Abstract:
:The effects of laudanosine, a metabolite of atracurium, on the behaviour of conscious mice, rats and dogs, and on cardiovascular function in conscious and anaesthetized dogs have been evaluated: EEG studies were performed in anaesthetized dogs. In mice and rats, i.v. bolus doses of laudanosine 10-20 mg kg-1, caused convulsions and hind limb extensions; these effects were prevented by pretreatment with diazepam. After the continuous infusion of laudanosine to conscious dogs, plasma concentrations in the order of 1.2 micrograms ml-1 did not cause behavioural disturbances. In anaesthetized dogs, laudanosine plasma concentrations of more than 6 micrograms ml-1 caused hypotension and bradycardia, laudanosine concentrations greater than 10 micrograms ml-1 induced epileptic EEG spiking and plasma concentrations greater than 17 micrograms ml-1 produced prolonged seizures. There is a wide difference between laudanosine plasma concentrations in patients given atracurium by bolus injection or by short-term infusion for surgical use and those required to induce epileptic activity in dogs. However, during the prolonged infusion of atracurium to patients this difference will be decreased. It is unlikely that the use of atracurium, in patients, would result in plasma concentrations of laudanosine capable of producing neurological or cardiovascular disturbances.
journal_name
Br J Anaesthjournal_title
British journal of anaesthesiaauthors
Chapple DJ,Miller AA,Ward JB,Wheatley PLdoi
10.1093/bja/59.2.218subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-02-01 00:00:00pages
218-25issue
2eissn
0007-0912issn
1471-6771pii
S0007-0912(17)37719-Xjournal_volume
59pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Hypothermia during prolonged surgery may be prevented by active and passive warming methods. We have compared randomly two types of occlusive body wraps in groups of 20 patients. One wrap had additional reflective properties which, by reducing radiative in addition to convective and evaporative heat loss, was expected...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/79.6.766
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intubation of a patient with limited cervical spine movement or in whom movement of the cervical spine is not desirable is always a challenge even to the most experienced anaesthesiologist. The intubating laryngeal mask airway (ILMA) and the Bullard laryngoscope (BL) are two instruments recommended for endot...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/aem127
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The speeds of onset of pancuronium, atracurium and vecuronium are increased by prior administration of magnesium sulphate. A prospective, randomized, double-blind, controlled, clinical study was performed to examine the effects of prior i.v. administration of magnesium sulphate 60 mg kg-1 on the neuromuscular blocking...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/79.1.122
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In inflammation, leucocytes containing opioid peptides migrate into the tissue. Opioid peptides can be released and bind to opioid receptors on peripheral nerve terminals, which counteracts inflammatory pain. Migration of opioid peptide-containing leucocytes is controlled by chemokines and adhesion molecules. Neurokin...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1093/bja/aen078
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The anaesthetic risks of acromegaly include difficulties in airway management, hypertension, and cardiac, gastrointestinal and renal problems. To estimate the incidence of major complications in this rare group of patients, we reviewed 28 patients with acromegaly who had pituitary tumour excision over a 10-yr period. ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.bja.a013400
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spontaneous movements are sometimes observed of the arm into which rocuronium is administered. In order to assess a possible relationship between these movements and pain, we injected in 10 awake, ASA I patients, in a double-blind manner, both rocuronium 1 ml (10 mg) and 0.9% NaCI 1 ml (placebo), with a 30-s interval ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/79.3.382
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have conducted a randomized, double-blind comparison of 4% and 8% sevoflurane for induction of anaesthesia in unpremedicated patients aged more than 60 yr. Sevoflurane was inhaled in 50% nitrous oxide using a vital capacity breath technique, and mean, systolic and diastolic arterial pressures and heart rate were mo...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/82.1.20
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of alfentanil on sympathetic reflexes evoked by supramaximal electrical stimulation of the radial nerve has been observed in five dogs anaesthetized with alpha-chloralose, paralysed with suxamethonium and artificially ventilated. In five dogs during the infusion of alfentanil at a rate of 20 micrograms kg-1...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/61.4.441
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have compared the viability criteria of muscle bundles used in the in vitro contracture test for susceptibility to malignant hyperthermia (MH) in a group of 28 patients with various neuromuscular diseases (NMD) and 93 MH-related family patients. In the patients with NMD, this standard test gave one positive, six eq...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/72.1.93
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::An investigation was carried out into the relationship between the inflation pressures of normally compliant lungs and the airways pressure necessary to produce the insufflation of gas to the stomach. This relationship was examined during manual ventilation with a mask, using a rapid sequence induction technique. In t...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/59.3.315
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A double-blind randomized trial was conducted to compare etidocaine, the new local anaesthetic agent, with bupivacaine. One hundred patients were each given a single dose of one of the drugs during the surgical induction of labour. The results showed that etidocaine had a quicker onset of action than bupivacaine, but ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/47.12.1305
更新日期:1975-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Current guidelines suggest a fasting time of 2 h for clear fluids, which is often exceeded in clinical practice, leading to discomfort, dehydration and stressful anaesthesia induction to patients, especially in the paediatric population. Shorter fluid fasting might be a strategy to improve patient comfort ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/aeu399
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::By analysing the EEG, reticular multi-unit activity and behavioural changes, we have classified general anaesthetics into three groups: central nervous system (CNS) depressant, CNS excitant and epileptogenic agents. Changes in CNS neural activity are associated with alteration in transmitter release. We have attempted...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/80.3.365
更新日期:1998-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fibrinolysis contributes to coagulopathy after major trauma and surgery. We hypothesized that progressive haemodilution is responsible, at least in part, for increased fibrinolytic tendency of blood clot. METHODS:The study was performed in two parts. First, whole blood (WB) samples collected from six health...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aeq001
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diltiazem inhibited and antagonized the abnormal contractures induced by halothane, caffeine and potassium chloride in isolated skeletal muscle from pigs susceptible to malignant hyperpyrexia (MHS). Contractile responses to caffeine and electrical stimulation also were suppressed by diltiazem in control tissue. Simila...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/62.5.566
更新日期:1989-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::All 484 candidates for the 1988 Fellowship in Anaesthesia (Part Three) were surveyed to investigate any differences between successful and unsuccessful candidates in study techniques, work and domestic factors, and examination history that might lead to better guidance to those preparing for the examination and an imp...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/64.6.752
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetics of morphine were studied during balanced anaesthesia in 10 patients undergoing lower abdominal or body surface surgery, and compared with those obtained in nine awake patients receiving morphine i.v. for the relief of chronic non-cancer pain. All patients received morphine sulfphate pentahydrate 10 mg i.v...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/62.1.22
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Five hundred and seventeen women in labour receiving extradural analgesia, using bupivacaine plain solution, were randomly allocated to one of three groups. Group A received 6-8ml of 0.5% solution, group B 10-14ml of 0.25% solution, and group C 6-8 ml of 0.25% solution. Spontaneous delivery occurred in 31.7% of patien...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/53.9.933
更新日期:1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiac output (CO) monitoring is helpful in the assessment of critically ill pregnant women, but invasive monitors are often unsuitable for use. We aimed to measure agreement between the non-invasive ultrasound cardiac output monitor (USCOM) and three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (3D-TTE) in p...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aeu162
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::One hundred and eighty-five patients were allocated at random to receive pethidine with diazepam (in an emulsion), or pethidine with midazolam i.v. as sedation for upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. Sedation and conditions for examination were comparable and satisfactory in both groups. Midazolam produced more amnesia ...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/55.11.1095
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Alaris AEP monitor(TM) (Alaris, UK, version 1.4) is the first commercially available auditory evoked potential (AEP) monitor designed to estimate the depth of anaesthesia. It generates an "Alaris AEP index" (AAI), which is a dimensionless number scaled from 100 (awake) to 0. This study was designed to co...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aeg189
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the relationship between the extent of spinal block and occurrence of sedation. In a first series of 43 patients, the distribution of sedation score (measured on the Ramsey scale) was related to the extent of spinal block (pinprick). In a second series of 33 patients, the relationship between seda...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/81.6.970
更新日期:1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Isoflurane has been reported to induce caspase-3 activation, which may induce neurotoxicity and contribute to the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease. However, the underlying mechanism is largely unknown, especially whether or not isoflurane can induce ryanodine receptors (RyRs)-associated endoplasmic reticu...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aeu053
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Phonomyography (PMG) is a novel method to monitor neuromuscular block. It is non-invasive and can be applied to any muscle. It can be used interchangeably with mechanomyography (MMG). The staircase phenomenon has not been investigated for this method or at the corrugator supercilii muscle. The purpose of thi...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aei183
更新日期:2005-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Data from two published and one new meta-analysis were reviewed to compare the antiemetic efficacy of three different anaesthetic regimens: (i) propofol anaesthesia compared with another anaesthetic (control); (ii) anaesthesia without nitrous oxide compared with the same anaesthetic with nitrous oxide (control); (iii)...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1093/bja/78.3.256
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intraoperative fluid therapy regimens using oesophageal Doppler monitoring (ODM) to optimize stroke volume (SV) (goal-directed fluid therapy, GDT) have been associated with a reduction in length of stay (LOS) and complication rates after major surgery. We hypothesized that intraoperative GDT would reduce the...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1093/bja/aer273
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have compared the effects of sevoflurane and halothane on the discharge frequencies of 19 slowly adapting and four rapidly adapting lung receptors in the rabbit by recording from single vagal fibres. Both agents reduced the discharge frequency of slowly adapting receptors during expiration (P < 0.0005), halothane h...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/80.2.257
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiac output (CO) monitoring by uncalibrated arterial pressure waveform analysis (APCO) using the FloTrac/Vigileo™ is feasible in patients with intracranial haemorrhage, but the results of validation studies are contradictory. The aim of the present study was to analyse the clinical agreement between the i...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/aer170
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Following antagonism of tubocurarine block with a mixture of atropine 20 microgram/kg and neostigmine 50 microgram/kg in 20 children, heart rate decreased from a control value of 110.4 beat/min to 90.1 at 5 min and 89.2 at 6 min (P less than 0.02). Stroke volume index did not change during the first 5 min from a contr...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/49.9.901
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We report a case of massive pulmonary embolism occurring at the time of graft reperfusion in a patient undergoing orthotopic liver transplantation. The clinical diagnosis of pulmonary embolus was aided by on-table echocardiography. Cardiopulmonary bypass and surgical embolectomy prevented her death. We discuss the dif...
journal_title:British journal of anaesthesia
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1093/bja/80.5.685
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00