Why do patients with psychosis listen to and believe derogatory and threatening voices? 21 reasons given by patients.

Abstract:

BACKGROUND:Around two-thirds of patients with auditory hallucinations experience derogatory and threatening voices (DTVs). Understandably, when these voices are believed then common consequences can be depression, anxiety and suicidal ideation. There is a need for treatment targeted at promoting distance from such voice content. The first step in this treatment development is to understand why patients listen to and believe voices that are appraised as malevolent. AIMS:To learn from patients their reasons for listening to and believing DTVs. METHOD:Theoretical sampling was used to recruit 15 participants with non-affective psychosis from NHS services who heard daily DTVs. Data were obtained by semi-structured interviews and analysed using grounded theory. RESULTS:Six higher-order categories for why patients listen and/or believe voices were theorised. These were: (i) to understand the voices (e.g. what is their motive?); (ii) to be alert to the threat (e.g. prepared for what might happen); (iii) a normal instinct to rely on sensory information; (iv) the voices can be of people they know; (v) the DTVs use strategies (e.g. repetition) to capture attention; and (vi) patients feel so worn down it is hard to resist the voice experience (e.g. too mentally defeated to dismiss comments). In total, 21 reasons were identified, with all participants endorsing multiple reasons. CONCLUSIONS:The study generated a wide range of reasons why patients listen to and believe DTVs. Awareness of these reasons can help clinicians understand the patient experience and also identify targets in psychological intervention.

journal_name

Behav Cogn Psychother

authors

Sheaves B,Johns L,Griffith L,Isham L,McPin Hearing Voices Lived Experience Advisory Panel.,Kabir T,Freeman D

doi

10.1017/S1352465820000429

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-11-01 00:00:00

pages

631-645

issue

6

eissn

1352-4658

issn

1469-1833

pii

S1352465820000429

journal_volume

48

pub_type

杂志文章
  • A preliminary investigation into the existence of a hypervigilance subtype of auditory hallucination in people with psychosis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The phenomenological heterogeneity of auditory hallucinations (AHs) means individual models struggle to account for all aspects of the experience. One alternative is that distinct subtypes of AHs exist, with each requiring their own unique explanatory model and tailored cognitive behavioural intervention str...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465813000714

    authors: Garwood L,Dodgson G,Bruce V,McCarthy-Jones S

    更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00

  • Cognitive Behavioural Therapy for Paruresis or "Shy Bladder Syndrome": A Case Study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Paruresis, or "shy bladder syndrome", is a relatively common anxiety disorder, yet little is known about the causes of, and effective treatments for this disabling condition. AIM:This report describes a case study in which a man (Peter) presenting with paruresis was treated using formulation-driven CBT, whi...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465816000321

    authors: Hambrook D,Taylor T,Bream V

    更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00

  • Therapy contamination as a measure of therapist treatment adherence in a trial of cognitive behaviour therapy versus befriending for psychosis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:High quality randomized controlled trials (RCT) of psychotherapeutic interventions should ensure that the therapy being tested is what is actually delivered. However, contamination of one therapy into the other, a critical component of treatment adherence, is seldom measured in psychotherapy trials of psycho...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1017/S1352465813000921

    authors: Bendall S,Allott K,Jovev M,Marois MJ,Killackey EJ,Gleeson JF,Alvarez-Jimenez M,McGorry PD,Jackson HJ

    更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00

  • The role of predisposition to hallucinations on non-clinical paranoid vs. socially anxious individuals after hearing negative affective-laden sounds: an experimental investigation.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Research suggested that negative affective-laden sounds act as environmental stressors that elicit negative affect (Bradley and Lang, 2000a). AIMS:We tried to test for the role of an interaction between predisposition to hallucinatory experiences and exposure to negative affective laden sounds for the prese...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465812000483

    authors: Lopes B,Pinto-Gouveia J

    更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00

  • Cognitive behavioral therapy and work outcomes: correlates of treatment engagement and full and partial success in schizophrenia.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) has been found to be generally effective for persons with schizophrenia. Less is known however about those who will engage in this treatment, and among those who engage, who benefits more versus less from this intervention. AIMS:This study sought to identify factors associat...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1017/S1352465813000428

    authors: Kukla M,Davis LW,Lysaker PH

    更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00

  • Internet-delivered Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Depressive Symptoms: An Exploratory Examination of Therapist Behaviours and their Relationship to Outcome and Therapeutic Alliance.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:A previous study of therapist-assisted Internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) for generalized anxiety (Paxling et al., 2013) identified eight distinct therapist behaviours in ICBT (task reinforcement, self-efficacy shaping, task prompting, alliance bolstering, psychoeducation, empathetic utter...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465816000254

    authors: Schneider LH,Hadjistavropoulos HD,Faller YN

    更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00

  • Investigating cultural differences in the effects of expressive suppression when processing traumatic distressing material.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:While suppression is associated with detrimental post-traumatic psychological adjustment, research has not considered the effect of culture on this relationship. AIMS:This study investigated cultural differences in the effects of expressive suppression, whilst watching a traumatic film, on subjective distre...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1017/S1352465820000508

    authors: Nagulendran A,Norton PJ,Jobson L

    更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00

  • Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy: A Descriptive Review (2000 to July 2016).

    abstract:BACKGROUND:The Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy (BCP) Journal is the main academic publication of the British Association for Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapies. It publishes empirical studies, reviews and theoretical papers, brief reports and single cases. AIM:To describe the main areas of interest and ...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465817000121

    authors: Caro Gabalda I

    更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00

  • Do symptom interpretations mediate the relationship between panic attack symptoms and agoraphobic avoidance?

    abstract:BACKGROUND:There is little consensus as to whether agoraphobic avoidance in panic disorder is characterized by a prominence of particular symptoms and interpretations of those symptoms. AIMS:We sought to clarify the relationship between symptoms and agoraphobic avoidance and to establish whether catastrophic interpret...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S135246581000007X

    authors: Berle D,Starcevic V,Milicevic D,Hannan A,Moses K

    更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00

  • The Impact of Obsessive Compulsive Personality Disorder on Cognitive Behaviour Therapy for Obsessive Compulsive Disorder.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:It is often suggested that, in general, co-morbid personality disorders are likely to interfere with CBT based treatment of Axis I disorders, given that personality disorders are regarded as dispositional and are therefore considered less amenable to change than axis I psychiatric disorders. AIMS:The presen...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465815000582

    authors: Gordon OM,Salkovskis PM,Bream V

    更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00

  • Assessing Competence in Collaborative Case Conceptualization: Development and Preliminary Psychometric Properties of the Collaborative Case Conceptualization Rating Scale (CCC-RS).

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Case conceptualization is assumed to be an important element in cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) because it describes and explains clients' presentations in ways that inform intervention. However, we do not have a good measure of competence in CBT case conceptualization that can be used to guide training ...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465814000691

    authors: Kuyken W,Beshai S,Dudley R,Abel A,Görg N,Gower P,McManus F,Padesky CA

    更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00

  • Cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia for patients with co-morbid generalized anxiety disorder: an open trial on clinical outcomes and putative mechanisms.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Very little is known concerning the efficacy of psychosocial treatments for patients with insomnia disorder co-morbid with generalized anxiety disorder (GAD). AIM:The aim was to examine the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) for patients with insomnia disorder co-morbid with GAD. ...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465821000023

    authors: Jansson-Fröjmark M,Jacobson K

    更新日期:2021-01-28 00:00:00

  • The fear of others: a qualitative analysis of interpersonal threat in social phobia and paranoia.

    abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIMS:The cognitive models indicate that people with social phobia and paranoia share a common fear of others. While we recognize clinical differences, it is likely that some of the same psychological processes contribute to the maintenance of both presentations, yet the nature and extent of these similar...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465812000422

    authors: Stopa L,Denton R,Wingfield M,Taylor KN

    更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00

  • Supervision in Motivational Interviewing: An Exploratory Study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Although supervision is believed to be an important strategy for training practitioners in evidence-based practice, little is known about how it should be organized and conducted to promote implementation fidelity. AIMS:To explore supervisor behaviours that might facilitate supervisees' proficiency in motiv...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S135246581700011X

    authors: Beckman M,Bohman B,Forsberg L,Rasmussen F,Ghaderi A

    更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00

  • Who attends and who benefits from CBT "self-confidence" workshops run in routine practice? A pilot study.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:This study examined characteristics of members of the public who self-referred and the effectiveness of psycho-educational CBT self-confidence workshops when run in routine practice. METHOD:Repeated measures were employed at pre- and post-workshop stages. RESULTS:Of the 56 members of the general public who...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465809990129

    authors: Prytys M,Harman K,Lee R,Brown JS

    更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00

  • An empirical study of defensive avoidance in paranoia.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:There is controversy as to whether psychological defensive avoidance is associated with paranoia. AIMS:To elucidate whether "Poor-me" paranoid patients, who believe that the persecution they perceive is undeserved, show more prominent avoidance of negative thoughts about themselves than healthy and clinical...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465813000805

    authors: Moutoussis M,El-Deredy W,Bentall RP

    更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00

  • Utilization of learned skills in cognitive behavioural therapy for panic disorder.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Research has long investigated the cognitive processes in the treatment of depression, and more recently in panic disorder (PD). Meanwhile, other studies have examined patients' cognitive therapy skills in depression to gain insight into the link between acquiring such skills and treatment outcome. AIMS:Giv...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S135246581900033X

    authors: Halaj A,Yekutiel N,Strauss AY,Huppert JD

    更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00

  • Positive beliefs about rumination are associated with ruminative thinking and affect in daily life: evidence for a metacognitive view on depression.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Self-regulatory executive function theory (Wells and Matthews, 1994; Wells, 2008) stresses the role of metacognitions in the development of emotional disorders. Within this metacognitive model, positive beliefs about ruminative thinking are thought to be a risk factor for engaging in rumination and subsequen...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465813000325

    authors: Kubiak T,Zahn D,Siewert K,Jonas C,Weber H

    更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00

  • Pilot study of group cognitive behaviour therapy for heterogeneous acute psychiatric inpatients: treatment in a sole-standalone session allowing patients to choose the therapeutic target.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Group CBT (G-CBT) for heterogeneous acute psychiatric inpatients (HAPIs), which allows patients to choose the group therapeutic target, might have clinical utility but is empirically untested. AIMS:To test the feasibility, acceptability and patient-rated effectiveness of G-CBT for HAPIs in which patients' t...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465810000834

    authors: Raune D,Daddi I

    更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of appraisals of anomalous experience on distress in people at risk of psychosis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:A cognitive model of psychosis suggests that appraisals of psychotic-like experiences (PLEs), and the subsequent responses adopted, are responsible for the maintenance of distress and disability associated with psychosis. AIMS:This study aimed to investigate whether it is possible to manipulate appraisals o...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1017/S1352465812000227

    authors: Taylor HE,Parker S,Mansell W,Morrison AP

    更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00

  • Positive schemas in schema therapy with older adults: clinical implications and research suggestions.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Schema therapy is an effective treatment for borderline personality disorder and other complex disorders. Schema therapy is feasible in older adults, and the first empirical support for its effectiveness in later life was provided in older patients with a cluster C personality disorder. The central concept o...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1017/S1352465820000077

    authors: Videler AC,van Royen RJJ,Legra MJH,Ouwens MA

    更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00

  • Cognitive behavioural responses to envy: development of a new measure.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Envy is depicted as motivating destructive desires and actions intended to spoil or destroy that which is envied. AIM:To develop a new valid and reliable measure of malicious envy (C-BRES), which included items representing the cognitive, emotional and behavioural responses empirically associated with this ...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465819000614

    authors: Jordan C,Vitoratou S,Siew Y,Chalder T

    更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00

  • Cognitive-behavioural bibliotherapy for hypochondriasis: a pilot study.

    abstract:AIMS:The present study aims to determine whether cognitive-behavioural minimal contact bibliotherapy is acceptable to participants suffering from DSM-IV-TR hypochondriasis, and whether this intervention is able to reduce hypochondriacal complaints, as well as comorbid depressive complaints and trait anxiety. METHOD:Pa...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465809005293

    authors: Buwalda FM,Bouman TK

    更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00

  • Predictors of Treatment Discontinuation During Prolonged Exposure for PTSD.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a highly prevalent and impairing condition for which there are several evidence-based psychotherapies. However, a significant proportion of patients fail to complete a 'sufficient dose' of psychotherapy, potentially limiting treatment gains. AIMS:The present study in...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1017/S135246581700039X

    authors: Gros DF,Allan NP,Lancaster CL,Szafranski DD,Acierno R

    更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00

  • Imagery rescripting for the treatment of trauma in voice hearers: a case series.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:High rates of trauma and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) are reported in people who hear voices (auditory hallucinations). A recent meta-analysis of trauma interventions in psychosis showed only small improvements in PSTD symptoms and voices. Imagery Rescripting (ImRs) may be a therapy that is more eff...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465819000237

    authors: Paulik G,Steel C,Arntz A

    更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00

  • Adapted CBT to Stabilize Sleep on Psychiatric Wards: a Transdiagnostic Treatment Approach.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Almost all patients admitted at acute crisis to a psychiatric ward experience clinically significant symptoms of insomnia. Ward environments pose challenges to both sleep and the delivery of therapy. Despite this, there is no description of how to adapt cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT) for insomnia to ove...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465817000789

    authors: Sheaves B,Isham L,Bradley J,Espie C,Barrera A,Waite F,Harvey AG,Attard C,Freeman D

    更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00

  • Cognitive predictors of change in cognitive behaviour therapy and mindfulness-based cognitive therapy for depression.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:An appreciation of cognitive predictors of change in treatment outcome may help to better understand differential treatment outcomes. The aim of this study was to examine how rumination and mindfulness impact on treatment outcome in two group-based interventions for non-melancholic depression: Cognitive Beha...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1017/S1352465811000634

    authors: Manicavasagar V,Perich T,Parker G

    更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00

  • Are context-specific measures of positive emotion regulation more predictive of mania risk and mood symptoms than trait measures?

    abstract:BACKGROUND:A number of strategies used to regulate positive affect (i.e. dampening and positive rumination) have been identified as having particular relevance to hypomanic personality (a proxy measure of mania risk). However, previous findings have been mixed and it is suggested that this may be the result of lack of ...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465820000855

    authors: McGrogan CL,Dodd AL,Smith MA

    更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00

  • Exploring the Associations between Social Rank and External Shame with Experiences of Psychosis.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Low social rank and external shame have been found to be significantly associated with anxiety and depression. However, their relevance to experiences of psychosis has rarely been explored. AIMS:This study aims to examine the relationship of social rank and external shame to personal recovery, depression an...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465815000570

    authors: Wood L,Irons C

    更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00

  • What are Clients Asking Their Therapist During Therapist-Assisted Internet-Delivered Cognitive Behaviour Therapy? A Content Analysis of Client Questions.

    abstract:BACKGROUND:Although internet-delivered cognitive behaviour therapy (ICBT) yields large clinical outcomes when accompanied by therapeutic support, a portion of clients do not benefit from treatment. In ICBT, clients review treatment materials online typically on a weekly basis. A key component of therapist-assistance in...

    journal_title:Behavioural and cognitive psychotherapy

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1017/S1352465818000668

    authors: Soucy JN,Hadjistavropoulos HD,Pugh NE,Dear BF,Titov N

    更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00