouts. Verbal report measures of behavior are the most widely used measures of solar protection behavior. Given their limitations, investigators should routinely collect data about reliability and validity of those measures. They should also increase efforts to complement verbal data with objective measures including observations, skin reflectance, personal dosimetry, skin swabbing, and inspection of moles. Measures of environments and policies should incorporate observations, documentation, and direct measures of ambient UVR and shade. This article places the data derived from the evidence review in the context of needs and recommendations for future research in skin cancer prevention.
journal_name
Am J Prev Medjournal_title
American journal of preventive medicineauthors
Glanz K,Mayer JAdoi
10.1016/j.amepre.2005.04.007subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-08-01 00:00:00pages
131-42issue
2eissn
0749-3797issn
1873-2607pii
S0749-3797(05)00138-8journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：BACKGROUND:The tobacco industry has challenged new FDA rules restricting outdoor tobacco advertising near schools and playgrounds on First Amendment grounds, arguing that they would lead to a near complete ban on tobacco advertising in dense urban areas. PURPOSE:To examine how the 2009 Family Smoking Prevention and To...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2010.11.018
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Published research indicates that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is associated with increased mortality. However, causes of death among treatment-seeking patients with PTSD remain poorly characterized. The study objective was to describe causes of death among Veterans with PTSD to inform preventive i...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2019.03.014
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Injuries inflict the largest health impact on military populations in terms of hospitalization. Hospitalized injuries result in the largest direct costs of medical care and the most lost workdays, include the largest proportion of disabling injuries, and have the largest impact on troop readiness. Efforts ...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-3797(99)00171-3
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to estimate, using meta-analysis, pooled odds ratios for the effects of smoking on five pregnancy complications: placenta previa, abruptio placenta, ectopic pregnancy, preterm premature rupture of the membrane (PPROM), and pre-eclampsia. METHODS:Published articles were identifi...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00089-0
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Area-level SES is independently associated with myocardial infarction (MI) prognosis, yet the mechanisms for this association remain speculative. PURPOSE:Using a population-based cohort of MI patients, this study examined whether neighborhood SES predicts long-term trajectory of leisure-time physical activi...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2011.05.016
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Although religiosity has often been shown to have a deterrent effect on teen drug use, noteworthy theoretic gaps and contradictory findings have left important questions unanswered. METHODS:Conceptualizing religion as a measure of social capital and using cross-sectional data from Monitoring the Future (199...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2007.03.001
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:There is evidence from cross-sectional studies that posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) may be associated with obesity. The aim of this study was to examine prospective longitudinal associations between PTSD and obesity in a community sample. METHODS:A prospective, longitudinal, epidemiologic study with a ...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2008.09.026
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Optimism-the expectation that good things will happen-has emerged as a promising health asset, as it appears to be related to healthier behaviors and reduced disease risk. Growing research finds that higher optimism is associated with lower mortality, yet it is critical to understand whether this prolonged...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2018.07.037
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Cancer survivors are more vulnerable to future cancers than individuals without cancer. As such, it is important to understand whether survivors are engaging in cancer screenings. METHODS:The screening practices reported in response to the 2000 Health Interview Survey of 2151 individuals with cancer were ex...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2005.01.005
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:In basic combat training, women experience twice as many injuries as men; however, evidence at the operational Army level is limited. This study aims to investigate the association between gender and injury likelihood while controlling for certain confounding factors in the operational Army. METHODS:Data ...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2016.11.012
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:States in the Mid-South region are among the least healthy in the nation. This descriptive study examines sociodemographic differences in the distribution of chronic diseases and health-related behaviors in the Mid-South versus the rest of the U.S., identifying subgroups at increased risk of chronic diseas...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2016.09.004
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Regular physical activity is a vital component of child health, and schools play an important role in the promotion of physical activity among children. This paper describes the implementation and evaluation of a playground redesign involving structural and loose play equipment to increase students' physic...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2018.01.006
更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:Postnatal depression is highly prevalent in mothers. Although physical activity has been found to reduce the risk of depression in the general population, little is known regarding its link with postnatal depression. This review examined original research investigating the relationship between physical activity...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2013.04.004
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies on physical activity interventions in preschools have reported limited effectiveness. Participatory community-based approaches hold promise for increasing intervention effectiveness and involving parents as key stakeholders in a sustainable way. PURPOSE:To assess whether a participatory par...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2013.01.032
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The rapid expansion of worksite health promotion programs and the proliferation of service providers have resulted in increased concern about the quality of such programs. And while employers may view health promotion programs as a service to be purchased, in general, quality standards, price, and outcomes are less we...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of enrollment in a community-based public health nursing program, Communities Caring for Children (CCC), on infant immunization rates in rural Minnesota. The program involved health education, a registry, and a reminder system. DESIGN:The evaluation was a...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00144-5
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Greater Cleveland Healthy Family/Healthy Start (HF/HS) Project Consortium was established to combine various resources in the Cleveland community in an effort to reduce the infant mortality rate by 50% over five years. As part of HF/HS, an Infant Mortality Review Program (IMRP) was instituted. This program has two...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With low rates of the risk factors for cardiovascular disease as recently as 40 years ago, the rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in American Indians and Alaska Natives were exceedingly low. Despite recent large-scale efforts to eliminate health disparities in ethnic and minority populations, the impact among Ameri...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2005.07.023
更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To test the feasibility and effectiveness of a diet intervention (consisting of interactive mailings, computer-generated phone calls, and classes) in hypercholesterolemic low-income public clinic patients. METHODS:Clinic patients with serum cholesterol > 200 mg/dl, referred by their primary care physician w...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00038-5
更新日期：1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Health risk appraisal is an attractive health education technique but suffers from methodologic weaknesses. Many of the problems center on the formula that is usually used to estimate the combined effects of different disease precursors. The formula does not reflect current models of disease causation, underestimates ...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Laws requiring vaccination for school entry have resulted in high coverage and reduced disease incidence; however, few data exist on the use of similar laws in other settings. This study reviews laws regulating vaccination of healthcare workers (HCWs) and patients in selected healthcare delivery settings. M...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2007.02.009
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Increasing rates of obesity in the population have made prevention a high public health priority. Policy strategies for curtailing obesity have been recommended, yet there has been little research on the degree of public support for policy-level interventions. METHODS:Participants for this study included 11...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2006.09.003
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Environmental and policy approaches to promote physical activity, such as walking trail construction and promotion, are being widely recommended, yet sparse data exist on their effectiveness. In conjunction with ongoing community-intervention projects in Missouri, walking trails are being built, promoted, ...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-3797(99)00165-8
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:The discovery of the HFE gene in 1996 has introduced DNA testing as a possible tool for screening and diagnosis of hemochromatosis and increased interest in the disorder. Population screening using transferrin saturation has been advocated by experts to permit early detection and treatment with phlebotomy befor...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0749-3797(98)00141-x
更新日期：1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：CONTEXT:"Youth-friendly" family planning services, services tailored to meet the particular sexual and reproductive health needs of young people (aged 10-24 years), may improve reproductive health outcomes, including reduction of unintended pregnancy. The objectives of this systematic review were to summarize the evide...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2015.03.019
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Healthcare personnel with direct patient contact were prioritized for influenza vaccination during the 2004-2005 vaccine shortage. Data about vaccination coverage among healthcare personnel during vaccine shortages are limited. METHODS:Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System 2005 data were analyzed in 20...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2008.01.031
更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Numerous studies show that many primary care physicians (PCPs) do not discuss preventive health behaviors related to diet and exercise with their overweight patients. PURPOSE:To investigate whether certain counseling approaches by PCPs in their clinical encounters with patients are associated with improveme...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2013.12.005
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Knowledge of the association between the neighborhood physical environment and adults' readiness to encourage children's use of local playgrounds, and the extent to which perceived safety acts as a mediator, can inform efforts to increase children's physical activity. METHODS:Data were obtained from seven E...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2008.01.007
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Enjoyment has been implicated as a determinant of physical activity among youth, but advances in understanding its importance have been limited by the use of measures that were not adequately validated. The present study examined: (1) the factorial validity of the Physical Activity Enjoyment Scale (PACES), a...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0749-3797(01)00326-9
更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although graduated driver licensing has successfully reduced the young driver problem in Canada and the U.S., this is still a major problem and more needs to be done. This article discusses what new measures are needed to further reduce the problem. To make graduated licensing work better, laws need strengthening; com...
journal_title：American journal of preventive medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.amepre.2008.06.015
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
