Abstract：
:Fluid homeostasis requires adequate water intake, regulated by an intact thirst mechanism and appropriate free water excretion by the kidneys, mediated by appropriate secretion of arginine vasopressin (AVP, also known as antidiuretic hormone). AVP exerts its antidiuretic action by binding to the X chromosome-encoded V2 vasopressin receptor (V2R), a G protein coupled receptor on the basolateral membrane of renal collecting duct epithelial cells. After V2R activation, increased intracellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate mediates shuttling of the water channel aquaporin 2 to the apical membrane of collecting duct cells, resulting in increased water permeability and antidiuresis. Clinical disorders of water balance are common, and abnormalities in many steps involving AVP secretion and responsiveness have been described. This article focuses on the principal disorders of water balance, diabetes insipidus, and the syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion.
journal_name
Pediatr Clin North Amjournal_title
Pediatric clinics of North Americaauthors
Ranadive SA,Rosenthal SMdoi
10.1016/j.pcl.2011.07.013subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2011-10-01 00:00:00pages
1271-80, xi-xiiissue
5eissn
0031-3955issn
1557-8240pii
S0031-3955(11)00099-Xjournal_volume
58pub_type
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