Abstract：
:1. To be mechanically effective, supporting structures which are helicoidal need to be monodomain, with planar or concentric layers. 2. To achieve this in cholesteric liquid crystalline chemical models, a constraining surface is required. 3. The prediction which logically follows from this is that natural helicoidal systems in plant cell walls, spores, animal eggshells and cuticles need to be secreted within an initial constraining layer. 4. Evidence in support of this prediction is presented for a wide range of living systems, by reinterpretation of published work. This helps, at least partly, to explain the profusion of different kinds of layers in skeletal structures. 5. By contrast, systems lacking constraining layers have polydomain texture. 6. In plants, normal turgor pressure appears to be required for the deposition of monodomain helicoidal wall layers: reduced pressure leads to polydomain helicoid.
journal_name
Tissue Celljournal_title
Tissue & cellauthors
Neville ACdoi
10.1016/0040-8166(88)90013-4subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1988-01-01 00:00:00pages
133-43issue
1eissn
0040-8166issn
1532-3072pii
0040-8166(88)90013-4journal_volume
20pub_type
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