Abstract：
:The project was conducted between May 2006 and September 2007, and involved the collection of effluent samples from 45 wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). The 45 WWTPs included 16 lagoon-based plants and 29 with activated sludge-based processes. Permission was obtained from all the relevant water authorities to collect samples of final effluent at point of discharge to the environment, whether that was to a creek, a river, the ocean, or the land. Samples were collected on two occasions, namely, in August 2006 (winter) and late February-early March 2007 (summer), and subjected to a number of biological and chemical analyses, including toxicity tests, measurement of hormonal (estrogenic) activity using yeast-based bioassays, and measurement of specific hormonal concentrations using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs). Almost all of the effluents examined showed estrogenic activity: in winter, no activity to 73 ng/l 17beta-estradiol equivalents (EEQ); and in summer, no activity to 20 ng/l EEQ. On the whole, the levels of estrogenic activity observed were comparable with the range recently reported in Australia and New Zealand using human estrogen receptor-based assays ("not detected" to approximately 10 ng/l EEQ). The low/no bioassay response was confirmed by the chemical assessment of estradiol, estrone, and ethinyl estradiol concentrations by ELISA, which returned concentrations of these compounds for the most part below 10 ng/l.
journal_name
Arch Environ Contam Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of environmental contamination and toxicologyauthors
Allinson M,Shiraishi F,Salzman SA,Allinson Gdoi
10.1007/s00244-010-9472-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-04-01 00:00:00pages
576-86issue
3eissn
0090-4341issn
1432-0703journal_volume
58pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Persistent organochlorines such as DDT and its metabolites (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexane isomers (HCHs), chlordane compounds (CHLs), hexachlorobenzene (HCB), and polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) were determined in whole-body homogenates of resident and migratory birds collected from South India. Organochlorine contami...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s002449900335
更新日期：1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Zinc (Zn) is an essential micronutrient to aquatic organisms, but increased concentrations may result in accumulation and toxic effects. Water chemistry is known to influence the uptake of Zn in aquatic biota; therefore, organisms inhabiting environments with variable salinities may exhibit different patterns of Zn ac...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s00244-012-9805-0
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s002440010104
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/BF00203885
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s002449900376
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s00244-009-9292-0
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s00244-006-0046-y
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01160301
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s00244-013-9928-y
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/BF02220817
更新日期：1975-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01055345
更新日期：1991-08-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002440010177
更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-003-2197-4
更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/BF01064418
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Herbicides, such as atrazine, are extensively used in agriculture in order to suppress growth of weeds. From the soil they inevitably find their way to water supplies, leading to human exposure via drinking water. Therefore, it is extremely important to know whether those chemicals pose any hazard to public health. Th...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s00244-003-3075-9
更新日期：2004-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s00244-002-2051-0
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s002440010256
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/pl00006613
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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doi：10.1007/s00244-017-0413-x
更新日期：2017-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：2019-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Secondary effects of a single dose of the insecticide Dursban 4E (active ingredient chlorpyrifos) were studied in indoor experimental freshwater ecosystems intended to mimic drainage ditches. Two experiments were performed, one in which all model ecosystems were dominated by the macrophyte Elodea muttallii, and one us...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
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更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00210732
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent regulations require that the ecological effects of microorganisms introduced into the environment, such as for groundwater bioremediation, be assessed prior to their utilization. A native anuran (Rana clamitans) and a model anuran (Xenopus laevis) were used as potential wetland receptors of tetrachloroethylene ...
journal_title：Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00244-005-8218-8
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
