Abstract:
:Toxoplasma gondii takes two different life cycle stages within intermediate hosts including humans. Tachyzoites proliferate during the acute stage, and they transform into cysts to establish a chronic infection preferentially in the brain. IFN-γ production by infiltrated CD4+ and CD8+ T cells is required for the prevention of cerebral tachyzoite growth. IFN-γ production by brain-resident cells, most likely microglia, plays a key first line defense role to facilitate both innate and T cell-mediated protective immunity to control the tachyzoite growth. IFN-γ produced by brain-resident cells activates cerebral expression of IFN-dependent effector molecules to suppress tachyzoite growth during the early stage of infection. Their IFN-γ production also induces an expression of CXCL9 and CXCL10 chemokines to recruit immune T cells into the brain, and upregulates cerebral expression of MHC class I and II molecules for antigen presentation to the recruited T cells to activate their IFN-γ production. CD8+ T cells also have the activity to remove T. gondii cysts from the brains of infected hosts. Of interest, the anti-cyst activity of CD8+ T cells does not require their IFN-γ but does require perforin. Notably, we discovered that CD8+ cytotoxic T cells penetrate in the cysts in a perforin-mediated manner, which induces morphological deterioration and destruction of the cysts and an accumulation of microglia and macrophages for their elimination. Thus, the immune system employs two distinct effector mechanisms mediated by IFN-γ or perforin depending on two different life cycle stages of a single pathogen, T. gondii, to control its cerebral infection.
journal_name
Parasitol Intjournal_title
Parasitology internationalauthors
Suzuki Ydoi
10.1016/j.parint.2019.102030subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-06-01 00:00:00pages
102030eissn
1383-5769issn
1873-0329pii
S1383-5769(19)30381-2journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::We report here the molecular characterization and possible function of a cysteine protease (termed HlCPL-A) identified in the midgut of the hard tick Haemaphysalis longicornis. HlCPL-A is a 333 amino acid protein belonging to the papain family of the cysteine protease. A construct encoding proHlCPL-A was expressed in ...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2009.05.003
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Extralymphatic filariasis is an uncommon phenomenon that can be caused by several lymphatic filarial species, including zoonotic filaria of animal origins. In this study, we report a case of a 64-year-old Thai woman who presented with a lump in her left breast that was diagnosed with invasive ductal carcinoma. At the ...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2020.102203
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neosporosis caused by Neospora caninum is a serious disease in cattle and dogs worldwide. It is the major cause of abortion and neonatal mortality in cattle. In this study, we evaluated the anti-N. caninum activity of Chinese medicine extracts (curcumin, artemether), herbicides (atrazine, glyphosate), anticoccidiosis ...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2015.08.002
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A strategy to engineer a strain of Culex mosquitoes refractory to filarial transmission is described. A requirement for success of the strategy is identification of a flight muscle-specific promoter that functions in the mosquito. A GFP marker gene under the control of the promoter region of the Drosophila melanogaste...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2004.04.002
更新日期:2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chromosome analyses were performed on three races (alpha, beta, gamma) of Neotricula aperta which were previously reported to show variation in the chromosome number and pairing in meiosis. We used an air-drying method, which was more reliable for chromosome preparations from fresh animal tissues than a squash method....
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1383-5769(00)00053-2
更新日期:2000-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fasciola spp. in Myanmar were characterized on the basis of spermatogenesis status and DNA markers of nuclear internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS1) and mitochondrial NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (nad1). We collected 88 adult flukes from Yangon, Lashio, and Myitkyina. Spermatogenesis status was analyzed by the presence ...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2011.08.007
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some historical remarks are made on the background information leading to the international symposium on taeniasis/cysticercosis and echincoccosis with focus on Asia and the Pacific. ...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2005.11.002
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trophozoites of the free-living amoeba, Naegleria fowleri, were isolated from the cerebrospinal fluid of meningoencephalitis patient. The infecting agent was identified as N. fowleri based on morphologic, serologic and molecular techniques carried out on the isolated organisms. ...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2005.06.001
更新日期:2005-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Except for imported cases, we have had no new Schistosoma japonicum infection in Japan since 1977. But there are still two habitats of the intermediate snail host: Oncomelania nosophora in the previous endemic areas of Kofu Basin and Obitsu. O. nosophora from Kofu Basin and Obitsu are susceptible to Chinese and Philip...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1383-5769(03)00058-8
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of neutrophils in mediating host inflammation was examined in mice vaccinated with living third-stage infective hookworm larvae (L3). Mice were vaccinated by oral immunization with 500 L3 (Ancylostoma caninum) once every 2 weeks for a total of three immunizations. The vaccinated mice were then challenged intr...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1383-5769(01)00081-2
更新日期:2001-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The clinical features of neurocysticercosis (NCC) largely depend on the number, type, size, localization and stage of development of cysticerci, as well as on the host immune response against the parasite. Seizures are widely reported to be the most common symptom, occurring in 70-90% of patients, while NCC is conside...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2005.11.016
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have proposed a mathematical model for the transmission of Plasmodium vivax malaria quantitatively, which is adjusted to the infected region, Guadalcanal, in the Solomon Islands. The simulation of a transmission model will be instrumental in planning the malaria control strategy. A characteristic of the life cycle ...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1383-5769(02)00084-3
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Karyotype and chromosomal characteristics, i.e. number and location of ribosomal DNA (rDNA) clusters, and sequence variation of the ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 2 (ITS2) were studied in a monozoic (unsegmented) tapeworm, Caryophyllaeides fennica (Caryophyllidea), using conventional and Ag-staining, fluorescen...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2010.04.007
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Helminths are able to modulate and suppress the hosts' immune response in order to promote their own survival. This ability to alter immune responses could be of potential detriment to the host if it interferes with the development of protective immune responses against other infections. However, helminth infections h...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2009.02.001
更新日期:2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Granuloma modulation induced by antigen is an attractive model for vaccination studies of experimental schistosomiasis to test the effect of anti-pathology vaccine. We describe here an immunization procedure with culture derived macrophages-pulsed PIII, a known anionic antigen purified from S. mansoni adult worm, invo...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1383-5769(02)00031-4
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the early stage of research on Clonorchis and clonorchiasis, Japanese parasitologists made a tremendous contribution on the elucidation of the life cycle of this parasite and on the epidemiology of the disease. Harujiro Kobayashi first identified cyprinoid fish as the second intermediate hosts for Clonorchis sinens...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2011.06.003
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hemoplasmosis caused by Mycoplasma spp. have been associated with major economic losses in the global dairy production. Hemoplasma studies in the Philippines are limited despite its potential impact. This study mainly aimed to detect the presence of hemoplasma species in dairy water buffaloes and cattle and know their...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2019.02.004
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Henneguya guanduensis was originally described as a gill parasite of the Hoplosternum litoralle, a siluriform fish belonging to the Callichthyidae family. A study was undertaken with 58 specimens of H. litoralle taken from Batalha River in the state of São Paulo. The fish were collected and examined searching for lesi...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2019.01.009
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum is intimately associated with morbidity, mortality and malaria control strategies. It is therefore imperative to study genetic makeup and population structure of this parasite in endemic areas. In Kong Mong Tha, an isolated village in western Thailand, the majority of P. falc...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2013.09.011
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The asexual blood stages of the Plasmodium falciparum parasite are responsible for inducing the clinical symptoms and the most severe presentations of malaria infection that causes frequent mortality and morbidity in tropical and subtropical areas of the world, making the blood stages of infection a key target of new ...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2018.05.012
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The salivary glands of Rhipicephalus sanguineus males at stages: unfed (control), at day seven post-attachment, and at days three and seven post-detachment from the host were examined using methods of enzymatic analysis and cell viability. At these stages of feeding, different staining patterns were observed in the ce...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2008.04.012
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The asexual erythrocytic cycle of the protozoan parasite Plasmodium falciparum is responsible for the pathogenesis of malaria and causes the overwhelming majority of malaria deaths. Rapidly increasing parasitaemia during this 48hour cycle threatens the survival of the human host and the parasite prior to transmission ...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2016.07.007
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two new species of bucephalids (Digenea: Bucephalidae) were found parasitizing freshwater fishes of Argentina. Prosorhynchoides cambapuntaensis sp. n. from Salminus maxillosus (Characidae) is characterised by the tegument covered with two kinds of spines, scale-like spines anteriorly and fine spines posteriorly; uteri...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2004.01.014
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many reports have been published on the suspected vertical transmission of Encephalitozoon cuniculi; however, prior to 2003, these reports were based on circumstantial evidence, such as histopathological, immunohistochemical, or serological diagnosis of the infection. In 2003, vertical transmission of the parasite was...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2019.03.006
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The discovery of new compounds active against Toxoplasma gondii is extremely important due to the severe disease caused by this pathogen in immunocompromised hosts and to congenital infection. Type II fatty acid biosynthesis has shown to be a promising target for drug intervention in toxoplasmosis. Here we describe th...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2009.08.004
更新日期:2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To verify the hypothesis that different pathology of Clonorchis sinensis infection by mouse strains is determined by different responses of cytokines and chemokines, we compared those responses of FVB with those of BALB/c mice. All of FVB mice infected with 30 metacercariae of C. sinensis showed cystic dilatation in t...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2011.07.001
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Adult specimens of Corynosoma australe Johnston, 1937 were recorded from the intestines of California sea lions, Zalophus californianus (Lesson), from Baja California Peninsula, Mexico, whereas larval forms were collected from two fish species on the Argentinian coast. Adult specimens of C. australe were morphological...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2020.102205
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Toxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that infects a wide variety of warm-blooded animals and humans, in which it causes opportunistic disease. As an obligate intracellular parasite, T. gondii must invade a host cell to survive and replicate during infection. Recent studies suggest that T. gondii secretes a variet...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/s1383-5769(98)00042-7
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey was carried out to investigate the occurrence of Sarcocystis infection in the loin (Musculus longissimus) of Japanese and imported beef. In all, the muscle tissue of 482 samples were examined by histological method. The prevalence of Sarcocystis unspecified species cysts was lower in Japanese beef (total 6.31...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s1383-5769(98)00041-5
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The taxonomic framework of Ligophorus, monogenean specialists of the gills of grey mullets (Mugilidae), is evaluated and its interspecific relationships are assessed for the first time using molecular data. The position of Ligophorus within the paraphyletic Ancyrocephalinae is re-assessed based on newly sequenced spec...
journal_title:Parasitology international
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.parint.2012.06.004
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00