Abstract：
:Vaccines against viral disease have traditionally relied on attenuated virus strains or inactivation of infectious virus. Subunit vaccines based on viral proteins expressed in heterologous systems have been effective for some pathogens, but have often suffered from poor immunogenicity due to incorrect protein folding or modification. In this chapter we focus on a specific class of viral subunit vaccine that mimics the overall structure of virus particles and thus preserves the native antigenic conformation of the immunogenic proteins. These virus-like particles (VLPs) have been produced for a wide range of taxonomically and structurally distinct viruses, and have unique advantages in terms of safety and immunogenicity over previous approaches. With new VLP vaccines for papillomavirus beginning to reach the market place we argue that this technology has now 'come-of-age' and must be considered a viable vaccine strategy.
journal_name
Adv Exp Med Bioljournal_title
Advances in experimental medicine and biologyauthors
Roy P,Noad Rdoi
10.1007/978-1-4419-1132-2_11subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-01-01 00:00:00pages
145-58eissn
0065-2598issn
2214-8019journal_volume
655pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Model organisms are widely used in research that is ultimately aimed at understanding the causes and consequences of human disease. It may seem counterintuitive to expect clinically useful information to be obtained from species as diverse as fishes and insects, but because fundamental biological mechanisms share evol...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-62414-3_9
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:RHO (Rod opsin) encodes a G-protein coupled receptor that is expressed exclusively by rod photoreceptors of the retina and forms the essential photopigment, rhodopsin, when coupled with 11-cis-retinal. Many rod opsin disease -mutations cause rod opsin protein misfolding and trigger endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress, l...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-17121-0_25
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zebrafish embryos can be obtained for research purposes in large numbers at low cost and embryos develop externally in limited space, making them highly suitable for high-throughput cancer studies and drug screens. Non-invasive live imaging of various processes within the larvae is possible due to their transparency d...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-30654-4_14
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:1) Motility seems to be required for an intimate association with the intestinal mucosa which is necessary for efficient toxin delivery in the pathogenicity of V. cholerae. 2) A vaccine of semipurified flagella (CF) afforded a high degree of active and passive immunity in the rabbit ileum to both homologous and hetero...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-3369-2_50
更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ninety-two institutionalized elderly subjects were vaccinated with trivalent influenza inactivated vaccine available for the 2011-2012 season, characterized by a prevalent circulation of A(H3N2) influenza viruses (A/Victoria/208-clade) presenting antigenic and genetic patterns different from the A(H3N2) vaccine compon...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/5584_2015_5003
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Aluminum industry has been producing more than a century of history. Aluminum is a light metal which is widely used in industrial applications. Occupational aluminum workers are an important source for high exposure Al population. With the world's demand for aluminum and the increasing production, between 2007 and 201...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-981-13-1370-7_5
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review covers recent advances in a variety of dyskinesias. Introduction of new drugs for the treatment of myoclonus and sensory biofeedback therapy for focal dystonia are expanding our concepts of these types of movement disorders. Progress in the treatment of action myoclonus is especially noteworthy and has led...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-2511-6_7
更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In summary, we have presented evidence which relates to the action pathway of hormonal control of glycogen metabolism. In the case of insulin, there are changes demonstrable in the cyclic AMP-dependent protein kinase and also in the phosphoprotein phosphatase, under conditions where no direct relationship to either cy...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4757-0734-2_6
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We assessed neural sensitivity to interaural time differences (ITDs) conveyed in the temporal fine structure (TFS) of low-frequency sounds and ITDs conveyed in the temporal envelope of amplitude-modulated (AM'ed) high-frequency sounds. Using electroencephalography (EEG), we recorded brain activity to sounds in which t...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-25474-6_21
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As the main catalytic and structural molecules within living systems, proteins are the most likely biomolecules to be affected by radiation exposure. Proteomics, the comprehensive characterization of proteins within complex biological samples, is therefore a research approach ideally suited to assess the effects of ra...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-94-007-5896-4_1
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although pericytes have long been known for their roles in blood vessel regulation, it was not until a decade ago that their tissue regeneration potential began to be considered, after studies showed that pericytes were the in vivo counterparts of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs). The prospective isolation and cu...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-030-02601-1_6
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic nonspecific low back pain is a frequent clinical condition affecting the general population and influencing disability level and quality of life. We performed a single-blinded, randomized, and controlled study to compare the effectiveness of manual pressure release (MPR) and electrical neuromodulation (ENM) tr...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/5584_2020_605
更新日期：2021-01-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Quantitative analysis of the interactions between nanomaterials and their surrounding environment is crucial for safety evaluation in the application of nanotechnology as well as its development and standardization. In this chapter, we demonstrate the importance of the adsorption of surrounding molecules onto the surf...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-47754-1_8
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this model of pancreatic regeneration, the initial trophic effect of cellophane wrapping is upon the ductular-epithelium, as shown by autoradiographic analysis following a single pulse of 3H-TdR. The uptake of 3H-TdR by ductular cells is maximal approximately 4 weeks before the peak uptake of the label by islet cel...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-3448-8_14
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The limited proteolysis of human HMW kininogen by plasma kallikrein has been studied. Kallikrein liberated bradykinin from HMW kininogen (Mr 114 kDa) and generated a two-chain molecule with a heavy chain of Mr 63 kDa and a light chain of Mr 58 kDa interconnected via a single disulfide bridge. As proteolysis proceeded,...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-5143-6_14
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extracellular free sodium (Na+)o and calcium (Ca2+)o concentration changes were measured in the rat motor cortex, using ion-selective microelectrodes. During ionophoretic applications of excitatory amino acids, decreases in (Na2+)o and in (Ca2+)o were observed. Ca2+ signals were not or very little modified by applicat...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4684-7971-3_33
更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Lipid A is a strong activator of monocytes to release immune stimulators such as proinflammatory cytokines. Overproduction of inflammatory cytokines such as TNF and IL-6 is known to cause septic shock that frequently leads to multiple organ failure and finally to death. In recent years, Lipid A has also been recognize...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-1603-7_6
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seen from the perspective of funding organizations, investors, and the general public, the productivity of our world-wide biomedical research enterprise is declining despite increased investment. This opinion piece suggests a cause and a solution. The cause is the enormous complexity of human biology and pathophysiolo...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-7210-1_31
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Solid phase fixed peptides are useful tools for the investigation of enzyme substrate interactions. We could show that interactions of target sequences, like e.g. the acceptor domain of G-proteins for the of mono ADP-ribosylation by pertussis toxin and the toxin itself can be studied by this method. Reaction specifici...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-8632-0_10
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The first step that precedes hematopoietic transplantation is elimination of pathological hematopoiesis by administration of myeloablative doses of radiochemotherapy. This eliminates hematolymphopoietic cells and at the same time damages hematopoietic microenvironment in bone marrow (BM). The damage of BM tissue leads...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4614-4118-2_15
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Photoreceptor survival depends on the integrity of retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. The pathophysiology of several retinal degenerations involves oxidative stress-mediated injury and RPE cell death; in some instances it has been shown that this event is mediated by A2E and its epoxides. Photoreceptor outer segm...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/0-387-32442-9_74
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:DES is metabolized to a number of compounds through a minimum of three main metabolic routes. These routes result in some inactivity of DES as an estrogen, but the majority appear to produce estrogenic by-products, which in some cases produce divergent in vivo and in vitro hormone activities. Therefore, if DES undergo...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-7192-6_3
更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In mammals, parental care is essential for the survival of the young; therefore, it is vitally important to the propagation of the species. These behaviors, differing between the two sexes, are innate, stereotyped, and are also modified by an individual's reproductive experience. These characteristics suggest that neu...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-981-15-7086-5_6
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Heparin-binding growth factors related to basic fibroblast growth factor are major determinants of the cellular clonal composition of adipose tissue. By providing and maintaining varying complements of preadipocytes in different fat depots, these factors contribute to the varying sizes and functions of different regio...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-2910-1_20
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As we enter the 2000's it is clear that cytokine blockade is an effective therapeutic strategy for rheumatoid arthritis. In this brief review, we will review the rationale for anti TNFalpha therapy, the current status of therapy and focus on the regulation of TNFalpha production in rheumatoid synovium. New approaches ...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-1243-1_13
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In isolated titin molecules, length changes may occur in discrete steps (Tskhovrebova et al., 1997; Rief et al., 1997). The extent to which such steps are preserved in the intact muscle-filament lattice has remained unclear. We carried out experiments on single isolated insect-flight-muscle myofibrils in which thin fi...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-4267-4_18
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This is the first publication using a fiber optic "optode" and a luminescence based pO2 detection method for assessing neural tissue oxygenation. The system was used to simultaneously monitor pO2 in tissue (PtO2) and venous blood (PvO2) during normoxia, hyperoxia and hypoxia. PaO2 was varied by changing inspired oxyge...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4615-4717-4_6
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Concurrent complex sounds (e.g., two voices speaking at once) are perceptually disentangled into separate "auditory objects". This neural processing often occurs in the presence of acoustic-signal distortions from noise and reverberation (e.g., in a busy restaurant). A difference in periodicity between sounds is a str...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-3-319-25474-6_41
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recently lightguide spectrophotometry (LGS) has been investigated for assessing bowel mucosal oxygenation and may prove helpful in the diagnosis of bowel ischaemia. This pilot study explores the use of LGS and laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) to measure SO2 and perfusion in the bowel during key stages of colon surgery. S...
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-0-387-85998-9_39
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There has been a deluge of biological sequence data in the public domain, which makes sequence comparison one of the most fundamental computational problems in bioinformatics. The biologists routinely use pairwise alignment programs to identify similar, or more specifically, related sequences (having common ancestor)....
journal_title：Advances in experimental medicine and biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/978-1-4419-7046-6_30
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
