The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Future of Science Careers.

abstract：:Stimulated monocytes and neutrophils generate hypochlorite (HOCl) via the release of the enzyme myeloperoxidase and hydrogen peroxide. HOCl is a key bactericidal agent, but can also damage host tissue. As there is a strong link between chronic inflammation and some cancers, we have investigated HOCl damage to DNA, RNA...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Hawkins CL,Davies MJ

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Epidemiologic studies have shown causal relationships between air pollution particles and adverse health effects in susceptible subpopulations. Fly ash particles (containing water-soluble and insoluble metals) are a component of ambient air particulate pollution and may contribute to particulate-induced health effects...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Prahalad AK,Inmon J,Ghio AJ,Gallagher JE

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Witch hazel ( Hammamelis virginiana) bark is a rich source of both condensed and hydrolizable oligomeric tannins. From a polyphenolic extract soluble in both ethyl acetate and water, we have generated fractions rich in pyrogallol-containing polyphenols (proanthocyanidins, gallotannins, and gallates). The mixtures were...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Touriño S,Lizárraga D,Carreras A,Lorenzo S,Ugartondo V,Mitjans M,Vinardell MP,Juliá L,Cascante M,Torres JL

更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The guidelines embodied in this document were revised by the editors of the Publication Division of the American Chemical Society in January 1994 and endorsed by the Society Committee on Publications. ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors：

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The clinical use of the immunosuppressant calcineurin inhibitor cyclosporine is limited by its nephrotoxicity. This is enhanced when combined with the immunosuppressive mTOR inhibitor sirolimus. Nephrotoxicity of both drugs is not yet fully understood. The goal was to gain more detailed mechanistic insights into the t...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Klawitter J,Bendrick-Peart J,Rudolph B,Beckey V,Klawitter J,Haschke M,Rivard C,Chan L,Leibfritz D,Christians U,Schmitz V

更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dysregulation in the expression of microRNAs (miRNAs), single-stranded RNAs which regulate gene expression, has been associated with diseases such as Stevens-Johnson syndrome (SJS)/toxic epidermal necrolysis (TEN), although their cellular origin has not been explored. Thus, the focus of this work was to study expressi...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Monroy-Arreola A,Durán-Figueroa NV,Méndez-Flores S,Domínguez-Cherit J,Watkinson J,Badillo-Corona JA,Whitaker P,Naisbitt DJ,Castrejón-Flores JL

更新日期：2018-06-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Overexposure to biphenyl amine compounds, which are found in smoke and azo-dyes, is linked to the occurrence of bladder cancer. However, the molecular mechanisms of biphenyl amine compound-induced bladder cancer are still unclear. Many studies have demonstrated that overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) in neopla...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Chen CC,Cheng YY,Chen SC,Tuan YF,Chen YJ,Chen CY,Chen LC

更新日期：2012-03-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Organically modified rectorite (OREC) micro/nanoparticles can be synthesized by organic modification from calcium rectorite (Ca(2+)-REC or REC), a common form of rectorite in nature. Although REC and OREC have potential applications in food packing and drug delivery, their cytotoxicity is not clear. In the present stu...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Liu Y,Deng H,Xiao C,Xie C,Zhou X

更新日期：2014-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The metabolic pathways of dietary flavonoids are still largely unknown. In the present work, mass spectrometry and UV-vis spectroscopy studies were used to show that the naturally occurring flavonoid catechin underwent enzymatic oxidation by tyrosinase in the presence of glutathione (GSH) to form mono-, bi-, and tri-g...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Moridani MY,Scobie H,Salehi P,O'Brien PJ

更新日期：2001-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Deoxynivalenol (DON) is a trichothecene mycotoxin that is produced by several species of Fusarium, which may infect grain crops. DON, as well as other type-B trichothecenes, contain an α,β-unsaturated carbonyl group that may react with sulfhydryl groups in, for example, amino acids and peptides. Such conjugates have b...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Uhlig S,Ivanova L,Miles CO

更新日期：2020-02-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanism of the hepatotoxicity of the analgesic acetaminophen is believed to be mediated by covalent binding to protein; however, critical targets which effect the toxicity are unknown. It has been shown that mitochondrial respiration in vivo is inhibited in mice as early as 1 h following a hepatotoxic dose of ac...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Halmes NC,Hinson JA,Martin BM,Pumford NR

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:p,p'-DDE, the main metabolite of DDT, is notorious for its persistent and bioaccumulation. It has detrimental effects on the nervous system, while the mechanism is unclear. We sought to investigate the mechanism of p,p'-DDE-induced neurocytic apoptosis in PC12 cells by cytoflow and screen the potential target gene by ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Wang C,Zhang Q,Qian Y,Zhao M

更新日期：2014-04-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Electrochemical oxidation of drug molecules is a useful tool to generate several different types of metabolites. In the present study we developed a model system involving electrochemical oxidation followed by characterization of the oxidation products and their propensity to modify peptides. The CB1 antagonist rimona...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Thorsell A,Isin EM,Jurva U

更新日期：2014-10-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Lindane and paraquat induce biochemical changes in the liver. In order to specify their molecular impact at the cellular level, a 300 MHz 1H NMR investigation of hepatoma cell lines Hep 3B and Hep G2 responses was performed. Cells were exposed over 24 h to 50 mg/L lindane (0.178 mM) or to 100 mg/L (0.389 mM) paraquat ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Descampiaux B,Imbenotte M,Desenclos V,Vermeersch G,Lhermitte M,Erb F

更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has previously been shown that malonaldehyde forms conjugates with acetaldehyde and that these conjugates react with nucleobases forming so-called conjugate adducts. In the current study, it is shown that conjugate adducts are also formed in calf thymus DNA when incubated simultaneously with malonaldehyde and aceta...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Pluskota-Karwatka D,Pawłowicz AJ,Kronberg L

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The conjugation of reactive drug metabolites to GSH is considered an important detoxification mechanism that can be spontaneous and/or mediated by glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). In case GSTs play an important role in GSH conjugation, genetically determined deficiencies in GSTs may be a risk factor for adverse drug...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Dragovic S,Boerma JS,van Bergen L,Vermeulen NP,Commandeur JN

更新日期：2010-09-20 00:00:00

abstract：:32P-Postlabeling is a powerful technique for the detection of DNA adducts; however, quantitation of DNA adducts by this method can result in errors due to differences in hydrolysis and labeling efficiencies between adducted and normal nucleotides. We have synthesized a DNA sample modified with 4-aminobiphenyl to serve...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Beland FA,Doerge DR,Churchwell MI,Poirier MC,Schoket B,Marques MM

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Many organic sulfides (mono-, di-, and polysulfides) are present in our environment. Simple derivatives are produced by some plants and animals, while complex sulfides are secondary metabolites of several genera of bacteria and fungi. Sulfides play an important role in the smell and taste of food, and many such compou...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Munday R

更新日期：2012-01-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The mechanism of formation of etheno (epsilon) adducts of nucleic acid bases from 2-haloacetaldehydes is generally assumed to occur via initial Schiff base formation resulting from reaction of the aldehyde with an exocyclic amine. We recently revised the 1H NMR assignments of the epsilon protons of 1,N2-epsilon-Guo (G...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Guengerich FP,Persmark M

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human exposure to engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) is inevitable due to the plethora of applications for which they are being manufactured and integrated within. ENMs demonstrate plentiful advantages in terms of industrial approaches as well as from a consumer perspective. However, despite such positives, doubts remain...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Cronin JG,Jones N,Thornton CA,Jenkins GJS,Doak SH,Clift MJD

更新日期：2020-05-18 00:00:00

abstract：:We have reported [Correia et al. (1987) Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 258, 436-443] that administration of 3,5-dicarbethoxy-4-ethyl-2,6-dimethyl-1,4-dihydropyridine (DDEP) to untreated, phenobarbital (PB) pretreated, or dexamethasone (DEX) pretreated rats results in relatively selective inactivation of cytochrome P-450 (P-4...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Sugiyama K,Yao K,Rettie AE,Correia MA

更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence from laboratory studies and clinical trials suggests that plant-derived polyphenolic compounds such as curcumin, resveratrol, or phloretin might be useful in the treatment of certain diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease) and acute tissue injury states (e.g., spinal cord trauma). However, despite this potential...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： LoPachin RM,Geohagen BC,Nordstrøm LU,Gavin T

更新日期：2016-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Although selective estrogen receptor modulators (SERMs) are useful in the treatment and prevention of breast cancer, the SERM tamoxifen has been associated with an increased risk of endometrial cancer possibly due to metabolism to electrophilic quinoids. Another SERM, arzoxifene is currently in clinical trials for the...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Liu H,Liu J,van Breemen RB,Thatcher GR,Bolton JL

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:3'-Hydroxyacetanilide (AMAP) is a nonhepatotoxic regioisomer of acetaminophen (APAP) that nonetheless does form reactive metabolites which bind to hepatic proteins. Because differences in the nature of reactive metabolites formed from AMAP and APAP may explain differences in their propensity to cause hepatotoxicity, c...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Rashed MS,Nelson SD

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genotoxic chemicals act by causing DNA damage, which, if left unrepaired, can have deleterious consequences for cell survival. DNA damage response (DDR) gets activated to repair or mitigate the effects of DNA damage. Histone H2AX and H3 phosphorylation biomarkers (γ-H2AX and p-H3) have attracted great attention as the...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Qu M,Xu H,Chen J,Zhang Y,Xu B,Guo L,Xie J

更新日期：2020-08-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The metabolic pathway of tetrodotoxin (TTX), a powerful and specific voltage-gated sodium channel blocker, has not been well-clarified either in TTX-poisoned patients or in puffer fish. 4-S-CysteinylTTX (4-CysTTX) was isolated from the liver of the puffer fish, Fugu pardalis, as the first adduct of TTX with thiol. The...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Yotsu-Yamashita M,Goto A,Nakagawa T

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method for the analysis of N-acetylcysteine conjugates of catechol estrogens [catechol estrogen mercapturates (CE SRs)], which are likely to be urinary markers of estrogen-induced tumors, was established in this study. The characteristics of the method that was established were (1) cleanup of urine using the immunoa...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Nakagomi M,Suzuki E

更新日期：2000-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dopamine metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL) is detoxified mainly by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). We find that the fungicide benomyl potently and rapidly inhibits ALDH and builds up DOPAL in vivo in mouse striatum and in vitro in PC12 cells and human cultured fibroblasts and glial cells. The in vi...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Casida JE,Ford B,Jinsmaa Y,Sullivan P,Cooney A,Goldstein DS

更新日期：2014-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Retinyl palmitate (RP) is frequently used as an ingredient in cosmetics and other retail products. We previously reported that, under UVA light irradiation, RP is facilely decomposed into multiple products, including anhydroretinol (AR) and 5,6-epoxyretinyl palmitate (5,6-epoxy-RP). We also determined that combined tr...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Mei N,Xia Q,Chen L,Moore MM,Chen T,Fu PP

更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although many phenols and catechols found as polyphenol natural products are antioxidants and have putative disease-preventive properties, others have deleterious health effects. One possible route to toxicity is the bioactivation of the phenolic function to quinones that are electrophilic, redox-agents capable of mod...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Tu T,Giblin D,Gross ML

更新日期：2011-09-19 00:00:00