Abstract:
:Phthalate exposure is ubiquitous and may affect child and adolescent health through both in utero exposure and direct exposure during childhood. Variability in exposure within women is not well documented. We analyzed 90 first-morning urine samples collected by ten reproductive-age women for phthalate metabolites and creatinine. Monoethyl [122 ng/mL (geometric mean concentration = 139 microg/g creatinine)], monobutyl [85.4 ng/mL (97.0 microg/g creatinine)], monobenzyl [37.2 ng/mL (42.2 microg/g creatinine)], and mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate [9.4 ng/mL (10.7 microg/g creatinine)] were detected in most (94.4%) samples. The concentrations ranged from 23.8-1090 ng/mL, 43-437 ng/mL, 12.4-186 ng/mL, and 1.3-31.1 ng/mL, respectively. We observed considerable variation in phthalate concentrations by day for individual women. The intraclass correlation coefficient, indicating the proportion of variance explained by differences between subjects, ranged from 0.40 (monobutyl) to 0.68 (monoethyl). Monobenzyl and monoethyl phthalates showed higher levels on weekends as compared with weekdays (p = .01 for both). We found no significant difference between monoester levels from different menstrual cycles. Phthalate concentrations vary considerably for an individual and may require multiple samples for accurate assessment
journal_name
Rev Environ Healthjournal_title
Reviews on environmental healthauthors
Marcus M,Christensen KY,Manatunga A,Rudra CB,Brock JW,Small CMdoi
10.1515/reveh.2010.25.4.359subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-10-01 00:00:00pages
359-68issue
4eissn
0048-7554issn
2191-0308journal_volume
25pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Nickel is a contact allergen causing Type I and Type IV hypersensitivity, mediated by reagins and allergen-specific T lymphocytes, expressing in a wide range of cutaneous eruptions following dermal or systemic exposure. As such, nickel is the most frequent cause of hypersensitivity, occupational as well as among the g...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.2006.21.4.253
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The overall project objective at the Iron King Mine Superfund site is to determine the level and potential risk associated with heavy metal exposure of the proximate population emanating from the site's tailings pile. To provide sufficient size-fractioned dust for multi-discipline research studies, a dust generator wa...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2015-0061
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Our theoretical model describes the potential influence of irradiation with pulse-modulated microwaves on the conformational oscillations of enzymes in living organisms. Certain values of pulse-repetition time, determined by the period of conformational oscillations of the corresponding type of enzyme, can produce the...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh.1996.11.1-2.85
更新日期:1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methyl parathion (MP), a toxic organophosphate insecticide approved for outdoor use only, is classified by the World Health Organization (WHO) as a Category Ia (extremely toxic) and by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) as a Toxicity Category I (most toxic) insecticide. In several U.S. states...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.2006.21.1.57
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Over the past decades, the use of common sources of electromagnetic fields such as Wi-Fi routers and mobile phones has been increased enormously all over the world. There is ongoing concern that exposure to electromagnetic fields can lead to adverse health effects. It has recently been shown that even low doses of mer...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh-2015-0017
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The indoor environment is a major source of human exposure to pollutants. Some pollutants can have concentrations that are several times higher indoors than outdoors. Prolonged exposure may lead to adverse biologic effects, even at low concentrations. Several studies done in Malaysia had underlined the role of indoor ...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh-2014-0065
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A number of serious environmental health hazards created by under-regulated/unregulated industries have morphed into public health crises around the world. The Conference on Corporate Interference with Science and Health (the Conference) was held to examine this trend in three economically significant industries: frac...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2013-0990
更新日期:2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We review the methodology used in the analysis of time-series studies of ambient air pollution. Our focus is on mortality studies, in which daily counts of death are correlated with changes in air pollution. We first illustrate the methods by showing data from the 1950s, during which the effects of air pollution were ...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.2003.18.4.269
更新日期:2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Due to rapid urbanization, solid waste management (SWM) has become a significant issue in several developing countries including Thailand. Policies implemented by the Central Thai Government to manage SWM issues have had only limited success. This article reviews current municipal waste management plans in Thailand an...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh-2016-0061
更新日期:2017-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::Pesticide-induced oxidative stress as a possible mechanism of toxicity has been a focus of toxicological research for the last decade. Yet for certain pesticides, mechanisms leading to oxidative stress are only partly understood. Pesticide-induced oxidative stress is the final manifestation of a multi-step pathway, re...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.2001.16.1.1
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Polybrominated diphenyl ethers (PBDEs) are a class of synthetic halogenated organic compounds used in commercial and household products, such as textiles, furniture, and electronics, to increase their flame ignition resistance and to meet fire safety standards. The demonstrated persistence, bioaccumulation, and toxic ...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.2009.24.3.157
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental exposures are changing dramatically in location, intensity, and frequency. Many developing countries are undergoing a transition in which they face the double burden of infectious diseases as well as chronic diseases. Noncommunicable diseases have emerged as the leading cause of death and disability in d...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2015-0049
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Population explosion, to the tune of -7.2 billion, along with excessive use of natural resources and a variety of anthropogenic activities, has resulted in large-scale contamination of the environment, especially the soil and groundwater.Contamination in the environment is an ever-increasing phenomenon, and often, reg...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh-2012-0028
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abstract Water is an ubiquitous irritant that exerts its irritancy through different mechanisms. Water passage and optimal water content is a highly controlled process of human skin and changes in the water gradient may lead to skin diseases. The pH, osmolarity, and temperature of water can all be attributes of water ...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh-2014-0047
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Geographic patterns of poor health and mortality risk are found in most countries. Important health effects at the neighborhood level are mortality, general health, illness and disabilities, mental health, and healthcare utilization. Awareness of the influence of social class on health has been growing during the last...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The potential impacts of coal mining on health have been addressed by the application of impact assessment methodologies that use the results of qualitative and quantitative analyses to support their conclusions and recommendations. Although human epidemiological analyses can provide the most relevant measures of risk...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2019-0033
更新日期:2019-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::Many alternative shift schedules "compress" the working week into a smaller number of days by adding more work hours per day. The assessment of such work schedules needs to take into consideration the advantages and disadvantages of this style of work on workers' health and well-being. The aim of the present study was...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh.1994.10.1.67
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lead exposure is associated with impaired neurodevelopment among children. House dust is recognized as one of the important secondary sources of lead exposure in children. We assessed the relationship between lead contamination in house dust and blood lead level in Pakistani children. We investigated lead contaminatio...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2020-0020
更新日期:2020-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::121 workers who were exposed to RFR (< 30 MHz) over one year were examined. They were divided into two groups: one group was exposed to high electric field intensity (> or = 100 V/m), another to low intensity (< 100 V/m) and both groups were compared to control subjects. No significant changes in the functioning of th...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Surveillance systems to inform controls for waterborne disease (WBD) are important for the protection of public health. Member States of the European Union (EU) will soon be required to implement Directives and the Protocol on Water and Health for controlling WBD. The investigation reported here considers the consiste...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh.2002.17.2.149
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Housing issues are of fundamental importance to the health and independence of older people in Britain, but this concept is not reflected in planning for health, housing, or community care. An analysis of community care plans and public health reports reflects how little attention the majority give either to the impor...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.2000.15.1-2.149
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The UN General Assembly has just adopted the post 2015 Sustainable Development Agenda articulated in the 17 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Achieving the SDGs will be furthered by the closer integration of the climate change adaptation (CCA) and disaster risk reduction (DRR) agendas. Gender provides us a valuabl...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2015-0077
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey of 50 Hz electric and magnetic fields in the electric power industry has distinguished differences in exposure among the employees making it possible to compare health effects as a function of exposure. The workers that were most exposed to electric and magnetic fields were linemen and substation personnel wh...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh.1994.10.2.117
更新日期:1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::1,4-Dichlorobenzene (1,4-DCB) is a wide-spread environmental contaminant and well-described hepatotoxicant for rats and mice. The prolonged oral or inhalation exposure to 1,4-DCB is associated with an increased frequency of hepatic tumors in mice, but not in rats. Evidence is lacking of direct genotoxicity with 1,4-DC...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.2002.17.4.279
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Phytoremediation is the direct use of living green plants to degrade, contain, or render harmless various environmental contaminants, including recalcitrant organic compounds or heavy metals. The methods involved include phytoextraction, direct phytodegradation, rhizofiltration, phytovolatilization or formation of art...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The presence of legacy pollutants, on-going chemical manufacturing activities, and population shifts have introduced complex, cumulative exposure risks to residents of many highly industrialized communities. These "industrial corridors" present unique challenges to environmental health science professionals, public an...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh-2019-0022
更新日期:2019-09-25 00:00:00
abstract::Cytostatic anticancer drugs are known as carcinogenic, mutagenic, and teratogenic risk factors for health care workers who are occupationally exposed during the preparation and administration of such drugs. During the last 20 years, several researchers have developed and validated methods to monitor occupational expos...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.1997.12.1.43
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The public health leadership and management of lead exposure in a lead mining and smelting community in Mount Isa is an ongoing issue. There exists deficiencies in public health and environmental legal frameworks that regulate lead exposure and management in Mount Isa, Queensland. Although some positive practical meas...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh-2015-0011
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to extremely low frequency magnetic fields (ELF-MF) and electric shocks occurs in many workplaces and occupations but it is unclear whether any of these exposures cause Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to explore whether occupational exposure to ELF-M...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1515/reveh-2020-0041
更新日期:2020-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::Lead, a systemic toxicant affecting virtually every organ system, primarily affects the central nervous system, particularly the developing brain. Consequently, children are at a greater risk than adults of suffering from the neurotoxic effects of lead. To date, no safe lead-exposure threshold has been identified. The...
journal_title:Reviews on environmental health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1515/reveh.2009.24.1.15
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00