Abstract：
BACKGROUND:Autoimmune encephalitis (AE) is a rare but debilitating neurological disease where the body develops antibodies against neuronal cell surface/synaptic proteins. Rituximab is an anti-CD20 chimeric monoclonal antibody which shows promise in AE treatment observational studies. To our knowledge, there has been no previous meta-analysis providing robust evidence on the effectiveness and safety of rituximab as second-line therapy for the treatment for AE. METHODS:This study was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic review and Meta-Analysis) statement. Investigators independently searched PubMed, Web of Science, Google Scholar, WANFANG, CNKI, and J-STAGE for studies. Meta-analysis via representative forest plots was conducted for good functional outcome (mRS ≤ 2), proportion of relapse, and mRS score change pre- and post-treatment. RESULTS:Good functional outcome at last follow-up following rituximab therapy occurred in 72.2% of patients (95% CI: 66.3%-77.4%). Mean mRS score decreased by 2.67 (95% CI: 2.04-3.3; P < .001). Relapses following the rituximab therapy occurred in only 14.2% of patients (95% CI: 9.5%-20.8%). Infusion related reactions, pneumonia, and severe sepsis were seen in 29 (15.7%), 11 (6.0%), and two patients (1.1%), respectively. The efficacy and side effect profile of rituximab are comparable to outcomes seen in rituximab use in other autoimmune and inflammatory CNS disease. CONCLUSION:Our meta-analysis showed that rituximab is an effective second-line agent for AE with an acceptable toxicity profile.
journal_name
Acta Neurol Scandjournal_title
Acta neurologica Scandinavicaauthors
Nepal G,Shing YK,Yadav JK,Rehrig JH,Ojha R,Huang DY,Gajurel BPdoi
10.1111/ane.13291subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-11-01 00:00:00pages
449-459issue
5eissn
0001-6314issn
1600-0404journal_volume
142pub_type
杂志文章,meta分析,评审abstract：:The composition of the free amino acid pools in various brain tumors and in normal brains obtained at surgery or at autopsy is determined with an automatic amino acid analyzer and the results statistically evaluated. The tumors have lower ratios of GABA in the pools than the normal brain; tumors with higher GABA ratio...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1979.tb02985.x
更新日期：1979-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Our purpose was to identify the incidence and significance of markers of systemic connective tissue abnormalities (CTA) in patients with saccular intracranial aneurysms (SIA). MATERIALS AND METHODS:This prospective case-control study included 199 consecutive patients with SIA (103 women and 96 men, mean age...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ane.12088
更新日期：2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The cerebral blood flow is low in primary polycythaemia, and it has been suggested that this is due to the increase in viscosity which accompanies the elevated haematocrit. In the present study cerebral blood flow has been measured by a non-invasive 133Xenon technique in six subjects with an elevated haematocrit secon...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1980.tb01485.x
更新日期：1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The present study focused on human leukocyte antigen (HLA) DQB1, DQA1 and DRB1 allelic variation according to ethnicity and analyzed whether susceptibility to multiple sclerosis (MS) depends on population characteristics. METHODS:Eighty-eight healthy African-Brazilians and 92 healthy white Brazilians living ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2006.00750.x
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:From December 1976 through March 1982, 188 patients entered an open non-random study carried out on hospitalized patients with a history of transient ischemic attacks or amaurosis fugax. Ninety-two patients received peroral anticoagulants usually combined with heparin treatment during the first days of treatment, and ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1985.tb03232.x
更新日期：1985-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Myotonic dystrophy type 1 (DM1) is caused by large expansions of cytosine-thymine-guanine (CTG)-repeats in myotonic dystrophy protein kinase (DMPK)-gene. This gene is highly polymorphic in healthy individuals. It has been proposed that expanded alleles originated from the group of large sized normal alleles....
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1034/j.1600-0404.2002.00006.x
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Decompressive craniectomy is a neurosurgical technique in which a portion of the skull is removed to reduce intracranial pressure. The rationale for this procedure is based on the Monro-Kellie Doctrine; expanding the physical space confining edematous brain tissue after traumatic brain injury will reduce intracranial ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2010.01397.x
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The main metabolites of the neurotransmitters noradrenaline, dopamine, and serotonin, methoxy-hydroxyphenylglycol (MHPG), homovanillic acid (HVA), and 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (5HIAA) respectively, were estimated by HPLC with electrochemical detection in CSF samples from 24 patients in coma after head injury, 1 to 1...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb05064.x
更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:One of recent interesting hypotheses of transient global amnesia (TGA) pathophysiology is the preexisting vulnerability of the memory network in patients with TGA. AIM OF THE STUDY:To verify the hypothesis that patients with recurrent amnestic attacks may have more disrupted structural connectivity than pat...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ane.12518
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To clarify the optimum trace count for jitter calculation. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Single-fiber electromyography was performed during voluntary contraction (VC-SFEMG) of extensor digitorum muscle in six healthy and five myasthenic subjects. Twenty single-fiber action potential (SFAP) pairs were recorded from e...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1034/j.1600-0404.2003.00120.x
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection, but the relationship between the virus and the disease is not clear. As many different types of EBV exist, it is possible that MS is caused by one particular type of EBV. Objectives - The aim of this study was to determine whether...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2007.00917.x
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) have a higher risk of cognitive impairment than age-matched controls. Only a few small studies (11-18 subjects per group) have directly compared the cognitive profile of these conditions. Our aim was to compare the cognitive profile of patients...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ane.12752
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate changes and regional variations in annual incidence rates of aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) in Norway between 1999 and 2007. METHODS:The authors retrospectively reviewed data from the Norwegian Patient Register for the period 1999-2007. RESULTS:Crude incidence of aneurysmal SAH was ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2010.01336.x
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To measure clinical and immunological parameters in a patient with myasthenia gravis (MG) treated with antibodies against CD25 (basiliximab, Simulect). Patient and methods - Injections of basiliximab were given repeatedly together with cyclosporin A and corticosteroids for 9 months to a patient with severe M...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2007.00919.x
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the treatment with valproic acid (VPA) in patients with status epilepticus (SE) or acute repetitive seizures (ARS) comparing it with phenytoin (PHT) treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS:Patients with SE or ARS were treated in a consecutive manner with either VPA or PH...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2008.01097.x
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of the alpha-adrenergic blocking agent thymoxamine by intravenous administration was studied in 25 patients with spastic paraplegia and uninhibited neurogenic bladder. By cystometry a shift to the right of the first desire to void, the threshold of the first uninhibited contraction and a reduction of the pr...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1980.tb01472.x
更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a double-blind cross-over trial with placebo, FPL 57787, a chromone derivate, was tested on 15 patients as a prophylactic against migraine. There was found to be no effect. ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1979.tb02923.x
更新日期：1979-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous studies have shown that white matter lesions (WMLs) is an important risk factor for cognitive impairment, but the underlying mechanisms have not been clarified. OBJECTIVE:We tested the hypothesis that the cognitive impairments associated with periventricular white matter hyperintensities (PWMHs) on...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ane.12262
更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:We investigated executive function in Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, and focused on executive dysfunction in PD with hallucinations, but without dementia. METHODS:PD patients were classified by cognitive or neuropsychotic status as PD group, PD with vivid dreaming group, PD with hallucinations group and ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2007.00933.x
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of seizures on synthesis of the polyadenylic acid (poly(A]-containing messenger RNA (mRNA) isolated from brain polysomes in a genetically seizure-susceptible E1 mouse was studied in vivo. The seizure in the E1 mice was induced by tossed-up stimulation. Immediately after the seizure ceased, the labeled oroti...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1989.tb03888.x
更新日期：1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:We used an electrical conditioning stimulation followed by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to facilitate the occurrence of long latency potentials (LLPs) in order to study the relationship between primary motor evoked potentials (MEPs) and LLPs in the lower limbs. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The study gro...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1998.tb07323.x
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sympathetic denervation of the brain vessels was performed uni- or bilaterally in 13 adult rabbits, and cortical cold lesions were induced bilaterally 10-18 days afterwards. After a further 4-35 days the vascular and morphological changes in the lesion areas were studied histologically and with angiography. No differe...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1976.tb04801.x
更新日期：1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We tested the validity of a self-administered version of the minimal record of disability (MRD) for multiple sclerosis (MS) by measuring the agreement level between patients' self-assessment and neurologists' independent ratings. 96 MS patients and 4 neurologists took part in the experiment; the agreement level was me...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1993.tb04073.x
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Brain perfusion was studied interictally with 99mTc-HM-PAO SPECT in 47 adult patients with partial epilepsy and normal brain CT. Epilepsy was classified as secondarily generalized in 24 patients, as complex partial in 17 patients and as simple partial in 6 patients. In 24 patients good seizure control was not achieved...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1992.tb05486.x
更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Presence of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) as a predictor for Parkinson's disease dementia (PDD) has been discussed from a clinical perspective. Recently, a Movement Disorder Society (MDS) commissioned Task Force published guidelines for PD-MCI. However, long-term follow-ups of the PD-MCI guidelines for the...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ane.12375
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To explore adherence, persistence, and treatment patterns in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) in Finland treated with disease-modifying therapies (DMTs) for active MS in 2005-2018. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The study cohort was identified using the Drug Prescription Register of Social Insurance Institute, ...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ane.13301
更新日期：2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurotropin was found to reduce brain oedema in an experimental model of brain infarction in the guinea-pig. A randomized double-blind controlled trial with Neurotropin was performed in 220 patients admitted within 24 h after an acute ischemic stroke. 35 of the neurotropin and 41 of the placebo-randomized patients had...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1994.tb02643.x
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Strokes represent the most common etiology of epilepsy in patients over the age of 60 years, with an incidence of 2-4% occurring in different studies. MATERIALS AND METHODS:In this observational study, 1,428 patients were included who had stroke and were admitted to our Stroke Unit between the years 1996 an...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.2006.00642.x
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The epidemiology, diagnosis, and treatment of motor neuron disease (MND) in Chinese patients are ill known. METHODS:A registered study of 461 MND patients was conducted across 10 facilities in 7 Chinese cities from February 2009 to March 2010. RESULTS:Patients were classified as amyotrophic lateral scleros...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1111/ane.12240
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The objective of this study was to describe facial myokymia in experimental animals accompanying kainic acid affects on facial motor neurons. MATERIAL & METHODS:Anesthetized cats were injected with kainic acid into the pons adjacent to the facial nucleus. Facial movements appeared shortly after the inject...
journal_title：Acta neurologica Scandinavica
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1600-0404.1997.tb00062.x
更新日期：1997-01-01 00:00:00
