Abstract:
:Most allergens are proteins or glycoproteins that range in molecular weight from 5000 to 100,000 Da, although polysaccharides and low-molecular-weight substances may also be allergenic. Common allergens include pollens, fungal spores, house-dust mites, and animal epithelial materials but can also include drugs, biologic products, and insect venoms. The allergic response is dependent on the route of exposure. If the exposure is to an inhaled aeroallergen, then the allergic response will be respiratory in nature. Ingested or injected exposure gives rise to gastrointestinal, cutaneous, or anaphylactic reactions. The size of the pollen determines the clinical manifestation of allergy. For example, particles between 20 and 60 μm in diameter can be carried by the wind and cause nasal and ocular symptoms (allergic rhinoconjunctivitis). Particles of <7 μm can deposit in the airways and cause symptoms of asthma. Animals produce allergens in forms unique to each species. Cat allergen, most importantly Fel d 1, is buoyant and "sticky," which means it easily remains airborne and may last in a home for up to 6 to 9 months after the source is removed. Cat allergen adheres to clothes and can be found in public places, e.g., schools. Dog allergen, particularly Can f 1, is present in dander, saliva, urine, and serum. All dog breeds produce allergenic proteins (even poodles and "hairless" dogs).
journal_name
Allergy Asthma Procjournal_title
Allergy and asthma proceedingsauthors
Lei DK,Grammer LCdoi
10.2500/aap.2019.40.4247subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-11-01 00:00:00pages
362-365issue
6eissn
1088-5412issn
1539-6304journal_volume
40pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:The effect of allergen avoidance on airway inflammation is similar to that observed with treatment with inhaled steroids, whereas inhaled steroids have no effect on oxidative stress-induced inflammation. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the potential effect of an antioxidant d...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2016.37.3920
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intranasal steroids have been shown to affect ocular symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR). The results of the published literature, however, are not uniform across all products. This study was designed to evaluate whether the effects of fluticasone furoate nasal spray (FFNS) are consistent across different allergy seaso...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2010.31.3397
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several decades ago, the skin was considered to be little more than a simple barrier to dehydration, environmental toxins, and extrinsic bacteria; however, we now recognize that the skin is a complex immune organ that is fully integrated with the immune functions of the bone marrow, lymph nodes, liver, and spleen. Lym...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2500/108854199778251933
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The U.S. Air Force conducts basic military training (BMT) in San Antonio, TX, an area with occasionally adverse air quality. Many individuals from the BMT population are evaluated for asthma symptoms. The relationship of air quality with these symptoms has not been studied in this population. This study examines the c...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To evaluate the relationship between the classification of asthma and obstruction of airways, we have studied 100 children suffering from allergic asthma: 65 males and 35 females, aged 4.2-16.3 years (mean, 7.6 +/- 2.8 years), who were evaluated at least 1 month after the last attack of airway obstruction. We analyzed...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Flunisolide hydrofluoroalkane (HFA) with integrated spacer is the most recent reformulated inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) for asthma available in the United States. It is the only product that combines a corticosteroid extrafine aerosol with a built-in spacer. The potential clinical benefit of the flunisolide HFA formul...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2500/aap.2015.36.3835
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There has been some renewed interest in recent years in disorders of olfaction. Decreased sense of smell can lead to significant impairment of quality of life, including taste disturbance and loss of pleasure from eating with resulting changes in weight and difficulty in avoiding health risks such as spoiled food or l...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2500/aap.2010.31.3357
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) measurement is an important noninvasive tool for evaluating eosinophilic inflammation of the airways. However, measurement of online FeNO in elderly people may not be possible if they are unable to perform the expiratory maneuver. The offline FeNO test is an alternative method th...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2013.34.3692
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The manufacturing of PrePen (benzylpenicilloyl-polylysine) was suspended from September 2000 through November 2001 because of Food and Drug Administration intervention. PrePen is penicilloyl bound to polylysine and is considered to be the major determinant of penicillin metabolism; it is used as a skin-testing reagent...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::T helper type 2 (Th2) cells play an important role in the onset and persistence of allergic airway inflammation. Consequently, many authors have attempted to identify cell surface markers associated with a Th2 phenotype. This work was aimed at correlating CD30 and CD57 expression on CD4(+) T cells with interleukin (IL...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2007.28.3057
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nonallergic rhinitis with eosinophilia syndrome (NARES) is a type of chronic rhinitis, characterized by intense (> 20%) eosinophilia of the nasal secretions. In this study, screening for NARES in 81 patients with nonallergic chronic rhinitis was performed using a modified nasal lavage cytometric method. Twenty-one...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/108854197778558061
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::There are conflicting data regarding the diagnostic value of sesame-specific IgE and sesame skin test. Currently, there are no established thresholds that predict clinical reactivity. We examined the correlation of sesame ImmunoCAP and skin-prick test (SPT) results with oral challenge outcomes in children suspected of...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2009.30.3294
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Food-dependent, exercise-induced anaphylaxis (FDEIA) is a clinically distinct form of anaphylaxis in which symptoms occur only when the patient exercises within a few hours of eating the food. Its precise mechanism remains unclear and has been reported to have a wide spectrum of presentations. The objective of this re...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2007.28.2951
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chronic urticaria (CU) is a skin disorder defined as daily or almost daily exhibition of pruritic and transient wheals that last for 6 weeks. CU is divided into two subtypes: chronic spontaneous urticaria (CSU) and chronic inducible urticaria (CIndU). OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the clinical features, possible c...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2016.37.4010
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Honey allergy is a very rare, but serious health condition. In this study, we presented six patients who described systemic allergic reactions after ingestion of honey. Three of the six patients had suffered from anaphylaxis. Honey-specific IgE was measured and skin-prick tests for honey were performed to diagnose hon...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2014.35.3718
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The practicing allergist has the unique opportunity to see an extraordinary variety of fascinating patients. Identifying the precise cause of the patient's complaints makes for a satisfying intellectual endeavor. This is exemplified by the description of nine cases seen in a university allergy clinic. The cases includ...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2008.29.3140
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Each year there are a substantial number of emergency department (ED) visits for angioedema and allergic reactions in the United States. Angioedema is commonly mistaken for an allergic reaction, possibly affecting the treatment rendered. We sought to determine the characteristics of U.S. ED visits for acute angioedema...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2013.34.3640
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Immunobiologic agents are an important therapeutic alternative for severe asthma, atopic dermatitis, and chronic urticaria. In this article, we reviewed the most relevant studies that addressed the use of anti-immunoglobulin E (omalizumab), anti-IL-5 (mepolizumab, reslizumab, and benralizumab), and anti-IL-4/IL-13 (du...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2500/aap.2019.40.4277
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP), the sixth leading cause of death in the United States, has undergone significant changes in the past 30 years. In addition to the fact that it increasingly is a disease affecting the elderly and those patients with underlying comorbidities, the spectrum of microbiological agents cau...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2500/108854100778248980
更新日期:2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is an autosomal dominant disorder defined by a deficiency of functional C1 esterase inhibitor (C1-INH). Acquired angioedema is due to either consumption (type 1) or inactivation (type 2) of CI-INH. Both HAE and acquired angioedema can be life-threatening. Of the three types of HAE, type 1 i...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2500/aap.2019.40.4267
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB) in children by the tuberculin skin test (TST) poses a diagnostic challenge for physicians due to its low specificity and cross-reactivity with nontuberculous mycobacteria and bacille Calmette-Guerin (BCG). Although interferon-gamma release assays (IGRAs) have been shown as novel TST alte...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2012.33.3574
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Breath-actuated inhalers (BAI) eliminate the need for hand-breath coordination and, therefore, simplify the delivery of inhaled medication. OBJECTIVE:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of beclomethasone dipropionate BAI and metered-dose inhaler (MDI) versus placebo in pediatric patients ages 4-11 years wit...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.2500/aap.2017.38.4078
更新日期:2017-09-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is abnormally expressed in serum and sputum of patients with allergic asthma. OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to investigate the role of HMGB1 as guidance for treatment management of children with asthma. METHODS:Thirty children with asthma and 44 healthy children were...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2017.38.4047
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The cardinal nasal symptoms of allergic rhinitis (AR) are sustained by an underlying inflammatory process. Congestion is one of the most prominent and distressing symptoms for patients and is strongly associated with a broadly deteriorated quality of life and significant losses in productivity. The purpose of this stu...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2500/aap.2008.29.3110
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) often causes sleep disturbances and associated daytime somnolence, thus resulting in a poor quality of life. Various clinical interventions in patients suffering from the disorder seek to improve symptoms and quality of life. Additional studies are needed to establish whether the alle...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2008.29.3097
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a complex multisystem disorder caused by mutations in a membrane glycoprotein called the CF transmembrane regulator (CFTR), which has as its major function serving as a Cl- channel. The relationship between defects in CFTR and development of lung disease remains incompletely understood. Chronic...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case of vocal cord dysfunction (VCD) is presented, followed by a discussion of the clinical characteristics, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management of this disorder. Special emphasis is given to clinical pearls and pitfalls for the practicing allergist. VCD is a common condition that mimics asthma. Dyspnea, cough, ...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.2500/aap.2006.27.2871
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recurrent episodes of flushing, urticaria, and angioedema raise suspicion for many conditions with a wide differential diagnosis. The diagnostic approach involves consideration of allergic, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, endocrine, infectious, neurologic, dermatologic, and drug-related causes. We describe a unique ...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2015.36.3836
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background: The current treatment for patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD) who have uncontrolled asthma or chronic rhinosinusitis is aspirin desensitization. For patients who are unable to undergo or do not benefit from aspirin desensitization, treatment with biologics is an option, although ef...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.2500/aap.2019.40.4241
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::During the past 10 years, our understanding of asthma and allergic rhinitis (AR) has evolved. The historic perspective of these allergen-induced disorders as distinct and separate entities is being displaced by current thinking that they are described better as a continuum of inflammation involving one common airway. ...
journal_title:Allergy and asthma proceedings
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00