L-carnitine is an osmotic agent suitable for peritoneal dialysis.

abstract：BACKGROUND:Idiopathic nephrotic syndrome is a proteinuric disease secondary to the release of a nonidentified circulating glomerular permeability factor by T cells. Because specificities of T-cell activation in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome remain unknown, we evaluated transcriptional activation of T cells in nephrotic...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Mansour H,Cheval L,Elalouf JM,Aude JC,Alyanakian MA,Mougenot B,Doucet A,Deschênes G

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polycystic renal disease was induced in rats by feeding 2-amino-4,5-diphenylthiazole. Tubular (TBM) and glomerular basement membranes (GBM) were purified and analyzed for possible structural changes that may be a factor in the development of the tubular dilations and cysts. Changes in the relative quantities of TBM po...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Butkowski RJ,Carone FA,Grantham JJ,Hudson BG

更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have developed an immunological procedure for measuring advanced glycosylation end-products (AGEs) in serum. Using this method, we measured AGEs in healthy volunteers, patients with diabetes, renal failure without treatment and in patients with renal failure, treated with hemodialysis (HD) or continuous ambulatory ...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Papanastasiou P,Grass L,Rodela H,Patrikarea A,Oreopoulos D,Diamandis EP

更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Heparins are currently the anticoagulants of choice in long-term hemodialysis (HD). Because of their shortcomings, including the increasing incidence of heparin-induced thrombocytopenia (HIT II), alternative anticoagulation is necessary. The study objectives were to provide safe and effective HD by investiga...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Pöschel KA,Bucha E,Esslinger HU,Ulbricht K,Nörtersheuser P,Stein G,Nowak G

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although much emphasis has been placed on screening for albuminuria in type II diabetic patients, less attention has been focused on the role of glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in the assessment of risk. Herein, we examined the association between GFR and vascular complications in a consecutive cohort of 5174 type II...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Kong AP,So WY,Szeto CC,Chan NN,Luk A,Ma RC,Ozaki R,Ng VW,Ho CS,Lam CW,Chow CC,Cockram CS,Chan JC,Tong PC

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hypercholesterolemia may affect both endothelial function and arterial distensibility (DC). Renal transplant recipients (NTX) exhibit advanced structural and functional alterations of arterial vessel walls. The aim of this double-blind, randomized trial was to evaluate the effects of fluvastatin (FLU) on bra...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Hausberg M,Kosch M,Stam F,Heidenreich S,Kisters K,Rahn KH,Barenbrock M

更新日期：2001-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:An imbalance between protein load and folding capacity is referred to as endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. As a defense mechanism, cells express ER stress inducible chaperons, such as oxygen-regulated proteins 150 (ORP150) and glucose-regulated proteins (GRPs). While ER stress is important in various diseas...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Inagi R,Nangaku M,Onogi H,Ueyama H,Kitao Y,Nakazato K,Ogawa S,Kurokawa K,Couser WG,Miyata T

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monoclonal antibodies (mAb) reactive against complement components involved in the classical activation pathway were applied in an indirect immunoperoxidase technique for the histological study of normal and diseased human renal tissues. Prominent staining with antibodies against the C4d fragment was seen in all glome...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Zwirner J,Felber E,Herzog V,Riethmüller G,Feucht HE

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The feasibility of simultaneously infusing glucose and amino acid (AA)-based peritoneal dialysis solutions was tested to determine whether peritoneal dialysis patients could achieve an adequate nonprotein calorie/nitrogen ratio while preventing a marked increase in blood urea nitrogen (BUN), which is usually...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Canepa A,Carrea A,Menoni S,Verrina E,Trivelli A,Gusmano R,Perfumo F

更新日期：2001-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) family of proteins regulates programmed cell death triggered by various stimuli. The purpose of this investigation was to examine the expression, regulation, and function of IAP genes in cultured rat mesangial cells. METHODS:Basal and inducible expression of c-IAP1, c-IAP2, ...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Furusu A,Nakayama K,Xu Q,Konta T,Sugiyama H,Kitamura M

更新日期：2001-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Growth failure is a cardinal feature of chronic renal failure in children. Administration of recombinant human growth hormone (rhGH) ameliorates this problem but may adversely affect the kidney and hasten the progression to end-stage renal disease. We conducted experiments to examine the impact of rhGH on the severity...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Trachtman H,Futterweit S,Schwob N,Maesaka J,Valderrama E

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transport and metabolism of adenosine were studied in the S1, S2, and S3 segments of the rabbit proximal renal tubule. Isolated segments were perfused in vitro with uniformly labelled 14C-adenosine to measure the lumen-to-bath flux of adenosine. This flux rate was measured by the disappearance of 14C from the luminal ...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Barfuss DW,McCann WP,Katholi RE

更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Glucocorticoids (GC) represent the mainstay of treatment of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) and might be involved in the pathogenesis of the disease. We evaluated basal secretion of cortisol, number and affinity of glucocorticoid receptors, dexamethasone (Dex)-mediated inhibition of concanavalin-A (Con-A...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Carlotti AP,Franco PB,Elias LL,Facincani I,Costa EL,Foss N,Moreira AC,de Castro M

更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The increasing use of mice in renal and cardiovascular studies has necessitated adapting physiological methods used for rats to mice, which are far smaller in size. We have adapted measurements of continuous renal blood flow, pressure natriuresis and diuresis, and laser-Doppler cortical and medullary flow to 40 g mice...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Gross V,Lippoldt A,Luft FC

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Guidelines for treating anemia in dialysis patients accept, as high-end range of serum ferritin useful to optimize erythropoietin therapy, values high as 500 to 900 microg/L, on the hypothesis that ferritin might be not representative of iron overload. METHODS:A superconducting quantum interference device (...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Canavese C,Bergamo D,Ciccone G,Longo F,Fop F,Thea A,Martina G,Piga A

更新日期：2004-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Scavenger receptor A (SR-A) is a key transmembrane receptor in the endocytosis of lipids and contributes to the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. To assess its role in hyperlipidemic chronic kidney disease, wild-type and SR-A-deficient (knockout) mice underwent uninephrectomy followed by either normal or high-fat diet....

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Wang W,He B,Shi W,Liang X,Ma J,Shan Z,Hu Z,Danesh FR

更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of intravenous infusion of angiotensin II on microvascular parameters of the renal microcirculation of rats was studied. With the aid of fluorescence microscopy and a high sensitivity video system we observed the passage of fluorescence-labeled erythrocytes through single glomerular capillaries on the surfa...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Zimmerhackl B,Parekh N,Kücherer H,Steinhausen M

更新日期：1985-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The widths of slit diaphragms in rat glomeruli were quantitatively measured on electron micrographs obtained by the rapid-freezing and freeze-substitution (FS) fixation method and compared to those prepared by conventional chemical fixation procedures, such as tannic acid, glutaraldehyde and osmium tetroxide (TGO) or ...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Furukawa T,Ohno S,Oguchi H,Hora K,Tokunaga S,Furuta S

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Incorporation in vivo of labeled orotate into RNA and total nucleotides was measured in isolated glomeruli and whole renal cortex. In 2-day diabetic animals, glomerular RNA was increased, and there was greater incorporation of orotate into total nucleotides and RNA as compared with controls. Insulin reversed the exagg...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Cortes P,Dumler F,Venkatachalam KK,Goldman J,Sastry KS,Venkatachalam H,Bernstein J,Levin NW

更新日期：1981-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The addition of spironolactone or hydrochlorothiazide enhances the antialbuminuric effect of renin-angiotensin blockers. However, comparative studies on the effect of different diuretics are lacking. We conducted a prospective randomized crossover study to compare the effects of spironolactone (25 mg/day), hydrochloro...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Morales E,Caro J,Gutierrez E,Sevillano A,Auñón P,Fernandez C,Praga M

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Zhang and co-workers report on the renoprotective role of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) in diabetic nephropathy using the method of streptozotocin-induced hyperglycemia in wild-type and VDR(-/-) mice. Also, experiments with cultured mesangial cells and podocytes confirm the effect of the active vitamin D metabolite 1,2...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Klaus G

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Angiotensinase A (aminopeptidase A; ATA) is an angiotensin II splitting exopeptidase, which is localized in endothelial and epithelial cells of the glomerular tuft. In order to investigate the influence of a reduction in renal mass on enzyme activity, ATA activity was measured in isolated rat glomeruli five and 14 wee...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Wolf G,Thaiss F,Scherberich JE,Schoeppe W,Stahl RA

更新日期：1990-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Renal dysfunction is a common and serious complication in multiple myeloma (MM) patients. Renal proximal tubule injury is characteristic in MM, and may result in disturbed renal handling of various vitamins. The abnormal excretion of vitamins in urine may result in their low serum levels. The goal of this study was to...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Gavrilov V,Yermiahu T,Gorodischer R

更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have described a simple technique for the measurement of picomoles or nanomoles of ammonium. Samples can be easily processed on the day of an experiment. analysis of 14C-glutamate can be done at a later date by an accurate sensitive and reliable method. We can readily process 50 samples per day. The sensitivity can...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Cheema-Dhadli S,Hamat R,Sonnenberg H,Halperin M

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to define cut-off values for serum creatinine as an indicator of several levels of renal impairment. METHODS:To identify the suitable values, receiver operating characteristic curves were constructed based on the data of 984 laboratory assessments of renal function. The glomerular ...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Couchoud C,Pozet N,Labeeuw M,Pouteil-Noble C

更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibodies to human leukocyte antigens (HLAs) are a risk factor for acute renal allograft rejection and loss. The role of non-HLAs and their significance to allograft rejection have gained recent attention. Here, we applied protein microarray technology, with the capacity to simultaneously identify 5056 potential anti...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Sutherland SM,Li L,Sigdel TK,Wadia PP,Miklos DB,Butte AJ,Sarwal MM

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Renal inflammation is regulated by a network of local and systemic mediators. Of them, transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta 1) and glucocorticoids play an important role in deactivating monocytes/macrophages. We examined the hypothesis that TGF-beta 1 effects may be partially achieved through modulatio...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Peltier J,Perez J,Bellocq A,Escoubet B,Fouqueray B,Baud L

更新日期：2003-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Autophagy is a conserved multistep pathway that degrades and recycles damaged organelles and macromolecules to maintain intracellular homeostasis. The autophagy pathway is upregulated under stress conditions including cell starvation, hypoxia, nutrient and growth-factor deprivation, endoplasmic reticulum stress, and o...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Kaushal GP,Shah SV

更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibroblasts in parenchymal organs potentially contribute extracellular matrix to local fibrogenic processes. This contribution, in some circumstances, may be initiated by cytokines disseminated from inflammatory lesions. Different populations of fibroblasts, however, might respond distinctively to this cytokine bath d...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Alvarez RJ,Sun MJ,Haverty TP,Iozzo RV,Myers JC,Neilson EG

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The glomerular endothelial cell is a specialized microvascular cell type involved in the regulation of glomerular ultrafiltration. During gram-negative sepsis, glomerulonephritis, and acute renal failure, bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) may cause severe cell dam...

journal_title：Kidney international

authors： Messmer UK,Briner VA,Pfeilschifter J

更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00