Marijuana primes, marijuana expectancies, and arithmetic efficiency.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:Previous research has shown that primes associated with alcohol influence behavior consistent with specific alcohol expectancies. The present study examined whether exposure to marijuana-related primes and marijuana expectancies interact to produce similar effects. Specifically, the present study examined whether marijuana primes and marijuana expectancies regarding cognitive and behavioral impairment interact to influence performance on an arithmetic task. METHOD:Two independent samples (N = 260) of undergraduate students (both marijuana users and nonusers) first completed measures of marijuana-outcome expectancies associated with cognitive and behavioral impairment and with general negative effects (Sample 2). Later in the semester, participants were exposed to marijuana-related (or neutral) primes and then completed an arithmetic task. RESULTS:Results from Sample 1 indicated that participants who were exposed to marijuana-themed magazine covers performed more poorly on the arithmetic task if they expected that marijuana would lead to cognitive and behavioral impairment. Results from Sample 2 indicated that, for marijuana users, cognitive and behavioral impairment expectancies, but not expectancies regarding general negative effects, similarly moderated arithmetic performance for participants exposed to marijuana-related words. CONCLUSIONS:Results support the hypothesis that the implicit activation of specific marijuana-outcome expectancies can influence cognitive processes. Implications for research on marijuana are discussed.

journal_name

J Stud Alcohol Drugs

authors

Hicks JA,Pedersen SL,McCarthy DM,Friedman RS

doi

10.15288/jsad.2009.70.391

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2009-05-01 00:00:00

pages

391-9

issue

3

eissn

1937-1888

issn

1938-4114

journal_volume

70

pub_type

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