Seed consumption and dispersal of ant-dispersed plants by slugs.

abstract：:I increased the availability of tadpole-rearing sites (bromeliads) and oviposition sites (leaf litter) and examined the effects on space-use patterns in adult Dendrobates pumilio at the La Selva Biological Reserve in northeastern Costa Rica. I made 4158 observations of 986 marked adults during the seven-month study pe...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Donnelly MA

更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blue-footed boobies (Sula nebouxii) in the Galápagos Islands nest at coastal sites such as cliff edges if Nazca boobies (S. granti) are absent. However, if sympatric with nesting Nazca boobies, they nest nearby, but farther inland, in areas with little topographical relief. Nazca boobies nest at the coastal sites whet...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Townsend HM,Huyvaert KP,Hodum PJ,Anderson DJ

更新日期：2002-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enhanced ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation may have multiple effects on both plants and animals and affect plant-herbivore interactions directly and indirectly by inducing changes in host plant quality. In this study, we examined combined effects of UV-B and herbivory on the defence of the mountain birch (Betula pubescen...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Anttila U,Julkunen-Tiitto R,Rousi M,Yang S,Rantala MJ,Ruuhola T

更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In both single- and mixed-species social groups, certain participants are known to play important roles in providing benefits. Identifying these participants is critical for understanding group dynamics, but is often difficult with large roving social groups in the wild. Here, we develop a new approach to characterize...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Sridhar H,Shanker K

更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Integrative studies of plant-animal interactions that incorporate the multiple effects of interactions are important for discerning the importance of each factor within the population dynamics of a plant species. The low regeneration capacity of many Acacia species in arid savannas is a consequence of a combination of...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Rodríguez-Pérez J,Wiegand K,Ward D

更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant population and community dynamics may be altered by increasing atmospheric CO(2) concentrations [[CO(2)]] through intraspecific variation in the responses of vegetative and reproductive growth. Although these responses may be regulated by age at flowering, little is known about the direct effects of age at flowe...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Lewis JD,Wang X,Griffin KL,Tissue DT

更新日期：2003-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We obtined data on body mass and growth rates for the immature members of two groups of wild baboons in Amboseli National Park, Kenya. Data were collected without feeding, trapping, or handling. The data were separated into cross-sectional and longitudinal components, allowing both the examination of body mass-age rel...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Altmann J,Alberts S

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Prescribed burning is a major control over element cycles in Tallgrass prairie (Eastern Kansas, USA). In this paper we report potential effects of fire on nonsymbiotic nitrogen fixation. Fire resulted in additions of available P in ash, which may stimulate nitrogen fixation by terrestrial cyanobacteria. Cyanobacterial...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Eisele KA,Schimel DS,Kapustka LA,Parton WJ

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Field experiments were conducted to clarify the relationship between the extent of food limitation and the amount and nature of intraspecific competition in an orb weaver, the labyrinth spider Metepeira labyrinthea. In one experiment agonistic encounters between marked adult females were induced at natural web sites. ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Wise DH

更新日期：1983-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ribulose-1,5-bis-phosphate (RBPC) 14CO2 fixation rate was measured at four different temperatures, 5°, 15°, 25° and 35° C, in three populations of Espeletia schultzii at different altitudes, 3100, 3550 and 4200 ma.s.l. The fixation rate increased with temperature increase in the populations studied. The population...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Castrillo M

更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The palatability of 14 species of woody plant was assessed for three species of browsing ruminant, namely kudus, impalas and goats. Results show that palatability was most clearly related to leaf contents of condensed tannins. The effect was a threshold one, with all plants containing more than 5% condensed tannins be...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Cooper SM,Owen-Smith N

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The sea urchin, Lytechinus variegatus, has been estimated to consume between 50 and 90% of annual net aboveground production in selected turtlegrass (Thalassia testudinum) meadows in the eastern Gulf of Mexico. Nevertheless, turtlegrass persists where sea urchin grazing is intense. We hypothesized that turtlegrass pro...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Valentine JF,Heck KL,Busby J Jr,Webb D

更新日期：1997-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic introgression has been suggested as a management tool for mitigating detrimental effects of inbreeding depression, but the role of introgression in species conservation has been controversial, partly because population-level impacts of genetic introgressions are not well understood. Concerns about potential in...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Hostetler JA,Onorato DP,Bolker BM,Johnson WE,O'Brien SJ,Jansen D,Oli MK

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Floral visitors vary in their pollination efficiency and their preferences for floral traits. If low-efficiency pollinators decrease the amount of pollen available to higher efficiency visitors, then low-efficiency visitors may actually have negative fitness consequences for the plants that they visit. We used experim...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Lau JA,Galloway LF

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The community structure of sedentary organisms is largely controlled by the outcome of direct competition for space. Understanding factors defining competitive outcomes among neighbors is thus critical for predicting large-scale changes, such as transitions to alternate states within coral reefs. Using a spatially exp...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Sandin SA,McNamara DE

更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Species assembly patterns of local communities are shaped by the balance between multiple abiotic/biotic filters and dispersal that both select individuals from species pools at the regional scale. Knowledge regarding functional assembly can provide insight into the relative importance of the deterministic and stochas...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Kubota Y,Kusumoto B,Shiono T,Ulrich W

更新日期：2018-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A technique is presented in which desiccation as a source of error in fresh weight determinations of soft-bodied microfauna is avoided by weighing the animal in a drop of silica fluid. ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Lundkvist H

更新日期：1978-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Seed predation can cause substantial seed losses and influence plant population dynamics, but the impact depends on the extent to which populations are limited by seed availability or favorable microsites for recruitment. Harvester ants are the dominant post-dispersal seed predators in Australia's tropical savannas, a...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Setterfield SA,Andersen AN

更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:1. The uptake of heavy metals via the alimentary tract can be an important factor for the metal budget of fish. 2. Concepts such as biomagnification, bioaccumulation, biotransference, or concentration factors, convey little information about the real threat originating from heavy metals in an aquatic food chain. 3. In...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Dallinger R,Prosi F,Segner H,Back H

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently I proposed a quantitative theory which predicts the partition of resources between vegetative growth and seed production in highly rhizomatous clonal plants (Armstrong 1982, 1983). My basic premise was that this partition should be controlled by basic geometric properties of clonal growth. My conclusions were...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Armstrong RA

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Gas exchange characteristics of droughted and rewatered Portulacaria afra were studied during the seasonal shift from CAM to C3 photosynthesis. 14CO2 uptake, stomatal conductance, and total titratable acidity were determined for both irrigated and 2, 4, and 7.5 month waterstressed plants from summer 1984 to summer 198...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Guralnick LJ,Ting IP

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Intraspecific variation in behavior and diet can have important consequences for population and ecosystem dynamics. Here, we examine how differences in reproductive investment and spatial ecology influence individual diet specialization in male and female southern sea otters (Enhydra lutris nereis). We hypothesize tha...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Smith EA,Newsome SD,Estes JA,Tinker MT

更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Life history theory and empirical studies suggest that large size or earlier metamorphosis are suitable proxies for increased lifetime fitness. Thus, across a gradient of larval habitat quality, individuals with similar phenotypes for these traits should exhibit similar post-metamorphic performance. Here we examine th...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Van Allen BG,Briggs VS,McCoy MW,Vonesh JR

更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Desert annuals of Death Valley, California have higher average light-saturated photosynthetic capacities and leaf nitrogen contents than do early-successional annuals of Illinois. The leaves of annuals in the light-unlimited Death Valley environment change little in specific weight, nitrogen, or photosynthetic capacit...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Mooney HA,Field C,Gulmon SL,Bazzaz FA

更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vallisneria americana was grown for six weeks in a greenhouse on relatively fertile sediment to test for factors other than nutrient limitation which may slow growth of this submersed macrophyte at pH 5. On the basis of dry mass accumulated, (1) low pH significantly depressed Vallisneria growth at constant free CO2 le...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Titus JE,Feldman RS,Grisé D

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Climate change models predict that the range of the world's smallest tortoise, Homopus signatus signatus, will aridify and contract in the next decades. To evaluate the effects of annual variation in rainfall on the growth of H. s. signatus, we recorded annual growth rates of wild individuals from spring 2000 to sprin...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Loehr VJ,Hofmeyr MD,Henen BT

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Microtus duodecimcostatus in a mediterranean vole which is not known to display spectacular increases in population numbers as in some microtine species. A population was studied in southern France with a capture-recapture method. The population included resident adults which have a high and constant survival rate (mo...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Paradis E,Guédon G

更新日期：1993-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Herbivory can reduce plant fitness, and its effects can be increased by competition. Though numerous studies have examined the joint effects of herbivores and competitors on plant performance, these interactive effects are seldom considered in the context of plant invasions. Here, we examined variation in plant perfor...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Huang W,Carrillo J,Ding J,Siemann E

更新日期：2012-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Northern deer populations are typically partially migratory, but the relationship between migratory movements and parasites has received little attention. Migration often involves movement from a low-elevation winter range towards a summer range at higher elevation. In Europe these movements may also involve a gradien...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Mysterud A,Qviller L,Meisingset EL,Viljugrein H

更新日期：2016-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After a period of food deprivation, animals often respond with a period of faster than normal growth. Such responses have been suggested to result in decreased chromosomal maintenance, which in turn may affect the future fitness of an individual. Here, we present a field experiment in which a food deprivation period o...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Näslund J,Pauliny A,Blomqvist D,Johnsson JI

更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00