当前位置： SCI文献检索 > EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY期刊下所有文献 > Population pharmacokinetics of intravenous ondansetron in oncology and surgical patients aged 1-48 months.

Population pharmacokinetics of intravenous ondansetron in oncology and surgical patients aged 1-48 months.

Abstract：

PURPOSE:Until recently, ondansetron was approved for the prevention of nausea and vomiting only in patients older than 2 years. However, as the use of ondansetron in patients younger than 2 years had been documented, characterization of ondansetron pharmacokinetics in this younger pediatric age group was warranted. METHODS:The pharmacokinetics of intravenously administered ondansetron were evaluated in oncology and surgical patients aged 1-48 months. Pooled data from 124 patients, including 745 pharmacokinetic samples, were analyzed using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. RESULTS:Ondansetron pharmacokinetics were described by a two-compartment model. Body-size effects on ondansetron disposition were accounted for via standard allometric relationships, normalized to 10.4 kg. A maturation process with a half-life of approximately 4 months was incorporated to describe a decrease in clearance (CL) in infants. Clearance [95% confidence interval (CI)] for a typical patient was 1.53 (1.34-1.78) L/h/kg(0.75) with an interindividual variability of 56.8%. Ondansetron CL was reduced by 31%, 53%, and 76% for the typical 6-month-, 3-month-, and 1-month-old patient, respectively. Simulations showed that an ondansetron dose of 0.1 mg/kg in children younger than 6 months produced exposure similar to a 0.15-mg/kg dose in older children. CONCLUSIONS:The population pharmacokinetic analysis of ondansetron allows for characterization of individual patients based on body weight and age. It is recommended that patients younger than 4 months receiving ondansetron be closely monitored.

journal_name

Eur J Clin Pharmacol

journal_title

European journal of clinical pharmacology

authors

Mondick JT,Johnson BM,Haberer LJ,Sale ME,Adamson PC,Coté CJ,Croop JM,Russo MW,Barrett JS,Hoke JF

doi

10.1007/s00228-009-0730-8

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2010-01-01 00:00:00

pages

77-86

issue

1

eissn

0031-6970

issn

1432-1041

journal_volume

66

pub_type

杂志文章,多中心研究

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