Abstract：
:This paper presents a state-of-the-art review of oral contraceptives (OCs), termed one of the epochal developments of modern times. OCs have had both direct and indirect influences on moral, social, and cultural values and on the interaction of population resources and the environment. In recent years there has been a trend away from OC use because of increased mortality rates, especially in women over 35 years of age and smokers. However, epidemiologic studies have indicated that the incidence of death from cardiovascular disease, thromboembolic disease, and stroke was greatly reduced when newer preparations with lower steroidal doses became available. The reduction of the estrogen content from 150 mcg of ethinyl estradiol-3-methylether to 30-35 mcg of ethinyl estradiol and of the progestin component from 10 mg of norethindrone to 1 mg or less has not interefered with effective conception control. The progestin component of the pill was linked to high blood pressure, lipid changes, and cardiovascular changes with an unfavorable impact on arterial disease. Although many insist that the question of whether OCs cause or predispose to cardiovascular problems cannot be answered at this time, the potential risks involved in OC use are generally regarded to be outweighed by the benefits. Reductions in OC dosages have also reduced the incidence of galactorrhea, amenorrhea, and on-pill amenorrhea. New triphasic formulations that more closely imitate the hormonal fluctuations of the menstrual cycle are considered to hold much promise in terms of safety and effectiveness.
journal_name
Clin Therjournal_title
Clinical therapeuticsauthors
Greenblatt RBsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-01-01 00:00:00pages
6-27issue
1eissn
0149-2918issn
1879-114Xjournal_volume
8pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Idiopathic chronic hiccup (ICH) is defined as recurring hiccup attacks that last for longer than an arbitrary time limit (eg, 1 month) and for which no organic cause can be found. In patients with ICH, therapy is largely empiric. For practical purposes, idiopathic hiccup can be assumed to have its origin either in the...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0149-2918(97)80055-0
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this double-masked, double-dummy, randomized, single crossover study, we compared single doses of a fast-dissolving wafer formulation of famotidine with a conventional tablet formulation of ranitidine in patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Patient preference time until symptomatic relief, and pred...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0149-2918(97)80074-4
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:It is unclear whether vitamin D provides any benefit against the pro-inflammatory effects of homocysteine in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). METHODS:We compared lymphocyte counts for CD3, CD19, CD4, and CD8 subsets between elderly (age ≥65 years) T2DM patients (n = 5098) and nondiabetes ...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinthera.2020.08.009
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:These studies assessed the comparative efficacy of rofecoxib and valdecoxib in the treatment of acute postoperative dental pain. METHODS:Two randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, single-dose studies were conducted in patients undergoing extraction of > or =2 third molars, with > or =1 mandibular impa...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.clinthera.2006.07.005
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:High incidences of cardiovascular events coincide with a surge in blood pressure (BP) that occurs in the early morning hours at the time of arousal. Thus, control of BP at this time of day, using oral fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) as required, is important in reducing cardiovascular risk in hypertensive pat...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1016/j.clinthera.2005.11.014
更新日期：2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:In patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, fixed-dose combinations (FDCs) of antihyperglycemic medications may provide complementary efficacy while reducing tablet burden and improving compliance. The aim of this study was to assess the bioequivalence and tolerability of 2 FDCs of dapagliflozin and metformin ex...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.clinthera.2015.11.010
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:In vitro studies have demonstrated that ticagrelor, an oral antiplatelet agent, is a substrate, activator, and inhibitor of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A. Thus, potential CYP3A-mediated drug-drug interactions may occur. OBJECTIVES:The goal of this article was to report study results on the effect of ticagrelor o...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.clinthera.2013.06.003
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study was undertaken to examine the dose-response relationship of zafirlukast (5 to 40 mg BID) and to assess the efficacy and tolerability of the 10-mg BID dose in school-aged children with mild to moderate asthma. BACKGROUND:The efficacy and tolerability of zafirlukast, an oral leukotriene-receptor ant...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/S0149-2918(00)90007-9
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A single-blind comparison was undertaken to evaluate 250 mg of cinoxacin and 100 mg of nitrofurantoin, both drugs being given four times a day, for the treatment of urinary tract infections. Complete data are available from 58 patients, most of whom were treated for 10 to 15 days. The clinical response was similar in ...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eleven patients suffering from WHO stage II essential arterial hypertension were treated with the combination of labetalol plus chlorthalidone in the reciprocal ratio of 10:1 in the form of once-a-day administration in the morning. The dosage was individualized on the basis of hypotensive response and side effects unt...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article reviews the administration, efficacy, and safety of prophylactic intravenous immunoglobulin in patients with secondary immunodeficiency and those undergoing allogeneic bone marrow transplantation. Associated infections in these immunosuppressed patients are examined as they relate to transfusion-associate...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0149-2918(96)80204-9
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The United States Pharmacopeia (USP) Practitioners' Reporting Network utilized nearly three decades of experience to design and develop a nationwide, anonymous, Internet-accessible service for hospitals to report and benchmark medication errors (also known as "preventable adverse drug events"). As nationwide experient...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0149-2918(98)80008-8
更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Of 250 patients undergoing transurethral prostatectomy, 34 had significant bacteriuria after surgery. In 20 patients, including some without significant colonies of bacteria, the same organisms were found before surgery. Closed surgical systems and aseptic techniques can prevent infection from outside the patient, but...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eighty of 84 volunteers aged 22 to 70 years successfully completed a 3-month, single-blind endoscopic study in which they received single-dose placebo or 325 mg/day of enteric-coated aspirin (ECA), buffered aspirin (BA), or plain aspirin (ASA). Upper endoscopy was performed at the beginning of the study and after 4, 8...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigated the usefulness of the C64 quantitative tuning fork in assessing vibratory sensation in patients with diabetic neuropathy. The vibratory sensation scores determined by using the C64 quantitative tuning fork were significantly correlated with severity of subjective symptoms of numbness, cold, desensitiza...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Coadministration of morphine with oral gabapentin has been shown to increase plasma gabapentin concentrations. This study evaluated whether there was any interaction between gabapentin enacarbil (GEn), which is a prodrug of gabapentin, and morphine in terms of pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, safety, and tol...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.10.015
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Belimumab, a monoclonal antibody that inhibits B-lymphocyte stimulating protein, was the first biologic agent approved for, and the first drug approved in 55 years for, the treatment of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA). OBJECTIVE:This article reviews the curren...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.02.028
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A prospective, open-label, multicenter, Phase IV study of the efficacy and safety of intravenous (IV) ciprofloxacin (400 mg by 60-minute infusion every 12 hours) in the treatment of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs), urinary tract infections (UTIs), and skin/skin structure infections (SSSIs) in hospitalized p...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/0149-2918(95)80101-4
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Long-acting insulin analogues were developed to facilitate consistent glycemic control without excessive hypoglycemia. However, structural modifications of the insulin molecule can alter biological responses and binding characteristics with specific receptors. The aim of this study was to estimate the risk of s...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.06.031
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Varenicline, a selective alpha4beta2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor partial agonist, has been developed specifically for smoking cessation. In Japan, 39.3% of men smoke and this is a major public health concern. OBJECTIVE:The primary objective of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and dose-response r...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.clinthera.2007.06.012
更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Twenty-five patients with typhoid fever, who were resistant to amoxicillin and chloramphenicol, were successfully treated with ofloxacin. Ofloxacin was administered at a dosage of 200 mg three times daily for 7 to 10 days. In a few seriously ill patients, a dosage of 400 mg three times daily for 3 days, followed by 20...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Citalopram and theophylline may be prescribed together to treat patients with depression and asthmatic disease. Because theophylline has a low therapeutic index, small changes in plasma levels may result in therapeutic failure or adverse effects. Both citalopram and theophylline are metabolized by cytochrome...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0149-2918(00)83047-7
更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Use of cholesterol-lowering regimens has been shown to reduce the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD), both in primary and secondary prevention. However, there have been few studies of the relative benefits and risks of the various cholesterol-lowering agents in patient groups with specific risk factors for...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0149-2918(01)80050-3
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The genetic polymorphism was one of the major considerations for adjusting doses of warfarin in Thai individuals. As a result, new oral anticoagulants (NOACs) were introduced to achieve therapeutic goals in stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation (SPAF) patients. However, a cost-utility analysis in a populatio...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinthera.2014.08.016
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:New targeted therapeutics for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) enable an increment in progression-free survival (PFS) ranging from 2 to 6 months. Compared with best supportive care, everolimus demonstrated an additional PFS of 3 months in patients with mRCC whose disease had progressed on sunitinib and...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.clinthera.2013.10.004
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a relatively rare acquired autoimmune disease characterized by either decreased platelet production or increased platelet destruction leading to reduced platelet counts and increased risk of bleeding. Immune modulators have been used in treatment; however, a novel...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clinthera.2011.10.004
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Intakes of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) are associated with several potential health benefits, but standard ethyl ester (EE) formulations of these ω-3 fatty acids require the co-ingestion of fat for adequate absorption. The objective of this research was to assess the relative bioa...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.clinthera.2018.10.014
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Considerable clinical data on the treatment of type 2 diabetes with incretin-based therapies (glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists [GLP-1RAs] and dipeptidyl-peptidase IV [DPP-4] inhibitors) are available. OBJECTIVE:This meta-analysis was performed to support the understanding of the overall evidence by...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.clinthera.2012.04.013
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A study was undertaken to determine the usefulness of ubidecarenone in pulmonary rehabilitation in exercise training programs in the management of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The subjects were 20 patients with COPD who had been participating in an exercise training program for at least four weeks. Th...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Absorption of elemental iron from three single-daily-dose prenatal multivitamin/multimineral supplements was compared in bioavailability studies of subjects under fasting and postprandial conditions. Each of the supplements (Stuartnatal 1 + 1, Stuart Prenatal, and Materna 1.60) contained 60 or 65 mg of iron. The subje...
journal_title：Clinical therapeutics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
