Highly galloylated tannin fractions from witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana) bark: electron transfer capacity, in vitro antioxidant activity, and effects on skin-related cells.

abstract：:32P-Postlabeling is a powerful technique for the detection of DNA adducts; however, quantitation of DNA adducts by this method can result in errors due to differences in hydrolysis and labeling efficiencies between adducted and normal nucleotides. We have synthesized a DNA sample modified with 4-aminobiphenyl to serve...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Beland FA,Doerge DR,Churchwell MI,Poirier MC,Schoket B,Marques MM

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA-DNA cross-linking by 1,2,3,4-diepoxybutane (DEB) is considered the molecular basis for its potent cytotoxic and genotoxic effects. DEB reactions with DNA initially lead to N7-(2'-hydroxy-3',4'-epoxybut-1'-yl)-guanine monoadducts, which can then alkylate neighboring DNA bases to form bifunctional lesions. We recent...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Tretyakova N,Livshits A,Park S,Bisht B,Goggin M

更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The conformation of the crotonaldehyde-derived N(2)-[3-oxo-1(S)-methyl-propyl]-dG adduct in the oligodeoxynucleotide 5'-d(G(1)C(2)T(3)A(4)G(5)C(6)X(7)A(8)G(9)T(10)C(11)C(12))-3'.5'-d(G(13)G(14)A(15)C(16)T(17)C(18)G(19)C(20)T(21)A(22)G(23)C(2)(4))-3', where X = N(2)-[3-oxo-1(S)-methyl-propyl]-dG, is reported. This addu...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Cho YJ,Wang H,Kozekov ID,Kozekova A,Kurtz AJ,Jacob J,Voehler M,Smith J,Harris TM,Rizzo CJ,Lloyd RS,Stone MP

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The chlorofluorocarbon substitute 1,2-dichloro-1,1-difluoroethane (HCFC-132b) undergoes oxidative metabolism in rats to give a range of metabolites, including chlorodifluoroacetaldehyde [Harris and Anders (1991) Chem. Res. Toxicol. 4, 180]. The present experiments were undertaken after studies to characterize an unide...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Yin H,Jones JP,Anders MW

更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acrolein (AC) and 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal (HNE) are endogenous bis-electrophiles that arise from the oxidation of polyunsaturated fatty acids. AC is also found in high concentrations in cigarette smoke and automobile exhaust. These reactive α,β-unsaturated aldehyde (enal) covalently modify nucleic acids, to form exocyclic...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Kozekov ID,Turesky RJ,Alas GR,Harris CM,Harris TM,Rizzo CJ

更新日期：2010-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Previously, we identified two distinct metabonomic phenotypes in Sprague-Dawley rats sourced from two different rooms (colonies) in the Charles River, Raleigh facility [Robosky, L. C., Wells, D. F., Egnash, L. A., Manning, M. L., Reily, M. D., and Robertson, D. G. (2005) Metabonomic identification of two distinct phen...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Rohde CM,Wells DF,Robosky LC,Manning ML,Clifford CB,Reily MD,Robertson DG

更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evidence from laboratory studies and clinical trials suggests that plant-derived polyphenolic compounds such as curcumin, resveratrol, or phloretin might be useful in the treatment of certain diseases (e.g., Alzheimer's disease) and acute tissue injury states (e.g., spinal cord trauma). However, despite this potential...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： LoPachin RM,Geohagen BC,Nordstrøm LU,Gavin T

更新日期：2016-12-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Benzo[a]pyrene diol epoxides (BPDEs) are the ultimate carcinogenic species of benzo[a]pyrene, a prototype polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH). BPDE-modified DNA duplexes can adopt multiple conformations depending on the nature of the modified bases, the stereochemistry at the location of the covalent linkage, and th...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Yang T,Huang Y,Cho BP

更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The dopamine metabolite 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetaldehyde (DOPAL) is detoxified mainly by aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH). We find that the fungicide benomyl potently and rapidly inhibits ALDH and builds up DOPAL in vivo in mouse striatum and in vitro in PC12 cells and human cultured fibroblasts and glial cells. The in vi...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Casida JE,Ford B,Jinsmaa Y,Sullivan P,Cooney A,Goldstein DS

更新日期：2014-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Topoisomerase II regulates DNA topology by generating transient double-stranded breaks. The anticancer drug etoposide targets topoisomerase II and is associated with the formation of secondary leukemias in patients. The quinone and catechol metabolites of etoposide may contribute to strand breaks that trigger leukemic...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Jacob DA,Gibson EG,Mercer SL,Deweese JE

更新日期：2013-08-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Marine toxins such as brevetoxins and ciguatoxins are produced by dinoflagellates and can accumulate in seafood. These toxins affect humans through seafood consumption. Intoxication is mainly characterized by gastrointestinal and neurological disorders and, in most severe cases, by cardiovascular problems. To prevent ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Louzao MC,Vieytes MR,Yasumoto T,Botana LM

更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) are primary targets of free radical damage during oxidative stress. Diffusible electrophilic alpha,beta-unsaturated aldehydes, such as 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE), have been shown to modify proteins that mediate cell signaling (e.g., IKK and Keap1) and alter gene expression pathways respo...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Vila A,Tallman KA,Jacobs AT,Liebler DC,Porter NA,Marnett LJ

更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human breast milk is considered as the best and ideal form of nutrition for infants. However, food contaminants such as mycotoxins, which may be transferred from maternal blood to milk, are poorly described. Mycotoxins are a major group of natural toxins frequently detected in foods. Here, we review the current state-...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Warth B,Braun D,Ezekiel CN,Turner PC,Degen GH,Marko D

更新日期：2016-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The C2'-oxidized abasic lesion (C2-AP) is produced in DNA that is subjected to oxidative stress. The lesion disrupts replication and gives rise to mutations that are dependent upon the identity of the upstream nucleotide. Ape1 incises C2-AP, but the 5'-phosphorylated fragment is not a substrate for the lyase activity ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Wong RS,Sczepanski JT,Greenberg MM

更新日期：2010-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:3-Alkyl-1,2,3-oxadiazolinium ions 1 have been proposed as reactive intermediates in the activation of (2-hydroxyethyl)nitrosamines. The reaction of 3-methyl-1,2,3-oxadiazolinium tosylate (1a), 2-ethyl-1-methoxy-2-phenyldiazenium tetrafluoroborate (3), and 3-phenyl-1,2,3-oxadiazolinium triflate (1b) with thiols was inv...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Loeppky RN,Srinivasan A

更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigated the oxidative metabolism of 2-naphthyl isothiocyanate catalyzed by rat liver microsomes. Incubation of 2-naphthyl isothiocyanate, microsomes, and NADPH yielded either N,N'-di-2-naphthylurea or, on inclusion of 2-aminofluorene in the incubations, N-2-naphthyl-N'-2-fluorenylurea. These ure...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Lee MS

更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chlorophyllin (CHL), a food-grade derivative of the green plant pigment chlorophyll, has recently been shown in this laboratory to be a potent inhibitor in vivo of hepatic aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-DNA adduction and hepatocarcinogenesis (Breinholt et al. (1995) Cancer Res. 55, 57-62). We report here that CHL forms a strong ...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Breinholt V,Schimerlik M,Dashwood R,Bailey G

更新日期：1995-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aflatoxin Q1 8,9-oxide was synthesized and found to yield lower levels of N7-guanyl adducts than obtained from aflatoxin B1 8,9-oxide when mixed with calf thymus DNA or Salmonella typhimurium TA 98 cells. However, when S. typhimurium TA 98 was treated with the (analogous) epoxides of aflatoxin B1, aflatoxin G1, aflato...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Raney KD,Shimada T,Kim DH,Groopman JD,Harris TM,Guengerich FP

更新日期：1992-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:2-(Glutathion-S-yl)-1,4-benzoquinone was found to be remarkably unstable in phosphate buffer (pH 7.4) even in the absence of oxygen. Intramolecular addition of the alpha-amino group of the glutamate residue to the quinone ring yielded ultimately 2,3-(glutathion-N, S-yl)-1,4-benzoquinone and 2,6-(glutathion-N,S-yl)-1,4...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Alt C,Eyer P

更新日期：1998-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Flavonols are potent naturally occurring antioxidants. Chemical oxidation reactions in combination with modern spectroscopic techniques have been employed to identify oxidized flavonoid products. Although many oxidized derivatives have been generated from commercially available starting materials, few studies have dev...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Krishnamachari V,Levine LH,Zhou C,Paré PW

更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bisphenol A (BPA) is used in the production of polycarbonate plastics and epoxy resins for baby bottles, liners of canned food, and many other consumer products. Previously, BPA has been shown to reduce the activity of several antioxidant enzymes, which may contribute to oxidative stress. However, the underlying mecha...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Chepelev NL,Enikanolaiye MI,Chepelev LL,Almohaisen A,Chen Q,Scoggan KA,Coughlan MC,Cao XL,Jin X,Willmore WG

更新日期：2013-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Aerosols from electronic cigarettes and heat-not-burn tobacco products have been found to contain lower levels of almost all compounds from the list of Harmful and Potentially Harmful Constituents known to be present in tobacco products and tobacco smoke than smoke from conventional cigarettes. Free radicals, which al...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Shein M,Jeschke G

更新日期：2019-06-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Dimethylarsinic acid (DMAs(V)), the major urinary metabolite of inorganic arsenic, is weakly cytotoxic, whereas its reduced form, dimethylarsinous acid (DMAs(III)), is highly toxic. Although glutathione S-transferase omega 1 (GSTO1) and arsenic methyltransferase have been shown or thought to catalyze DMAs(V) reduction...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Németi B,Gregus Z

更新日期：2013-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Iron in iron overload disease is present as non-transferrin-bound iron, consisting of iron, citrate, and albumin. We investigated the redox properties of iron citrate by electrochemistry, by the kinetics of its reaction with ascorbate, by ESR, and by analyzing the products of reactions of ascorbate with iron citrate c...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Adam FI,Bounds PL,Kissner R,Koppenol WH

更新日期：2015-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The preparation and DNA binding characteristics of a structural analog of Hoechst 33258 bearing two pyridinic nitrogen atoms are described. The 1H NMR signals of the complex formed between the new ligand 1 and decadeoxyribonucleotide d(CATGGCCATG)2 were assigned by employing one- and two-dimensional NMR techniques. In...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Singh MP,Joseph T,Kumar S,Bathini Y,Lown JW

更新日期：1992-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:NADPH in microsomes reduces the hydroxocob(III)alamin form of vitamin B12 to cob(II)alamin and the supernucleophilic cob(I)alamin, which are both highly reactive toward xenobiotic epoxides formed by mammalian metabolism of dienes such as the industrially important chemicals chloroprene and 1,3-butadiene. With styrene,...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Watson WP,Munter T,Golding BT

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The urine from mice exposed to styrene vapors (600 and 1200 mg/m(3), 6 h) was analyzed for ring-oxidized metabolites of styrene. To facilitate the identification of metabolites in urine, the following potential metabolites were prepared: 2-, 3-, and 4-vinylphenol (2-, 3-, and 4-VP), 4-vinylpyrocatechol, and 2-, 3-, an...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Linhart I,Mráz J,Scharff J,Krouzelka J,Dusková S,Nohová H,Vodicková L

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well-known that aromatic diamino-, dihydroxy-, and amino-hydroxy compounds, with NH(2) and OH groups in ortho- or para-positions relative to each other, are strong skin sensitizers. In this paper, we analyze published potency and cross-reactivity data, whereby animals sensitized to one of these compounds are cha...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Aptula AO,Enoch SJ,Roberts DW

更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the causes of Parkinson's disease (PD) are not fully understood, the consensus is that a combination of genetic and environmental factors plays a major role. The discovery that the synthetic chemical, 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)-derived N-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), recapitulates...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Murphy D,Patel H,Wimalasena K

更新日期：2021-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The DNA alkylating mechanism of PNU-159682 (PNU), a highly potent metabolite of the anthracycline nemorubicin, was investigated by gel-electrophoretic, HPLC-UV, and micro-HPLC/mass spectrometry (MS) measurements. PNU quickly reacted with double-stranded oligonucleotides, but not with single-stranded sequences, to form...

journal_title：Chemical research in toxicology

authors： Scalabrin M,Quintieri L,Palumbo M,Riccardi Sirtori F,Gatto B

更新日期：2017-02-20 00:00:00