Abstract：
:Number of gender dysphoric people increased over the last few decades with positive social acceptance of transpopulation. Genital gender affirming surgeries are of utmost importance in order to adjust body to the mind of these individuals. Creation of the phallus is usually the last step in transmen transition, which remains demanding and challenging for surgeons, with different options for phalloplasty available. The ideal phallus is esthetically appealing, with preserved tactile and erogenous sensation, enables standing micturition and sexual function with minimal donor-site morbidity. Metoidioplasty, as a variant of phalloplasty, uses the hormonally hypertrophied clitoris to create the neophallus. Metoidioplasty can be considered as a method of choice for thin-built individuals looking for male genitalia with preserved erogeneity, in one-stage genital gender affirming surgery. It can be combined together with removal of reproductive organs and vaginectomy. Preoperative consultation with patients and postoperative follow-up as well as multidisciplinary approach are essential for successful treatment.This literature review aims to assess and discuss different metoidioplasty approaches with a special reference to authors' current metoidioplasty technique.
journal_name
Int J Impot Resjournal_title
International journal of impotence researchauthors
Bizic M,Stojanovic B,Bencic M,Bordás N,Djordjevic Mdoi
10.1038/s41443-020-00346-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-08-21 00:00:00eissn
0955-9930issn
1476-5489pii
10.1038/s41443-020-00346-ypub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:This work aimed to assess the cavernous anti-apoptotic role of using chronic low-dose sildenafil/tadalafil with and without testosterone (T) in aged diabetic rats. In all, 140 Sprague-Dawley aged rats were divided into the following groups: controls; induced diabetic rats; diabetic rats that received intramuscular dep...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ijir.2010.12
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP) is an important cause of iatrogenic erectile dysfunction (ED). While sildenafil has been widely used since its introduction as a new treatment option for ED, its efficacy in post-RRP patients has not been extensively studied. We retrospectively compared the efficacy of sildenafil...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ijir.3900525
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Peyronie's disease is a common malady affecting men mostly between the ages of 40 and 60. When penile curvature and erectile softening are present and the erectile dysfunction does not respond to Viagra a penile implant will strengthen and usually straighten the penis. If curvature persists after implant placement 'mo...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ijir.3900865
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Several trials and reviews provide evidence for the efficacy of phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitors in the treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED). However, little is known about the impact of treatment effect modifiers other than concomitant diseases. Our objective was to identify patient and trial characteristics as well ...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1038/sj.ijir.3901479
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Penile erection is completely dependent on commands from the central nervous system. Spinal centers controlling penile erection are located in the thoracolumbar and lumbosacral spinal cord. These centers are activated by information from the periphery and supraspinal nuclei so as to elicit penile erection in a variety...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has been continuing to affect the lives of all people globally. It has been shown that restrictions due to changes in lifestyles lead to mental health problems. This study aims to investigate the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on couples' sexuality. A total of 245 volunteers (...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41443-020-00378-4
更新日期：2020-12-16 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of the study was to evaluate the relationship between the sexual position and severity of penile fracture (PF). We studied 90 patients with PF. The mechanism of injury and the sexual position was assessed. We divided our sample by the etiology of the fracture in six groups: (a) masturbation or penile man...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ijir.2017.24
更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect on erections of impeding venous blood flow following intracavernosal injections of prostaglandin E1. Dispersion of injected X-ray contrast medium indicated that application of the RMRI penile clamp to the base of the penis retarded venous outflow. The clamp was th...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：1995-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an observational study in men with erectile dysfunction (ED) consulting a general practitioner (GP) or urologist in Belgium, demographics, ED characteristics (including erection hardness score), co-morbidities and treatment expectations were evaluated using a structured questionnaire. In total, 341 GPs and 41 urolo...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ijir.2008.7
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5) inhibitors have reduced efficacy in treating erectile dysfunction (ED) in conditions where there is a lack of endogenous nitric oxide (NO). Therefore, NO-releasing PDE5 inhibitors have been developed. Here we report the effect of such a compound, NCX-911, on the tone and nitrergic relax...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ijir.3901157
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although decline in sexual function is a common reason for ageing men to seek advice regarding testosterone therapy, placebo-controlled trial data have been unable to show a consistent, beneficial role for testosterone. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of testosterone therapy on sexual function ...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/ijir.2008.22
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In extracavernosal vascular tissue, smooth muscle tone is modulated by a balance between angiotensin II (Ang II) and nitric oxide (NO). We hypothesized that these substances also play an important role in regulating cavernosal smooth muscle contractility. We therefore studied the in vitro effects of an Ang II receptor...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ijir.3900261
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We studied the association between erythrocyte aggregation (EA) and erectile dysfunction (ED) in men with coronary artery disease (CAD). Men with CAD documented by coronary angiography filled the Sexual Health Inventory for Males questionnaire to detect ED and assess its severity. EA was evaluated by filming slides of...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ijir.2009.6
更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Only few studies have investigated the impact of surgery for rectal cancer on sexual function. Little of that research included quality of life (QoL) aspects and hardly any study analyzed the impact of age, gender and type of surgery on sexual function. The aim of the presented study was to address these issues. Over ...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ijir.3901276
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sexual dysfunction is a common problem of increasing incidence that is associated with multiple co-morbid conditions and chronic diseases. In heart failure, however, exact numbers are unknown, in part secondary to under-reporting and under-interrogating by health care providers. A gender-specific questionnaire was mod...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ijir.3901613
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As lifelong premature ejaculation (PE) and subjective PE are two different PE subtypes, the measurement of their characteristic features requires different objective measures. In this article, we address the differences between lifelong PE and subjective PE, in terms of the extent of variation of sexual performance an...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41443-018-0107-6
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sympathetic nervous system is important for penile function: it mediates detumescence and may contribute to the maintenance of the penis in a non-erect state. The sympathetic preganglionic neurons are found in the intermediolateral gray matter of the spinal cord. Postganglionic neurons are located to the sympathet...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is considerable interest in understanding the genetics of erectile dysfunction (ED). Since early twin studies that suggested a genetic component to ED, multiple candidate gene studies have identified genetic variants that may be associated with ED. Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) have overcome some of the...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/s41443-020-00372-w
更新日期：2020-11-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as the inability to attain and maintain erection of the penis sufficient to permit satisfactory sexual activity. ED most commonly affects men from 40 years of age with a clear age-associated increase in prevalence. The condition may have significant negative impact on quality of li...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/s41443-019-0132-0
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:No oral medication has proved to be clearly beneficial for Peyronie's disease (PD). We investigated the safety and efficacy of coenzyme Q(10) (CoQ(10)) supplementation in patients with early chronic PD. We conducted a randomized clinical trial of 186 patients with chronic early PD. Patients were randomly assigned to e...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1038/ijir.2010.20
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Radical prostatectomy (RP) is a commonly performed procedure for the management of prostate cancer. While documented oncologic outcome for early stage disease is excellent, functional impairments such as incontinence and erectile dysfunction (ED) are common after the procedure. Recent evidence has implicated cavernous...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/ijir.2011.26
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) is a physiologic signal essential to penile erection, and disorders that reduce NO synthesis or release in the erectile tissue are commonly associated with erectile dysfunction. NO synthase (NOS) catalyzes production of NO from L-arginine. While both constitutively expressed neuronal NOS (nNOS) and e...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1038/sj.ijir.3901209
更新日期：2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:New Zealand white rabbit cavernosal smooth muscle strips (n=6) were mounted in organ baths. Relaxations to nitric oxide (10(-7)-10(-4) mol/l) were measured and the same procedure was repeated on strips from rabbits 6 months after alloxan-induced diabetes (n=6). Transverse cavernosal sections were obtained from the sam...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ijir.3900935
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a study on the diagnosis and treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) in general practice, a self-selected sample of 90 general practitioners (GPs) (76 males, 14 females) from a predominantly urban population of 525 GPs were interviewed. It appeared that 59% would not actively interrogate a patient when an erection p...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study was conducted to determine rate and related factors of dyspareunia. Three hundred and nineteen women aged 15-49 years were surveyed. A questionnaire was used to collect data. Pelvic examinations and connective tissue disorders were investigated. At whole 54.5% had dyspareunia. The means of gravidity, parity...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ijir.3901495
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Erectile dysfunction (ED) can be an early and first sign of an underlying systemic disease. A screening program is offered by the Israeli Defense Force for career servicemen at the staff periodic examination center (SPEC), the aim of which was early detection of morbidity. We introduced the Sexual Human Inventory for ...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ijir.3901173
更新日期：2004-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Erectile dysfunction is a common condition that affects men over age 40. It is highly related to obesity. The corpus cavernosum is the most important structure involved in erection. The aim of this study was to evaluate the structure of the corpus cavernosum of mice fed with a high energy density diet (HED). At 3 mont...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/s41443-018-0089-4
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypogonadotropic patients may visit pediatricians, general practitioners, endocrinologists or urologists, presenting with microphallus, cryptochidism or pubertas tarda and delayed bone maturation. Congenital hypogonadotropic hypogonadism is characterized, apart from small testes, by the constellation of low serum leve...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/sj.ijir.3900493
更新日期：2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of this study was to evaluate changes in men's sexual function after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) treatment for acute myocardial infarction (MI). Sixty men aged 18-70 years old were included in the study. All patients had acute MI and underwent PTCA. They underwent two post PCTA visits...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ijir.2017.11
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Endothelial dysfunction, a marker for atherosclerosis and hence arterial disease, has recently been proffered as the main offender within the vascular system to predict not only the future onset of erectile dysfunction (ED) but also as the main cause of the ED. To glean more insight into whether arterial disease is in...
journal_title：International journal of impotence research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1038/ijir.2013.17
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
