Abstract:
OBJECTIVES:To determine the degree to which the Safe Community (SC) model is effective in reducing injuries. Although positive results have been reported for some communities in developed countries, there is no consistent relationship between being an international designated SC and subsequent changes in observed rate of injury, and no controlled studies have examined the effectiveness of the SC model in developing countries. The aim of this study was to evaluate and compare the injuries in the SC programme of Kashmar (population 149,358) with injuries in counties in Iran that have not applied the SC model. STUDY DESIGN:Retrospective study using available data from 20 March 2005 to 19 March 2008. METHODS:Data were obtained from the Injury Prevention and Safety Promotion Department of the Disaster and Emergency Management Centre of the Ministry of Health and Medical Education of Iran. These data are collected upon presentation of injured patients to the emergency room. Different types of injuries are evaluated, including motor vehicle injuries (including pedestrians, passengers, drivers and motorcyclists), falls, blows by an object or a person, violence, burns, scorpion and snake bites, electrocution, animal attack, toxicity, suicide and other causes. A control group was selected from all counties in Iran with a population between 100,000 and 200,000. The mean injury rate of these counties was calculated, and counties which had an injury rate within one standard deviation (SD) of the mean rate for all 3 years of the study were included in the control group (n=44 counties). RESULTS:The mean population of the 44 control counties was 142,123 in 2006. The numbers of injuries per 100,000 population in Kashmar were 4654.6 [95% confidence interval (CI) 4584.3-4762.6], 4570.9 (95% CI 4465.5-4678.0) and 4949.2 (95% CI 4839.7-5060.4) in 2005-2006, 2006-2007 and 2007-2008, respectively. At the same time, the mean numbers of injuries per 100,000 population in the 44 control counties were 822.7 (95% CI 815.6-829.8), 1130.0 (95% CI 1121.7-1138.3) and 1245.5 (95% CI 1236.8-1254.2). The injury-related fatality rate in the emergency room was 57.6, 52.9 and 44.2 per 100,000 population in Kashmar and 12.2, 13.0 and 11.9 per 100,000 population in the control counties in the three study years. Although a comparison of the fatality rate between the first and third years of the study shows a decrease of 13.4 per 100,000 population in Kashmar, this was not significant (P=0.1056). In the 44 control counties, the injury-related fatality rate decreased by 0.3 per 100,000 population between the first and third years of the study. The difference between the decrease in injury-related fatality rate in Kashmar (13.4 per 100,000 population) and the 44 control counties (0.3 per 100,000 population) was significant (P<0.0001). CONCLUSION:The controlled evaluation of injury in the international SC of Kashmar showed an increase in the number and rate of injuries in Kashmar and in the 44 control counties over 3 years, but the injury-related fatality rate decreased over the same time period. A greater decrease was seen in Kashmar than in the control counties. Long-term evaluation is necessary to confirm these results.
journal_name
Public Healthjournal_title
Public healthauthors
Rahimi-Movaghar Vdoi
10.1016/j.puhe.2010.02.014subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-04-01 00:00:00pages
190-7issue
4eissn
0033-3506issn
1476-5616pii
S0033-3506(10)00050-8journal_volume
124pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
PUBLIC HEALTH文献大全abstract:OBJECTIVES:Child neglect is a major public health problem. It is the most frequently reported and substantiated form of maltreatment in youth protective services, and its effects are the most harmful to children. Yet, very few studies have documented its extent and risk factors in the general population. This study aim...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2016.03.018
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Findings regarding the benefits of fruit and vegetables (FV) on weight control are inconsistent and little is known among Chinese populations. Therefore, we examined the relationship between change in FV consumption, weight, and change in body mass index (BMI) among Chinese adults, participants of the China ...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2018.01.027
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The swift identification of outbreaks of infection is essential for effective control in the population. One of the functions of surveillance is to detect outbreaks but it could be argued that this is one of the weaker aspects of routine surveillance at present. This paper describes a technique which might meet this s...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0033-3506(97)00044-9
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::For some conditions hospital admission is mandatory. This should lead to low variability in admission rates and no effect on admission rate of distance from hospital. If admission is discretionary, we would expect high variability in small area admission rates, and a decline in admission rate as travel time to hospita...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The introduction of measles, mumps and rubella vaccine (MMR) into the United Kingdom childhood immunisation schedule has resulted in a substantial reduction in the incidence of all three diseases. None the less, there have recently been outbreaks of measles in parts of the country which have a record of high MMR uptak...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0033-3506(05)80489-5
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Modern slavery is a human rights violation and a global public health concern. To date, criminal justice approaches have dominated attempts to address it. Modern slavery has severe consequences for people's mental and physical health, and there is a pressing need to identify and implement effective preventat...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2019.10.018
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The study identifies the prevalence of common mental disorders according to the patient health questionnaire (PHQ) and the use of psychotropic substances in a sample of currently enrolled medical students. STUDY DESIGN:A cross-sectional survey with a self-administrated questionnaire. METHODS:All newly enro...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2015.12.014
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Since Scottish devolution in 1999, successive governments have accorded priority to reducing health inequality and increasing economic growth. The Scottish Nationalist Party Government elected in 2007 and re-elected in 2011 has accorded considerable attention and allocated substantial resources to addressing...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2013.04.019
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The objectives of this study were to determine the prevalence of bullying among adolescents studying in Jerusalem schools and to identify the characteristics of its victims and perpetrators. Pupils in the 8th and 10th grade (ages 14-16 y) in 11 schools in Jerusalem (n=1182) anonymously completed the World Health Organ...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ph.1900843
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Tobacco use is among the most significant public health issues faced by the world today. It is estimated that approximately 5500 adolescents start using tobacco every day in India, adding to the four million youths aged <15 years who are already regular users. School-based smoking prevention programmes have ...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2014.11.010
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of beta-thalassaemia in different subcastes of the Indian Sindhi population who, in general, have a high prevalence of this disease. STUDY DESIGN:A two-phase, community-based survey. METHODS:Asymptomatic, Sindhi volunteers from Nagpur, central India, were recruited into the presen...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2006.10.017
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To explore some of the strengths and weaknesses of purely quantitative approaches used in health impact assessment (HIA) and the implication of this for policy making. STUDY DESIGN:The studies presented generally used a variety of quantitative risk assessment (QRA) methodologies. METHODS:For each populatio...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2009.02.008
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess women's knowledge and attitude toward Ethiopian current abortion law. STUDY DESIGN:A quantitative, community-based cross-sectional survey. METHODS:Women of reproductive age in three selected lower districts in Bahir Dar, North-West Ethiopia, were included. Multi-stage simple random sampling and si...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2017.03.020
更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:China is in the midst of the nutrition transition with increasing rates of obesity and dietary changes. One contributor is the increase in fast food chains within the country. The purpose of this study was to develop a theory-based instrument that explores influencing factors of fast food consumption in adol...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2016.03.019
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The incidence of multiple sclerosis (MS) is not well known in Iran. This study was conducted to estimate the trends in annual MS incidence in Iran from March 21, 2010, to March 20, 2016. STUDY DESIGN:Longitudinal study. METHODS:In this longitudinal study, data for all MS patients fulfilling McDonald criter...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2019.07.013
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Allegations of serious failures in infection control practice were made against a dentist practicing in the South West of England. The dentist (who tested negative for Blood Borne Viruses (BBVs)) was immediately suspended. METHODS:Because inadequate infection control presents a potential risk of transmittin...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2013.04.029
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Families are a transmission route for severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) because of the close contact. Monitoring of the viral load will be a valuable method to reduce the optimal number of quarantine days, especially in presymptomatic and symptomatic carriers of their households. T...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2020.05.043
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Healthcare systems in developed countries may differ in financing and organisation. Maternity services and delivery are particularly influenced by culture and habits. In this study, we compared the pregnancy care quality and efficiency of the German, French and Japanese healthcare systems. STUDY DESIGN:Comp...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2018.03.028
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Climate change influences human health in various ways, and quantitative assessments of the effect of climate change on health at national level are becoming essential for environmental health management. STUDY DESIGN:This study quantified the burden of disease attributable to climate change in Korea using ...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2014.06.008
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To examine the extent of socio-economic inequalities in health in the London Borough of Newham and to compare them with those in the UK as a whole. STUDY DESIGN:Cross-sectional, individual-level observational study with data on socio-economic and health measures from wave one of the Newham Household Panel S...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2006.12.015
更新日期:2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Elective hip replacement is a common procedure for elderly people with osteoarthrosis. With more elderly people in the future, the demand for hip replacements will increase and put additional constraints on hospital services. The objective was to explore the future need for hip replacements and related costs...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2019.10.013
更新日期:2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Preterm birth is defined as birth before 37 completed weeks gestation, and it is estimated that each day, across the world over 41,000 infants are born before this gestational age. The risk of adverse consequences declines with increasing gestational age. While this paper focuses on the consequences of preterm birth, ...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2014.03.010
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The prevalence of night-eating syndrome (NES) and depression is increasing worldwide. Although nurses, in particular, are exposed to work in an environment of irregular eating, shift work, and stressful settings, limited research exist. In fact, the prevalence of NES among Korean nurses has never been report...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2016.08.018
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The objective of the study was to estimate associations between health locus of control (HLC) and mortality. STUDY DESIGN & METHODS:The public health survey in Scania 2008 was linked to the Swedish cause of death register. In this study of 10,757 men and 12,322 women aged 18-80 years, 421 men and 235 women ...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2020.05.005
更新日期:2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To critically review, appraise and evaluate quality of evidence on HIV disclosure among people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) in Nigeria, and to identify a possible gap in knowledge on HIV/AIDS and disclosure. STUDY DESIGN:A systematic review using narrative synthesis and meta-analysis. METHODS:MedLine, Psyc...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2016.02.021
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perceived and normative dental needs were assessed for people of pre-retirement (55-64 years) and retirement age (65-74 years) in Camberwell, London, using a postal questionnaire and dental examination. Of the pre-retirement group, 77% were dentate compared with 65% in the older cohort. The younger age-group were more...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0033-3506(94)80098-7
更新日期:1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY DESIGN:A cross-sectional study was conducted in all states of Malaysia to determine the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension. A stratified two-stage cluster sampling design with proportional allocation was used. METHODS:Trained nurses obtained two blood pressure measurements from each sub...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2007.05.008
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The main objective of this study was to investigate the association between alcohol consumption (use and bingeing) and the desire to own a firearm for protection. STUDY DESIGN:We used data from three random cross-sectional victimisation surveys conducted in São Paulo city, Brazil, in 2003, 2008 and 2013 with...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2019.09.001
更新日期:2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study investigated the feasibility of obtaining transient evoked otoacoustic emissions for hearing screening purposes from infants and children at seven child health clinics. Factors affecting the outcomes of the community hearing screening program were examined. The subject group comprised 2305 children aged two...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/sj.ph.1900452
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Childhood mortality is a stubborn problem and remains highest in Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Existing research on childhood mortality in SSA indicate that most of the childhood deaths are from preventable causes such as diarrhoea, pneumonia, measles, malaria, HIV and underlying malnutrition, acute respiratory ...
journal_title:Public health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2016.01.017
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00