Interactive effects of herbivory and competition intensity determine invasive plant performance.

abstract：:Hemiepiphytic species in the genera Clusia and Ficus were investigated to study their mode of photosynthetic metabolism when growing under natural conditions. Despite growing sympatrically in many areas and having the same growth habit, some Clusia species show Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) whereas all species of...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Ting IP,Hann J,Holbrook NM,Putz FE,Sternberg LD,Price D,Goldstein G

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synchronous leaf production has been proposed as a mechanism to reduce herbivore damage to young leaves by satiating herbivores. To test this hypothesis, I measured leaf production, leaf survivorship, and herbivore damage on juveniles of Gustavia superba (H.B.K.) Berg (Lecythidaceae), in two sites in Central Panama. L...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Aide TM

更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:While morphological differences such as tongue length are often featured as drivers of pollinator floral preferences, differences in chemical detection and tolerance to secondary compounds may also play a role. We sought to better understand the role of secondary compounds in floral preference by examining visitation ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Villalona E,Ezray BD,Laveaga E,Agrawal AA,Ali JG,Hines HM

更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stratospheric ozone depletion has caused ground-level ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation to rise in temperate latitudes of both hemispheres. Because the effects of enhanced UV-B radiation on the nutrition of food consumed by mammalian herbivores are unknown, we measured nutritional and chemical constituents of 18 forages ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Thines NJ,Shipley LA,Bassman JH,Slusser JR,Gao W

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Eight species of carabids (six of them represented by two subpopulations) were sampled. It appeared that the mean number of ripe eggs in the ovaries could be regressed on the specific body weight (ranging from 20 to 285 mg dry wt.): the mean decreased in heavier species, and was higher in the autumn breeders than in t...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Grüm L

更新日期：1984-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two calanoid copepod genera, Boeckella and Calamoecia have broadly similar geographic distributions in Australia but Boeckella is more common than Calamoecia. A field survey and literature search indicate that Boeckella is usually the first calanoid to colonize newly formed bodies of water, and Boeckella is more commo...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Maly EJ

更新日期：1984-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In cloud forest at Monteverde, Costa Rica, two common treelets (Palicourea lasiorrachis and Cephaelis elata, both Rubiaceae) depend simultaneously on one hummingbird population (Lampornis calolaema) for pollination. Both species are distylous and self-incompatible. In laboratory experiments, we examined possible effec...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Feinsinger P,Busby WH,Tiebout HM 3rd

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Theory predicts persistence of long-term family relationships in vertebrates will occur until perceived fitness costs exceed benefits to either parents or offspring. We examined whether increased breeding probability and survival were associated with prolonged parent-offspring and sibling-sibling relationships in a lo...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Weegman MD,Bearhop S,Hilton GM,Walsh AJ,Weegman KM,Hodgson DJ,Fox AD

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Desert annuals of Death Valley, California have higher average light-saturated photosynthetic capacities and leaf nitrogen contents than do early-successional annuals of Illinois. The leaves of annuals in the light-unlimited Death Valley environment change little in specific weight, nitrogen, or photosynthetic capacit...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Mooney HA,Field C,Gulmon SL,Bazzaz FA

更新日期：1981-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The chaparral shrub Eriodictyon californicum produces a flavonoid leaf resin with a chemically similar composition to that previously reported for the sympatric shrub Diplacus aurantiacus. We determined the phenology, resin content, and nitrogen content of Eriodictyon leaves and the leaf area lost to herbivores. Nitro...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Johnson ND,Chu CC,Ehrlich PR,Mooney HA

更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:I examined the effects of pollen loads containing pollen from one, three and five donors on fruit production and fruit quality in Campsis radicans. Number of pollen donors had no significant effect on % fruit production, seed number, seed weight or seed germination. In singledonor pollinations the identity of the dono...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Bertin RI

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Large-bodied zooplankton of the genus Daphnia are thought to be keystone species in freshwater pelagic habitats, potentially able to exert strong grazing effects and enhance phosphorus limitation of algae. I examined the degree to which Daphnia pulex differ from small-bodied zooplankton in their effects on algal bioma...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Steiner CF

更新日期：2002-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Enemy release often is invoked to explain the success of invasive plants: an invader benefits from reduced attack as it escapes specialized enemies through the invasion process. Enemy release typically is thought of as occurring at large geographic scales, but local-scale interactions may also be important for invader...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Nunes KA,Kotanen PM

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:European data from 15 long-term censuses of breeding land bird communities were analysed in order to measure community stability. Stability was here operationally defined as year-to-year persistence of community structure (total density, number of species, diversity, evenness of the species-abundance distribution, spe...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Järvinen O

更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using data from three fires in northeastern Spain, we tested a condition necessary to support the idea that fire has been a factor in the evolution of the resprouting habit: populations of all resprouting species within a community should show high levels of genet survival after fires and show a low coefficient of var...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： López-Soria L,Castell C

更新日期：1992-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Snail hosts of different ages constitute different resource environments for larval trematodes because each individual has a particular energy budget and energy allocation pattern at the time of infection. Effects of monomiracidial trematode infections on shell growth, body dry weight and reproductive effort of the sn...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Gérard C,Théron A

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We assessed the performance of two estimators of species richness, the Chao2 and the Coleman 'random placement curve'. Using a dataset of intertidal fish from the Norwegian Skagerrak coast, we found that Chao2 was effective for low sampling intensity, often reaching asymptotic values for few samples, but for higher sa...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Lekve K,Ellingsen KE,Lingjaerde OC,Gjøsaeter J,Stenseth NC

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To maximize fitness, many animals must trade off their need to forage efficiently against their need to avoid predators. We studied such a trade-off in four species of tits (Paridae) in a forest near Oxford, UK. During winter, tits form flocks which increase feeding efficiency and reduce predation risk. These flocks f...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Walther B,Gosler A

更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Energy budgets explain how organisms allocate energetic intake to accomplish essential processes. A likely life history trade-off occurs between growth and immune response in juvenile organisms, where growth is important to avoid predation or obtain larger prey and immune response is essential to survival in the prese...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Korfel CA,Chamberlain JD,Gifford ME

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ecological systems have naturally high interannual variance in phenology. Component species have presumably evolved to maintain appropriate phenologies under historical climates, but cases of inappropriate phenology can be expected with climate change. Understanding controls on phenology permits predictions of ecologi...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Valtonen A,Ayres MP,Roininen H,Pöyry J,Leinonen R

更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The carabid beetle Nebria brevicollis (F.), despite being macropterous, has a very low flight potential. Only a few percent of the beetles has functional flight muscles, flight motivation is low, and the period favourable for flight is short. The inability to fly is caused mainly by arrested development of the flight ...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Nelemans MN

更新日期：1987-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the mechanisms producing and maintaining discontinuities between patches in mosaics of habitats is necessary to predict changes in patterns of abundance and distribution of species. On temperate rocky reefs, physical and biological disturbance can result in a mosaic of patches of encrusting coralline, tu...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Bulleri F,Benedetti-Cecchi L

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Beaver (Castor canadensis) affect the benthic invertebrate community of small woodland streams in Quebec through habitat modifications. Their activities influence community structure through the replacement of lotic taxa by lentic forms and community function by increasing the absolute importance of collectors and pre...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： McDowell DM,Naiman RJ

更新日期：1986-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The food preferences of Octodon degus are examined in laboratory test. Results indicate that degus prefer new rather than mature leaves of Chilean matorral shrubs, and that degus do not discriminate between new leaves (equivalents of shrub seedlings) of different shrub species. The significance of degus preferences in...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Simonetti JA,Montenegro G

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Disturbances reduce the biota in stream ecosystems, and leave biological legacies, including remnant species, which potentially influence post-disturbance community development but are poorly understood. We investigated whether three remnant species, the snail Radix peregra, the mayfly Serratella ignita and the freshw...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Ledger ME,Harris RM,Milner AM,Armitage PD

更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The theory that early successional plants and annual plants will be less well defended against generalist herbivores than later successional plants and perennial plants, because they avoid herbivores by escaping in space and time, is evaluated. The theory is not supported in the ecosystem examined. The correlation bet...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Otte D

更新日期：1975-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An adaptive explanation for environmental sex determination is that it promotes sexual size dimorphism when larger size benefits one sex more than the other. That is, if growth rates are determined by environment during development, then it is beneficial to match developmental environment to the sex that benefits more...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： St Clair RC

更新日期：1998-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dissolved O(2) is an important aquatic ecosystem health indicator. Metabolic and gas exchange (G) rates, which control O(2) concentration, are affected by nutrient loading and other environmental factors. Traditionally, aquatic metabolism has been reported as primary production:community respiration (P:R) ratios using...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Venkiteswaran JJ,Wassenaar LI,Schiff SL

更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Calorific values for the vegetative tissues of a group of perennial desert and arid woodland plants ranged from 3,191 to 5,375 calories per gram, oven dry weight. These span the range of comparable values reported earlier for plants in other environments, and reflect variety in adaptations to dry environments. Tissues...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Darling MS

更新日期：1976-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vallisneria americana was grown for six weeks in a greenhouse on relatively fertile sediment to test for factors other than nutrient limitation which may slow growth of this submersed macrophyte at pH 5. On the basis of dry mass accumulated, (1) low pH significantly depressed Vallisneria growth at constant free CO2 le...

journal_title：Oecologia

authors： Titus JE,Feldman RS,Grisé D

更新日期：1990-10-01 00:00:00